Bilal Philips

Philips was born in Kingston, Jamaica, to high school teachers Bradley Philips and Joyce McDermott.{{cite web |title=Gulf Today Biography |url=https://bilalphilips.com/about/gulf-today-biography/ |website=BilalPhilips.com}} Philips has one brother and one sister, as well as an adopted brother.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} Philips was raised a Christian, with his mother being an Anglican and his father a Presbyterian.

Philips spent the first 11 years of childhood in Jamaica,{{cite web |title=Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips' Autobiography |url=http://bilalphilips.com:80/abouthim/bio_aut3.htm |website=BilalPhilips.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060621033326/http://bilalphilips.com:80/abouthim/bio_aut3.htm |archive-date=2006-06-21 }} before migrating to Toronto, Ontario, Canada.[https://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/canadian-imam-bilal-philips-unwelcome-in-philippines Canadian imam Bilal Philips unwelcome in Philippines] Ottawa Citizen He attended Jarvis Collegiate Institute for junior high and Northview Heights Collegiate Institute for high school from 1962 to 1965. Philips moved with his family to Sabah, East Malaysia in 1964, as his parents were part of the Colombo Plan.

Philips attended Simon Fraser University in Vancouver from 1967 to 1970, where he took biochemistry. Philips had encountered Islam several times in his travels, but the book that won him over was Islam, The Misunderstood Religion by Muhammad Qutb.J. M. Berger, Jihad Joe: Americans Who Go to War in the Name of Islam, p 51. {{ISBN|1597976938}} He converted to Islam in February 1972, giving Shahada in the presence of Abdullah Hakim Quick.{{cite web |title=Saudi Gazette Biography |url=https://bilalphilips.com/about/saudi-gazette-biography/ |website=BilalPhilips.com}}{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}

He received his B.A. degree from the Islamic University of Madinah and his M.A. in ʿAqīdah (Islamic Theology) from the King Saud University in Riyadh, then to the University of Wales, St. David's University College (now University of Wales, Trinity Saint David). There at the Lampeter Campus he completed his 1993 PhD thesis, Exorcism in Islam.[http://tsd-l.worldcat.org/title/exorcism-in-islam/oclc/669684809&referer=brief_results WorldCat library listing: Exorcism in Islam (Book, 1993) | University of Wales, Trinity St. David, Lampeter Campus]

Philips taught Islamic studies for a decade at Manarat al-Riyadh School in Riyadh and was an Arabic and Islamic studies teacher in the American University of Dubai for 10 years as well.{{Cite web|last= Banaeem|first=Jihan |url=http://www.ukm.my/nbnews/the-west-is-scared-of-us-dr-bilal-philips/#.WgiYdFtSxdh |title=The West Is Scared Of Us – Dr. Bilal Philips |website=NADI BANGI |date=18 November 2016 |language=en|access-date=2017-11-12}} He also lectures at the Ajman University (AU) in the United Arab Emirates. Philips set up an Islamic Studies department of Preston University in Ajman in 2002 and set up the Islamic Studies Academy in Qatar in 2007.

During the First Gulf War, Philips organized Islamic religious revival meetings for U.S. troops stationed in Dammam, Saudi Arabia, during which (according to Philips) over three thousand soldiers converted to Islam. According to counter-extremism author J.M. Berger, some of the US military men and women who participated in his revival program were later recruited as volunteer trainers in the 1992–95 Bosnian War. Philips founded and taught at the Islamic Information Center in Dubai, under the Dar al Ber Society, and in Qatar he was an Islamic consultant and lecturer for the Islamic Information wing of Sheikh Eid Charity.

Philips founded the Islamic Online University in Qatar in the year of 2001.Marloes Janson, Islam, Youth and Modernity in the Gambia: The Tablighi Jama'at, p 251. {{ISBN|1107040574}}{{cite web|url=http://www.thenigertimes.com/2014/03/niger-state-government-pays-islamic-online-university-fees-for-35-students.html|title=Niger State Government Pays Islamic Online University BA Fees for 35 Students|date=March 2014|work=Niger Times|accessdate=November 24, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208154238/http://www.thenigertimes.com/2014/03/niger-state-government-pays-islamic-online-university-fees-for-35-students.html|archive-date=December 8, 2015|url-status=dead}}

Regarding his statement "Western culture, led by the United States, is the enemy of Islam," he has explained in an interview in Austrolabe that it was taken out of context, and that he was quoting Samuel P. Huntington’s famous statement on the clash of civilisations. When asked in an interview with author Berger about his statement, he explains that he opposes the effort by "globalized western civilization" to "push ... secular democracy ... down the throats of the rest of the world."

