Bellandur Lake
{{Short description|Lake in the southeast Bengaluru}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox body of water
| name = Bellandur Lake
| native_name = {{native name list |tag1=kn|name1=ಬೆಳ್ಳಂದೂರು ಕೆರ |tag2=kn|name2=ಯಮಲೂರ ಕೆರೆ}}
| other_name =
| image = Bellandur lake (21559868065).jpg
| alt = View of Bellandur lake
| caption =
| pushpin_map = India#Karnataka
| pushpin_map_alt = Location of Bellandur lake within Karnataka
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| image_bathymetry =
| alt_bathymetry =
| caption_bathymetry =
| location = Bellandur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| group = Varthur Lake Series
| coords = {{coord|12|56|3|N|77|39|46|E|region:IN_type:waterbody|display =inline,title}}
| type = Lake, aquatic eco-system
| etymology =
| part_of = Koramangala-Challaghatta lake system
| inflow = Drain inlets - Ejlpura, Agara, Challaghatta, Iblur
| rivers =
| outflow = Varthur Lake
| oceans =
| catchment = {{convert|148-287|km2|abbr=on}}
| basin_countries =
| agency =
| designation =
| date-built =
| engineer =
| date-flooded =
| length = {{convert|3.6|km|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|1.4|km|abbr=on}}
| area = {{convert|812 - 919|acre|abbr=on}}
| depth = {{convert|2|m|abbr=on}}
| max-depth = {{convert|9|m|abbr=on}}
| volume =
| residence_time =
| salinity =
| shore =
| elevation = {{convert|870|m|abbr=on}}
| frozen =
| islands =
| sections =
| cities = Begur, Agara, Yemalur, Varthur
| trenches =
| benches =
| website =
}}
{
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {},
"geometry": {
"type": "Point",
"coordinates": [
77.66492843627931,
12.935207658673524
]
}
}
]
}
{{Varthur Lake series}}
Bellandur Lake is located in the suburb of Bellandur in the southeast of the city of Bengaluru. It is the largest lake in the city.{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/history-of-it/story/bengaluru-water-crisis-shortage-city-of-thousand-lakes-tanks-history-kempegowda-silicon-valley-karnataka-2514988-2024-03-15|title=A 'thousand lakes' once fed now-parched Bengaluru}} It is a part of Bellandur drainage system that drains the southern and the south-eastern parts of the city. The lake is a receptor from three chains of lakes upstream, and has a catchment area of about {{convert|148|km2|acre}}. Water from this lake flows further east to the Varthur Lake, from where it flows down the plateau and eventually into the Pinakani river basin.{{cite web|url=http://www.rainwaterharvesting.org/bellandur/bellandur.htm|title=Bellandur Lake|website=www.RainwaterHarvesting.org|access-date=15 January 2018}}
History
Bellandur Lake is believed to be originally a tributary of the Dakshina Pinakini river (also known as the Ponnaiyar River).{{cite web |date=17 February 2017 |title=Bellandur lake on fire: 10 facts to know about this heritage lake |url=http://newsable.asianetnews.tv/south/bellandur-lake-on-fire-again-10-historic-facts-you-must-know-about-bengalurus-lake |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219210555/http://newsable.asianetnews.tv/south/bellandur-lake-on-fire-again-10-historic-facts-you-must-know-about-bengalurus-lake |archive-date=19 February 2017 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=AsianetNews.tv}}{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS).|date=December 2022}} Old narratives cover village watermen, deities, cultural practices, and attached commons that provided wood and land for grazing.{{Cite journal |last1=Sen |first1=Amrita |last2=Unnikrishnan |first2=Hita |last3=Nagendra |first3=Harini |date=2020-07-16 |title=Imperiled waterscapes: The social-ecological transformation of lakes in Bengaluru |url=https://ecoinsee.org/journal/ojs/index.php/ees/article/view/229 |journal=Ecology, Economy and Society |volume=3 |issue=2 |doi=10.37773/ees.v3i2.229 |issn=2581-6101 |s2cid=241442770|doi-access=free }} In the 1940s, the lake was used for landing amphibious aircraft such as the Catalina.{{Cite web |last=Krishnan M. |first=Anantha |date=2 December 2003 |title=Bellandur Lake was safe bed for WW-II fighters |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/bellandur-lake-was-safe-bed-for-ww-ii-fighters/articleshow/334095.cms |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=The Times of India}}
