Benzisoxazole
{{distinguish|2,1-Benzisoxazole}}
{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 459952251
| ImageFile = 1,2-benzisoxazole numbering.svg
| ImageSize = 160
| ImageAlt = Skeletal formula with numbering convention
| ImageFileL2 = Benzisoxazole 3D ball inverted.png
| ImageAltL2 = Ball-and-stick molecular model
| ImageFileR2 = Benzisoxazole 3D spacefill inverted.png
| ImageAltR2 = Space-filling molecular model
| PIN = 1,2-Benzoxazole
| OtherNames = Benzo[d]isoxazole; Indoxazine
| Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 64227
| InChIKey = KTZQTRPPVKQPFO-UHFFFAOYAI
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 271-95-4
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = D879RKM5NQ
| EINECS = 205-983-1
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 314871
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 51554
| Beilstein = 2154
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C7H5NO/c1-2-4-7-6(3-1)5-8-9-7/h1-5H
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = KTZQTRPPVKQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| PubChem = 71073
| SMILES = n2oc1ccccc1c2
| InChI = 1/C7H5NO/c1-2-4-7-6(3-1)5-8-9-7/h1-5H
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=7 | H=5 | N=1 | O=1
| Appearance = Colorless liquid
| Density = 1.18 g/cm3
| MeltingPt =
| BoilingPtC = 35 to 38
| BoilingPt_notes = (at 2.67 hPa)
101-102 °C (at 2 kPa)
| Solubility =
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards =
| FlashPtC = 58
| AutoignitionPtC =
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|315|319|335}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|264|271|280|302+352|304+340|305+351+338|312|321|332+313|337+313|362|403+233|405|501}}
}}
}}
1,2-Benzisoxazole is an aromatic organic compound with a molecular formula C7H5NO containing a benzene-fused isoxazole ring structure.{{Katritzky2nd}}{{cite book |last=Clayden |first=J. |last2=Greeves |first2=N. |last3=Warren |first3=S. |last4=Wothers |first4=P. |title=Organic Chemistry |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford, Oxfordshire |year=2001 |isbn=0-19-850346-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/organicchemistry00clay_0 |url-access=registration }} The compound itself has no common applications; however, functionalized benzisoxazoles and benzisoxazoyls have a variety of uses, including pharmaceutical drugs such as some antipsychotics (including risperidone, paliperidone, ocaperidone, and iloperidone) and the anticonvulsant zonisamide.
Its aromaticity makes it relatively stable;{{cite journal|last1=Domene|first1=Carmen|last2=Jenneskens|first2=Leonardus W.|last3=Fowler|first3=Patrick W.|title=Aromaticity of anthranil and its isomers, 1,2-benzisoxazole and benzoxazole|journal=Tetrahedron Letters|volume=46|issue=23|year=2005|pages=4077–4080|issn=0040-4039|doi=10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.04.014|hdl=1874/14837|hdl-access=free}} however, it is only weakly basic.
Synthesis
Benzisoxazole may be prepared from inexpensive salicylaldehyde, via a base catalyzed room temperature reaction with hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid.{{cite journal|last1=Kemp|first1=D.S.|last2=Woodward|first2=R.B.|title=The N-ethylbenzisoxazolium cation—I|journal=Tetrahedron|volume=21|issue=11|year=1965|pages=3019–3035|issn=0040-4020|doi=10.1016/S0040-4020(01)96921-2}}
Reactions
=Kemp elimination=
First reported by Daniel S. Kemp,{{cite journal |last1=Casey |first1=Martha L. |last2=Kemp |first2=D. S. |last3=Paul |first3=Kenneth G. |last4=Cox |first4=Daniel D. |title=Physical organic chemistry of benzisoxazoles. I. Mechanism of the base-catalyzed decomposition of benzisoxazoles |journal=The Journal of Organic Chemistry |date=June 1973 |volume=38 |issue=13 |pages=2294–2301 |doi=10.1021/jo00953a006}}{{cite journal |last1=Kemp |first1=D. S. |last2=Cox |first2=Daniel D. |last3=Paul |first3=Kenneth G. |title=Physical organic chemistry of benzisoxazoles. IV. Origins and catalytic nature of the solvent rate acceleration for the decarboxylation of 3-carboxybenzisoxazoles |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=December 1975 |volume=97 |issue=25 |pages=7312–7318 |doi=10.1021/ja00858a018}}{{cite journal |last1=Kemp |first1=Daniel S. |title=Decarboxylation of benzisoxazole-3-carboxylic acids. Catalysis by extraction of possible relevance to the problem of enzymic mechanism |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=April 1970 |volume=92 |issue=8 |pages=2553–2554 |doi=10.1021/ja00711a061}} the relatively weak N-O bond can be cleaved by a strong base to yield a 2-hydroxybenzonitrile species.
See also
;Structural isomers
References
{{reflist}}
{{Simple aromatic rings}}
{{Chemical classes of psychoactive drugs}}