Philips has stated that there is no such thing as rape in marriage in Islam:{{cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/news/thinktanks-demand-inquiry-into-libraries-islamist-hatebooks|title=Islamist hate books inquiry call|date=2010-12-03|website=Channel4.com|accessdate=2016-06-05}}

[In] Islam, a woman is obliged to give herself to her husband and he may not be charged with rape. Of course, if a woman is physically ill or exhausted, her husband should take her condition into consideration and not force himself upon her.{{Cite book|url=https://d1.islamhouse.com/data/en/ih_books/single/en_Contemporary_Issues.pdf|title=Contemporary Issues |last=Philips|first=Bilal |publisher=BilalPhilips.com|pages=7 |date=2002}}

Phillips had previously stated in a lecture and in one of his books{{Cite book|url=https://d1.islamhouse.com/data/en/ih_books/single/en_Contemporary_Issues.pdf|title=Contemporary Issues |last=Philips|first=Bilal |publisher=BilalPhilips.com|pages=41 |date=2002}} that suicide bombers are unfairly criticized as they are not really committing the suicide that is forbidden in Islam, but are showing bravery in committing a military operation. However he would later state in a 2010 interview that he believes suicide bombings actually do not comply with Islamic law.

When you look at the mind of the suicide bomber, it's a different intention altogether ... The [enemy] is either too heavily armed, or they don't have the type of equipment that can deal with it, so the only other option they have is to try to get some people amongst them and then explode the charges that they have to try to destroy the equipment and to save the lives of their comrades. So this is not really considered to be suicide in the true sense. This is a military action and human lives are sacrificed in that military action. This is really the bottom line for it and that's how we should look at it.{{cite news|author=Mark Townsend |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/19/abdaly-luton-mosque-stockholm-bomber |title=Stockholm bomber's mosque website carries links to extremist preacher | World news |newspaper=The Guardian |accessdate=2016-06-05}}

Philips' ideas on suicide bombing made news after the website of Luton Islamic Centre, where a suicide bomber had worshipped, was found to carry a link to a lecture by Philips in which he made "comments used to justify suicide attacks, and material expounding antisemitism and homophobia". The chairman of the Luton Islamic Centre has said Philips' comments that were posted on its website contained errors and that it should not have been categorized as "suicide bombings" because he was referring to military operations as opposed to harming innocent people.

In an interview in Austrolabe, republished in Muslim Matters, Philips calls himself a "moderate" and the claim that he is an extremist "baseless". He has also stated that he is opposed to Al-Qaeda and any type of terrorism in the name of Islam.

Philips came under criticism in Britain for his statements on suicide bombers.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/29/world/europe/muslim-leaders-denounce-police-over-raids-in-czech-capital.html?_r=0|title=Muslim Leaders Denounce Police Over Raids in Czech Capital|newspaper=The New York Times|date=28 April 2014 |accessdate=2016-06-05 |last1=Bilefsky |first1=Dan |last2=Richter |first2=Jan }} Some civil rights advocates have defended Philips for his actions, claiming that he is being religiously persecuted.{{Cite web|last= Manlupig|first=Karlos|url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/68712-canadian-preacher-davao-terrorism |title=Canadian preacher linked to terrorists found in Davao |website=Rappler |date=10 September 2014 |language=en|access-date=2017-11-22}} Philips has responded to such criticism by stating he is a moderate{{cite web|title=Exclusive: Interview with Dr Bilal Philips|url=http://austrolabe.com/2007/04/09/exclusive-interview-with-dr-bilal-philips/|website=Austrolabe|accessdate=6 July 2017|date=9 April 2007}} who does not endorse terrorism or the use of suicide bombings in Islam.{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/09/10/canadian-muslim-preacher-accused-of-inciting-terrorism-arrested-in-philippines/ |title=Controversial Canadian Muslim preacher accused of inciting terrorism and arrested in Philippines | National Post |website=News.nationalpost.com |accessdate=2016-06-05}}{{Cite web|last=Berger|first=J.M. |author-link=J.M. Berger|date=19 April 2011|title=A Conversation About Jihad With Controversial Preacher Bilal Philips|url=http://news.intelwire.com/2011/04/interview-with-bilal-philips-about.html|access-date=2017-07-06|website=news.intelwire.com|language=en|archive-date=2021-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212051520/http://news.intelwire.com/2011/04/interview-with-bilal-philips-about.html|url-status=dead}}