The impact of urbanisation goes back to 1980s when unplanned growth broke the chain of tanks and lakes feeding Bellandur lake. This reduced the amount of rain water reaching the lake to recharge it. The development also resulted in letting in untreated sewage water from housing societies and using the lake surrounding area to dump solid waste. Industries also started dumping their waste into the lake.{{Cite web |last1=Sengupta |first1=Sushmita |last2=Pallavi |first2=Aparna |last3=Goswami |first3=Subhojit |date=17 February 2017 |title=Bellandur Lake: a story of toxic froth and fire |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/coverage/environment/bellandur-lake-a-story-of-toxic-froth-and-fire-57139 |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=Down to Earth}}{{cite web |date=13 April 2017 |title=Stop sewage flow into Bellandur Lake: National Green Tribunal |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2017/apr/13/stop-sewage-flow-into-bellandur-lake-national-green-tribunal-1593102.html |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=The New Indian Express}} The combination of all these factors has resulted in a decrease in living standards for neighboring areas. The presence of industrial chemicals in the water from nearby industrial unites causes the lake surface to catch fire regularly.{{cite web |last1=Devlin |first1=Megan |last2=Joseph |first2=Rohit |last3=Mallikarjunan |first3=Prabhu |last4=Majumdar |first4=Romita |last5=Sutton |first5=Tara |date=28 May 2017 |title=The urban farmers battling Bangalore's concrete jungle |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-39968365 |access-date=28 May 2017 |publisher=BBC}} Froth has been associated with the lake since at least 2003.
Farmers, activists, local government representatives and residents have been involved in a variety of diverse issues related to the lake, including construction of a road and cleanliness.{{Cite web |last=Khandekar |first=Supriya |date=2008-10-02 |title=Desperately seeking revival |url=http://bengaluru.citizenmatters.in/491-bellandur-lake-491 |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=Citizen Matters, Bengaluru |language=en-GB}}{{Unreliable source?|date=November 2022|reason=This source is used a number of times. The publication is also used in general in for lakes in Bangalore. Is bengaluru.citizenmatters suitable for use in this article, or does it depend on the topic and contributors, of should this not be used as a first preference when referencing a line. There could be reasons to keep this entirely out of these articles. That needs more consideration on a talk page.}} In 1997, when Bellandur lake was declared unfit for water sports during National Games, was the first time it drew media attention to the issue.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}} The matter has also been taken to court. A PIL in 1999 highlighted the inaction to protect the environment and lakes. The High Court ordered the local administration to provide proper sewage network in the city to stop sewage from entering lakes. When the court order was not followed, the petitioners filed a contempt case. The High Court referred the case to Lok Adalat. In 2002, Lok Adalat directed all government departments including BBMP, BDA, BWSSB, Minor Irrigation, KSPCB and Revenue Department to form a committee and look into the status of Bellandur Lake. A complication is that the lake is under multiple civic bodies.{{Cite web |last=Sengupta |first=Sushmita |date=27 May 2015 |title=Bengaluru's lakes go bad as authorities deny responsibility |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/water/bengaluru-s-lakes-go-bad-as-authorities-deny-responsibility-49943 |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=Down to Earth}}
In 2000, resident association groups of Koramangala joined in and started lobbying with the government to stop mixing of sewage in storm water drains.{{Cite web |last=M |first=Akshatha |date=2015-10-29 |title=All you need to know about Bellandur Lake and its problems |url=http://bengaluru.citizenmatters.in/all-you-need-to-know-about-bellandur-lake-and-its-problems-7834 |access-date=2019-02-20 |website=Citizen Matters, Bengaluru |language=en-GB}} Right to Information activists, in search of information related to encroachments and dumping, have filed a number of applications related to the lake. Members of the Legislative Assembly have also taken up the issue. Several citizens have formed pressure groups. Efforts have included online petitions and campaigns and use of the social media.{{cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Sarayu |date=6 October 2015 |title=Why a Bellandur lake campaign by Bengaluru IT employee is picking pace |url=http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/why-bellandur-lake-campaign-bengaluru-it-employee-picking-pace-34915 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=The News Minute}} In 2015 a Rajya Sabha member filed a PIL in the High Court of Karnataka.