Philips has been banned from entering the United Kingdom, Australia, Denmark{{Cite web|url=https://www.nyidanmark.dk/da/Ord-og-begreber/US/Religi%C3%B8se-forkyndere/Religi%C3%B8se-forkyndere-med-indrejseforbud/?anchor=7C5D2D143D284E4EB2829BA5F0F04837&callbackItem=98FA8A72DFA24722AFE2B9D6CE5AE799&callbackAnchor=98FA8A72DFA24722AFE2B9D6CE5AE799|title=Ny i Danmark|website=www.nyidanmark.dk|language=da|access-date=2018-04-07}} and Kenya, banned from re-entering Germany, ordered to leave Bangladesh, because of his extreme views and arrested in and deported from the Philippines{{cite web|url=http://www.manilatimes.net/islamic-teacher-linked-terror-groups-arrested/125511/ |title=Islamic teacher linked to terror groups arrested | The Manila Times Online |website=Manilatimes.net |date=9 September 2014 |accessdate=2016-06-05}} for "inciting and recruiting people to conduct terrorist activities."{{cite web|author=Reuters Editorial |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-philippines-immigration-idUKKBN0H50IW20140910 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307164548/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-philippines-immigration-idUKKBN0H50IW20140910 |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 7, 2016 |title=Philippines to deport Canadian Islamic teacher over terror links |website=Uk.reuters.com |date=2014-09-10 |accessdate=2016-06-05}}

In 2007 he was banned from entering Australia on the advice of national security agencies.{{cite web|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/archive/news/john-howard-bans-islamic-leader/story-e6frf7l6-1111113279773 |title=John Howard Bans Islamic Leader |website=Heraldsun.com.au |accessdate=2016-06-05}}

In 2010 Philips was banned from entering the UK by home secretary Theresa May for holding "extremist views".{{cite web|last=Gilligan |first=Andrew |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/andrew-gilligan/7908262/Hizb-ut-Tahrir-is-not-a-gateway-to-terrorism-claims-Whitehall-report.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100727044823/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/andrew-gilligan/7908262/Hizb-ut-Tahrir-is-not-a-gateway-to-terrorism-claims-Whitehall-report.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 27, 2010 |title=Hizb ut Tahrir is not a gateway to terrorism, claims Whitehall report |publisher=Telegraph |accessdate=2016-06-05}}

In April 2011, Philips was banned from re-entering Germany as persona non grata.DPA/The Local/mdm. (2011-04-21). [http://www.thelocal.de/national/20110421-34559.html Islamist preacher ordered to leave Germany]. The Local, retrieved August 6, 2011

In 2012, Philips was banned from entering Kenya over possible terror links.{{cite web |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/Kenya+deports+Jamaican+over+terrorism+links++/-/1056/1333686/-/g3jbamz/-/index.html |title=Kenya deports Jamaican over terrorism links |website=Nation.co.ke |date=2012-02-23 |accessdate=2016-06-05 |archive-date=2019-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117040946/https://www.nation.co.ke/News/Kenya%2Bdeports%2BJamaican%2Bover%2Bterrorism%2Blinks%2B%2B/-/1056/1333686/-/g3jbamz/-/index.html |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/02/24/controversial-canadian-muslim-preacher-bilal-philips-deported-from-kenya-over-security-concerns-report/ |title=Controversial Canadian Muslim preacher Bilal Philips deported from Kenya over security concerns |website=News.nationalpost.com |accessdate=2016-06-05}}{{cite web|url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?id=2000052744&cid=159&story=%20Cleric%20suspected%20of%20terror%20links%20deported&articleID=2000052744 |title=Kenya : Cleric suspected of terror links deported - Standard Digital News |website=Standardmedia.co.ke |date=2012-02-24 |accessdate=2016-06-05}}

Philips was named by the US government as an unindicted co-conspirator in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. He has stated that this allegation was not factual hence he was not arrested.{{URL|https://muslimmatters.org/2014/09/13/official-statement-bilal-philips-arrest-philippines}}{{cite web|last=Gilligan |first=Andrew |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/7333487/Inextricably-linked-to-controversial-mosque-the-secret-world-of-IFE.html |title=Inextricably linked to controversial mosque: the secret world of IFE |date=28 February 2010 |publisher=Telegraph |accessdate=2016-06-05}}

In 2014, the publisher of a book authored by Philips entitled "The Fundamentals of Tawheed" was arrested by armed officers during a raid of Islamic institutions in Prague. 20 people were detained during Friday Prayer at a mosque and a community center. Law enforcement officials claimed Philips' book "incites xenophobia and violence" and insisted it was racist. Philips "vehemently" defended his book, denied it condoned racism, noting that millions of copies had been published in Muslim communities around the world, and stated that any action against the book could "constitute an attack on Islam itself."

In June 2014, the Bangladeshi intelligence service ordered Phillips, who had come to Dhaka to give lectures, to leave the country.{{cite web|url=http://newagebd.net/22347/bilal-philips-forced-to-leave-dhaka/#sthash.jdpJExKK.dpbs |title=Bilal Philips forced to leave Dhaka - New Age | New Age |website=Newagebd.net |date=2014-06-19 |accessdate=2016-06-05}}{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/bilal-philips-sent-back-29431 |title=Bilal Philips sent back |accessdate=June 25, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006113646/http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/bilal-philips-sent-back-29431 |archive-date=October 6, 2014 }}

In September 2014, Philips was arrested in the Philippines for "inciting and recruiting people to conduct terrorist activities." He had been expected to be deported by Philippine immigration authorities after police arrested him in southern Davao City.{{cite web|url=http://www.rappler.com/nation/68712-canadian-preacher-davao-terrorism |title=Canadian preacher linked to terrorists found in Davao |website=Rappler.com |date=2014-09-10 |accessdate=2016-06-05}} The director of the Philippine National Police in Southern Mindanao, said Philips was questioned for his possible links with terror groups including the ISIS (Islamic State in Iraq and Syria). He was deported from the Philippines back to Canada.{{cite web|url=http://muslimvillage.com/2014/09/14/57721/philippines-deports-bilal-philips/ |title=Philippines deports Bilal Philips |website=Muslimvillage.com |date=14 September 2014 |accessdate=2016-06-05}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/controversial-imam-bilal-philips-says-banning-him-wont-stop-his-message/article20611079/ |title=Controversial imam Bilal Philips says banning him won't stop his message |newspaper=The Globe and Mail |date=2014-09-15 |accessdate=2016-06-05}} Philips denied the charges leveled by Filipino officials and denied links to terrorists groups.{{cite news|url=https://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/canadian-imam-bilal-philips-unwelcome-in-philippines |title=Canadian imam Bilal Philips unwelcome in Philippines |newspaper=Ottawa Citizen |date=2014-09-10 |accessdate=2017-03-04}} Some religious leaders and civil rights advocates have defended Philips and criticized his deportation from the Philippines, arguing that he has not done anything wrong and that he has been a victim of religious persecution.

In the April 2016 issue of Dabiq Magazine, The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, declared Philips to be a murtadd (or apostate){{cite journal |author= |title= Kill the Imams of the West |url=https://www.clarionproject.org/docs/Dabiq-Issue-14.pdf|journal= Dabiq 1437 Rajab (April - May 2016)|publisher= Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant |access-date= 2016-04-30|issue=14|page= 16|quotation=Jamaican ally to Canada, Bilal Philips, has – like the rest of the apostates mentioned herein ...}} and threatened to kill him for denouncing ISIS.{{cite news|last1=Goodsteinmay 8, 2016|first1=Laurie|title=Muslim Leaders Wage Theological Battle, Stoking ISIS' Anger|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/09/us/isis-threatens-muslim-preachers-who-are-waging-theological-battle-online.html?_r=0|accessdate=5 June 2016|newspaper=The New York Times|date=8 May 2016}}{{cite news|last1=Halevi|first1=Jonathan D.|title=ISIS names two Canadian imams in a new hit list|url=http://en.cijnews.com/?p=33836|accessdate=5 June 2016|agency=CIJNews|issue=1|publisher=CIJNews|date=13 April 2016}}{{cite web|title=ISIS Magazine Targets Sunni 'Apostates'|url=http://tonyblairfaithfoundation.org/religion-geopolitics/reports-analysis/briefing-note/isis-magazine-targets-sunni-apostates|website=Tony Blair Faith Foundation|accessdate=5 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502213159/http://tonyblairfaithfoundation.org/religion-geopolitics/reports-analysis/briefing-note/isis-magazine-targets-sunni-apostates|archive-date=2 May 2016|url-status=dead}}