{{Cite web |date=2018-07-13 |title=Ready revised plan for Bellandur Lake: HC to agencies |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/city/ready-revised-plan-bellandur-681039.html |access-date=2019-02-20 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=March 21, 2017 |title=NGT gets tough over endangered Bellandur |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/ngt-gets-tough-over-endangered-bellandur/articleshow/57739927.cms |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=Bangalore Mirror |language=en}} In March 2017, the state government invited experts from the UK and Israel to help resolve environmental issues.{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Maya |date=25 March 2017 |title=Bengaluru, Shamed By Frothing Lake, Summons International Help |publisher=NDTV |url=https://www.ndtv.com/bangalore-news/bengaluru-shamed-by-frothing-lake-summons-international-help-1673244 |access-date=31 December 2021}} In 2016 the National Green Tribunal stopped construction near Bellandur Lake and expanded the buffer zone around lakes.{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Rashmi |date=11 May 2016 |title=NGT halts construction on wetland between Bengaluru lakes |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/water/ngt-halts-construction-on-wetland-between-bengaluru-lakes-53909 |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=Down to Earth}} This was overturned by the Supreme Court in 2019.{{Cite news |last=M |first=Akshatha |date=6 March 2019 |title=Realtors cheer as SC overturns NGT order on lake buffer zone |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/realtors-cheer-as-sc-overturns-ngt-order-on-lake-buffer-zone/articleshow/68281787.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-09-24}}{{Cite web |date=2019-03-06 |title=Apex court sets aside NGT order on Bengaluru lakes |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/apex-court-sets-aside-ngt-order-on-bengaluru-lakes/story-OsG0Ub8JC6vW8Ee6VqtOjM.html |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=Sebastian |first=Manu |date=2019-03-06 |title=SC Sets Aside NGT Order Enlarging Buffer Zones Around Bengaluru Water Bodies; Upholds Penalty Against Two Builders [Read Judgment] |url=https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/sc-sets-aside-ngt-order-enlarging-buffer-zones-around-bengaluru-water-bodies-143346 |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=LiveLaw.in}}
The size of Bellandur lake, the scale of siltation and pollution associated with it, and uncertainty as to what exactly should be done to rejuvenate the lake has resulted in the lake failing to meet expected environmental standards for decades. Proposals such as removal of silt or translocation of sewage have been questioned.{{Cite web |last=Menezes |first=Naveen |date=13 February 2020 |title='Do not desilt, dewater Bellandur, Varthur lakes' |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/civic/do-not-desilt-dewater-bellandur-varthur-lakes/articleshow/74106570.cms |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=Bangalore Mirror}}{{Cite web |last=Chatterjee |first=Soumya |date=2020-02-13 |title=Bellandur lake cleaning: Experts divided over desilting, diverting polluted water |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/bellandur-lake-cleaning-experts-divided-over-desilting-diverting-polluted-water-118097 |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Praveen |date=2020-06-03 |title=Ahead of monsoon, desilting begins at Bellandur, Varthur lakes |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/city/bengaluru-infrastructure/ahead-of-monsoon-desilting-begins-at-bellandur-varthur-lakes-845006.html |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=Deccan Herald}} Major efforts include the construction of sewage treatment plants.{{Cite web |last=Menezes |first=Naveen |date=21 April 2021 |title=This sewage has a new address at Bellandur |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/civic/this-sewage-has-a-new-address-at-bellandur/articleshow/82167931.cms |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=Bangalore Mirror}}{{Cite news |author=Staff Reporter |date=2017-05-15 |title=Bellandur gets sewage treatment plant |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/bellandur-gets-sewage-treatment-plant/article18460869.ece |access-date=2022-11-05 |issn=0971-751X}}
Hydrology
Bellandur Lake is a major water body which is located in one of the three main valleys of Bengaluru. It forms a part of the Ponnaiyar River catchment, and water from Bellandur flows to Varthur Lake, ultimately joining the Pennar River.
The catchment area, water cover, average depth and maximum depth have all decreased over a number of years.{{Citation |last1=Ramachandra |first1=T. V. |title=Bellandur and Varthur Lakes Rejuvenation Blueprint |date=April 2017 |url=https://wgbis.ces.iisc.ac.in/energy/water/paper/ETR116/content.html |series=ENVIS Technical Report 116 |publisher=Energy and Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore |last2=Mahapatra |first2=Durga Madhab |last3=S |first3=Vinay |last4=V |first4=Sincy |last5=K S |first5=Asulabha |last6=Bhat |first6=Sudarshan P. |last7=Aithal |first7=Bharath H.}}{{Cite news |last1=Joshi |first1=Bharath |last2=Yadav |first2=Umesh |date=28 April 2017 |title=Why Bellandur lake clean-up exercise could snap many human linkages |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/why-bellandur-lake-clean-up-exercise-could-snap-many-human-linkages/articleshow/58411010.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-11-08}}{{Citation |last1=Ramachandra |first1=T. V. |title=Detrimental Landuse Changes In Agara-Bellandur Wetland |date=August 2015 |url=https://wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/water/paper/ETR95/conservation.html |series=ENVIS Technical Report 95 |publisher=Energy and Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Centre for infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation and Urban Planning |last2=S. |first2=Vinay |last3=Aithal |first3=Bharath H.}}{{Cite journal |last1=Bareuther |first1=Mischa |last2=Klinge |first2=Michael |last3=Buerkert |first3=Andreas |date=2020-11-23 |title=Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Algae and Macrophyte Cover in Urban Lakes: A Remote Sensing Analysis of Bellandur and Varthur Wetlands in Bengaluru, India |journal=Remote Sensing |language=en |volume=12 |issue=22 |pages=3843 |doi=10.3390/rs12223843 |bibcode=2020RemS...12.3843B |issn=2072-4292|doi-access=free }}
Millions of litres of untreated sewage is deposited in the lakes catchment area every day.{{Cite web |last=Bhasthi |first=Deepa |date=2017-03-01 |title=City of burning lakes: experts fear Bangalore will be uninhabitable by 2025 |url=http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/mar/01/burning-lakes-experts-fear-bangalore-uninhabitable-2025 |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=The Guardian}} In 2017, 2020 and 2021 new sewage water treatment plants were opened in the catchment area of the lake.{{Cite web |last=Menezes |first=Naveen |date=21 April 2021 |title=This sewage has a new address at Bellandur |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/civic/this-sewage-has-a-new-address-at-bellandur/articleshow/82167931.cms |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=Bangalore Mirror |language=en}}{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2017-05-15 |title=Bellandur gets sewage treatment plant |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/bellandur-gets-sewage-treatment-plant/article18460869.ece |access-date=2022-09-25 |issn=0971-751X}}{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2020-09-10 |title=210 MLD sewage pumping station to help rejuvenation of Bellandur, Varthur lakes |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/210-mld-sewage-pumping-station-to-help-rejuvenation-of-bellandur-varthur-lakes/article32574640.ece |access-date=2022-09-25 |issn=0971-751X}} There has been a loss in the number of upstream lakes connected to Bellandur Lake.{{Cite journal |last1=Sen |first1=Amrita |last2=Unnikrishnan |first2=Hita |last3=Nagendra |first3=Harini |date=July 2020 |title=Imperilled Waterscapes: The Social-Ecological Transformation of Lakes in Bengaluru |url=https://publications.azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/2359/1/Imperilled%20Waterscapes%20The%20Social-Ecological%20Transformation%20of%20Lakes%20in%20Bengaluru.pdf |journal=Ecology, Economy and Society |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=131 |doi=10.37773/ees.v3i2.229 |s2cid=241442770}} Over the years it has seen failed rejuvenation efforts.{{Cite web |last=Moudgal |first=Sandeep |date=2012-03-26 |title=Sewage water flow stalled Bellandur lake revival: CAG |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/237193/sewage-water-flow-stalled-bellandur.html |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}{{Sfn|Thippaiah|2009|p=55}} This includes efforts at rejuvenating the lake without addressing upstream lakes.