One of Philip's works entitled "The Fundamentals of Tauheed" has been described as "extremist" by the United Kingdom prison service. As a consequence, this book has now been removed and banned from prisons.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-36774358|title='Extremist' books remained in prisons despite warning|last=Titheradge|first=Sajid Iqbal and Noel|date=2016-07-28|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-10-01}}

In May 2017, Philips was banned from entering Denmark for two years along with other preachers including Salman al-Ouda and Terry Jones.{{cite web |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/canadian-muslim-preacher-banned-from-entering-denmark-for-two-years/article34872643/ |title=Canadian Muslim preacher banned from entering Denmark for two years |last=Dedert |first=Arne |date=May 2, 2017 |website=The Globe and Mail |publisher= |access-date=May 31, 2021 |quote=}}

• 1985: The Mirage in Iran, Abul Qasim Publications
• 1987: The Quran's Numerical Miracle: Hoax and Heresy, Abul Qasim Publications
• 1988: The Ansar Cult in America, Tawheed Publications
• 1989: Ibn Taymeeyah's Essay on The Jinn (Demons), International Islamic Publishing House (IIPH)
• 1990: Islamic Studies Book 1, Al Hidaayah Publishing / IIPH
• 1990: Polygamy in Islaam, IIPH
• 1990: Salvation Through Repentance, IIPH
• 1990: Tafseer Soorah al-Hujuraat, IIPH
• 1990: The Evolution of Fiqh (Islamic Law & The Madh-habs), Tawheed Publications / IIPH
• 1990: The Fundamentals of Tawheed (Islamic Monotheism), IIPH / Al Hidaayah Publishing
• 1994: The True Religion of God, Dar Al Fatah
• 1995: Arabic Reading and Writing Made Easy, Dar Al Fatah
• 1995: Hajj and 'Umrah, IIPH
• 1996: Dream Interpretation, Dar Al Fatah
• 1996: Funeral Rites In Islam, Dar Al Fathah
• 1996: Ibn al-Jawzee's, The Devil's Deception, Al Hidaayah Publishing
• 1996: Islamic Rules on Menstruation & Post-Natal Bleeding, Dar Al Fatah / IIPH
• 1996: Islamic Studies Book 2, Al Hidaayah Publishing / IIPH
• 1996: The Best In Islam, Dar Al Fatah
• 1996: The True Message of Jesus Christ, Dar Al Fatah / IIPH
• 1997: Islamic Studies Book 3, Al Hidaayah Publishing / IIPH
• 1997: Arabic Grammar Made Easy Book 1, Dar Al Fatah
• 1997: The Exorcist Tradition in Islam, Dar Al Fatah / Al Hidaayah Publishing
• 1997: The Purpose of Creation, Dar Al Fatah / IIPH
• 1997: Usool at-Tafseer, Dar Al Fatah / IIPH
• 2001: Did God Become Man?
• 2001: Islamic Studies Book 4, Al Hidaayah Publishing / IIPH
• 2002: A Commentary on Ibn Qudaamah's Radiance of Faith
• 2003: A Commentary on The Book of Monotheism
• 2003: The Clash of Civilizations: An Islamic View, Al Hidaayah Publishing
• 2003: The Foundations of Islamic Studies
• 2003: The Moral Foundations of Islamic Culture
• 2003: Usool al-Hadeeth: The Methodology of Hadeeth Evaluation, IIPH
• 2003: Usool al-Fiqh: The Methodology of Islamic Law Made Easy
• 2008: A Commentary on Surah Al-Mulk, Al Hidaayah Publishing
• 2008: A Commentary on Surah Al-Buruj, Al Hidaayah Publishing
• 2011: A Commentary on Ibn Taymiyyah's Essay on the Heart, Dakwah Corner Bookstore
• 2022: Tafsir Surah Ya-Seen, Dakwah Corner Bookstore

• List of Da'ees
• List of Islamic studies scholars
• Dawah
• Islam in Canada
• Zakir Naik
• Muhammad bin Jamil Zeno
• Yusuf Estes

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