{{Cite web |last=Menezes |first=Naveen |date=2021-12-10 |title=Bengaluru has 75 dirty lakes, but BBMP to develop only 8 |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/city/top-bengaluru-stories/bengaluru-has-75-dirty-lakes-but-bbmp-to-develop-only-8-1059327.html |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}} Bellandur lake has seen frothing in 2015,{{Cite news |last=Ghosh |first=Debasish |date=2015-10-01 |title=Bangalore's lake of toxic foam – in pictures |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2015/oct/01/lake-toxic-foam-bangalore-india-in-pictures |access-date=2022-09-25 |issn=0261-3077}} 2016,{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=18 December 2016 |title=Bengaluru: Residents demand action as toxic froth rises in Varthur, Bellandur lakes again |url=http://scroll.in/latest/824498/bengaluru-residents-demand-action-as-toxic-froth-rises-in-varthur-bellandur-lakes-again |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}} 2017,{{Cite web |date=2017-08-17 |title=Bengaluru lake froth on streets: Here's what causes the toxic foam and how it is harmful to people |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bengaluru-lake-froth-on-streets-here-s-what-causes-the-toxic-foam-and-how-it-is-harmful-to-people/story-yuAhx2f4wIYlJYPReVxz7O.html |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}} 2018,{{Cite web |last1=Sharma |first1=Maya |last2=Kidwai |first2=Nehal |date=25 September 2018 |editor-last=Varma |editor-first=Shylaja |title=In Bengaluru, 10-Foot-High Froth At Bellandur Lake After All-Nighter Rain |url=https://www.ndtv.com/bangalore-news/rain-leaves-bengalurus-bellandur-lake-with-10-feet-high-snowy-froth-1921821 |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=NDTV.com}} 2019.{{Cite web |date=21 April 2019 |editor-last=Banerjee |editor-first=Niharika |title=Bengaluru's Bellandur Lake Begins To Froth Once Again |url=https://www.ndtv.com/bangalore-news/bengalurus-bellandur-lake-begins-to-froth-once-again-2026303 |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=NDTV}} In 2015,{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Mohit M. |date=2015-05-16 |title=Fire on Bellandur Lake |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/Fire-on-Bellandur-Lake/article60162280.ece |access-date=2022-09-25 |issn=0971-751X}} 2017,{{Cite web |last1=Sengupta |first1=Sushmita |last2=Pallavi |first2=Aparna |last3=Goswami |first3=Subhojit |date=17 February 2017 |title=Bellandur Lake: a story of toxic froth and fire |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/coverage/environment/bellandur-lake-a-story-of-toxic-froth-and-fire-57139 |access-date=2022-09-11 |website=Down to Earth}} 2018,{{cite web |last1=Abraham |first1=Mary-Rose |date=14 February 2018 |title=Why This Lake Keeps Catching on Fire |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/bangalore-india-lake-bellandur-catches-fire-pollution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301070857/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/bangalore-india-lake-bellandur-catches-fire-pollution |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=31 December 2021 |publisher=National Geographic}} 2021,{{Cite web |date=2021-03-05 |title=Fire breaks out at Bengaluru's Bellandur Lake, officials blame it on a burning garbage pile |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/fire-bellandur-lake-officials-blame-burning-garbage-pile-7215694/ |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}} parts of the lake caught on fire.{{Cite web |date=2021-03-05 |title=Fire breaks out at Bengaluru's Bellandur Lake, officials blame it on a burning garbage pile |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/fire-bellandur-lake-officials-blame-burning-garbage-pile-7215694/ |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Fire Breaks Out At Karnataka's Bellandur Lake |url=https://www.ndtv.com/karnataka-news/fire-breaks-out-at-karnatakas-bellandur-lake-2383963 |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=NDTV.com}} In 2018 parts of the lake were on fire for over 30 hours.{{Cite web |last=Abraham |first=Mary-Rose |date=2018-02-14 |title=Why Bangalore, India's Bellandur Lake Catches Fire: Water Pollution |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/bangalore-india-lake-bellandur-catches-fire-pollution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301070857/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/bangalore-india-lake-bellandur-catches-fire-pollution |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=National Geographic Science}} In 2022 Bellandur lake was one of a number of lakes which overflowed.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-09-05 |title=Rains in Bengaluru Continue To Wreak Havoc, Bellandur Lake Overflows Into Homes |url=https://www.thequint.com/south-india/rains-in-bengaluru-continue-to-wreak-havoc-three-lakes-overflow-into-homes |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=TheQuint |language=en}}
Flora and fauna
Several species of birds are found, including the Grey heron, Purple heron, Indian pond heron, Intermediate egret, Cattle egret, Blyth's pipit, Grey wagtail, Western yellow wagtail, White-browed wagtail, Black kite, Brahminy kite, Western marsh harrier, Shikra, Wood sandpiper, Marsh sandpiper, Common sandpiper, Garganey, Northern shoveler, Northern pintail, Little grebe, Indian spot-billed duck, Black drongo, Ashy drongo, Spotted owlet, Blyth's reed warbler, Pied bushchat, Barn swallow, Red-rumped swallow, Ashy prinia, White-throated kingfisher, Asian koel, White-cheeked barbet, Common myna, Jungle myna, Spot-billed pelican, Indian shag, Great cormorant, Little cormorant, Black-headed ibis, Glossy ibis, House crow and Asian green bee-eater.{{Cite web |date=2014-04-21 |title=Birds of Bellandur Lake |url=https://media.ebird.org/catalog?userId=USER2365846 |website=ebird.org|language=en-US}}
Gallery
File:Humming Bird Suites and Bellandur lake seen from Top of Utopia 8-15-2010 1-42-47 PM.JPG|Humming Bird Suites and Bellandur lake seen from Top of Utopia
File:Bellandur Lake road 2010.jpg|Bellandur Lake road
File:Dying Lake Bellandur.jpg|Lake Bellandur is being encroached upon by land sharks
File:Bellandur lake.jpg| southeast of the city of Bangalore
References
{{reflist}}
Further reading
- {{Cite web |last=Mantri |first=Geetika |date=2017-07-27 |title=In pictures: Photos of Bellandur lake from 1989 show what Bengaluru has now lost |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/bengaluru-lake-was-photos-bellandur-show-how-much-garden-city-we-ve-lost-65842 |website=The News Minute}}
- {{Cite journal |last=Raghav |first=Veena |date=16 June 2016 |title=Bellandur Lake- Local Authorities Under Scrutiny |url=http://www.nluassam.ac.in/docs/lex%20terra/Lex_terra_issue_26.pdf |journal=Lex Terra |issue=26 |issn=2455-0965 |via=National Law University and Judicial Academy, Assam}}
- {{Cite journal |last1=Lokeshwari |first1=H. |last2=Chandrappa |first2=G. T. |date=2006 |title=Impact of heavy metal contamination of Bellandur Lake on soil and cultivated vegetation |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24094365 |journal=Current Science |volume=91 |issue=5 |pages=622–627 |issn=0011-3891 |jstor=24094365}}
- {{Cite web |last=Ramesh |first=Sneha |date=2022-07-30 |title=Desilting Bellandur, Varthur lakes could take one more year |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/city/desilting-bellandur-varthur-lakes-could-take-one-more-year-1131384.html |access-date= |website=Deccan Herald |language=}}
- {{Cite web |last=Menezes |first=Naveen |date=1 September 2020 |title=Oh silt! Tree parks planned to solve silt problem at lakes |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/cover-story/oh-silt-tree-parks-planned-to-solve-silt-problem-at-lakes/articleshow/77860293.cms |access-date= |website=Bangalore Mirror}}
- {{Citation |last=Thippaiah |first=P |title=Vanishing Lakes: A Study of Bangalore City |date=2009 |url=http://www.isec.ac.in/Monographs_17.pdf |volume= |issue= |series=Social and Economic Change Monograph Series 17 |publisher=Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore |isbn=978-81-7791-116-9}}
;Thesis
- {{Citation |last=N |first=Ramesh |title=Studies on the quality of Bellandur Lake water using TSI techniques of USEPA and its effect on surrounding soil |date=June 2018 |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10603/215280 |via=Shodhganga |publisher=Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur|hdl=10603/215280 }}
- {{Cite web |last=Jayaraman |first=Mallika |date=2020 |title=A city finds its water oasis. Connecting a strained community to its lake; Bellandur lake, India |url=https://research.tue.nl/en/studentTheses/a-city-finds-its-water-oasis |website=Eindhoven University of Technology research portal |type=Thesis}}
- {{Citation |last=Sharma |first=Vishal |title=Social Media During Slow Crises |date=2019 |url=https://escholarship.org/content/qt8bj7218c/qt8bj7218c.pdf?t=pukry5 |others=Master of Science in Informatics (Thesis) |publisher=University of California, Irvine}}
- {{Citation |last=Ramesh |first=RK |title=Unravelling Urban Mutations in Bangalore (B. Arch. Dissertation) |date=2021 |url=https://issuu.com/raghavramesh/docs/dis_pub_2.1 |postscript=. via Issuu |publisher=Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi}}
;Audiovisual
- {{Cite web |last=Li |first=Ivy |date=27 September 2022 |title=Rice professor's film explores environmental crises in Bellandur Lake |url=https://www.ricethresher.org/article/2022/09/rice-professors-film-explores-environmental-crises-in-bellandur-lake |website=The Rice Thresher}}
'Kere mattu Kere' or 'The Lake and The Lake' - {{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2018-09-30 |title=Looking beyond the froth: revealing the glorious past of Bellandur lake |language= |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/looking-beyond-the-froth/article25089515.ece |issn=0971-751X}}
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbqHpCiVY0g&app
'There was water']
External links
- [https://indianwetlands.in/view-wetland-health-card/?ID=NDY= Wetland Health Card Details, Wetlands of India Portal]
- {{commons category-inline|Bellandur Lake}}