Blaberidae#Panchlorinae
{{Short description|Family of cockroaches}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossilrange|Late Cretaceous|Present|ref={{Cite journal|last1=Šmídová |first1=L. |last2=Vidlička |first2=L. |last3=Wedmann |first3=S. |title=Appearance of the family Blaberidae (Insecta: Blattaria) during the Cretaceous and a review of fossils of this family |year=2021 |journal=Palaeontographica Abteilung A |volume=321 |issue=1–6 |pages=71–79 |doi=10.1127/pala/2021/0109 |s2cid=243467634 }}}}
| name = Giant cockroaches
| image = Blaberus craniifer - adult and subadult.jpg
| image_caption = Adults and subadults of Blaberus craniifer – the death's head cockroach
| taxon = Blaberidae
| authority = Saussure, 1864
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = See text
| synonyms = * Blaberiens
- Perisphaeridae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
}}
Giant cockroaches, or blaberids (family Blaberidae), are the second-largest cockroach family by number of species.{{Cite journal|last1=Beccaloni|first1=George|last2=Eggleton|first2=Paul|date=2013-08-30|title=Order Blattodea. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Addenda 2013)|url=http://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3703.1.10|journal=Zootaxa|volume=3703|issue=1|pages=46|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.10|issn=1175-5334|doi-access=free}} Mostly distributed in warmer climates worldwide, this family is based on the American genus Blaberus, but much of the diversity is also found in Africa and Asia.
Description
File:Elliptorhina javanica ootheca.jpg with an ootheca]]
File:Gromphadorhina portentosa birth.jpg giving live birth]]
They are the only ovoviviparous cockroach family.{{cite web | url=https://www.ecologycenter.us/cockroach-species/ovoviviparity.html | title=Ovoviviparity - Cockroach Species | date=2 March 2023 }}{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/Blaberidae | title=Blaberidae | insect family | Britannica }} The ootheca is seen very briefly before being retracted into the body, where soon after the young nymphs hatch inside, the female gives live birth. The cerci are smaller compared to other families, and most of the time are covered by wings.For the Love of Cockroaches: Husbandry, Biology, and History of Pet and Feeder Blattodea They're mostly found in caves, rotting logs or buried under leaf litter. Many are often kept as pets or as feeder insects, such as Blaberus, Gromphadorhina or Macropanesthia.
=Notable species=
Notable species within this family include:
- Cape mountain cockroach – Aptera fusca
- Dwarf cave cockroach – Blaberus atropos (syn. Blaberus fusca)
- Death's head cockroach – Blaberus craniifer
- False death's head cockroach – Blaberus discoidalis
- Giant cave cockroach – Blaberus giganteus
- Dubia cockroach – Blaptica dubia
- Orange head cockroach – Eublaberus posticus
- Glowspot cockroach – Lucihormetica verrucosa
- Beetle cockroach – Diploptera punctata
- Chrome cockroach – Gyna caffrorum
- Cuban, or green banana cockroach – Panchlora nivea
- Halloween hissing cockroach – Elliptorhina javanica
- Wide-horned hissing cockroach – Gromphadorhina oblongonota
- Madagascar hissing cockroach – Gromphadorhina portentosa
- Speckled cockroach – Nauphoeta cinerea
- Surinam cockroach – Pycnoscelus surinamensis
- Australian wood cockroach – Panesthia spp. including P. cribrata
- Giant burrowing cockroach – Macropanesthia rhinoceros
- Emerald cockroach – Pseudoglomeris magnifica
Subfamilies and genera
The Cockroach Species File lists over 1260 species within 170 valid genera and 14 subfamilies.{{Cite web |title=family Blaberidae Saussure, 1864: Cockroach Species File |url=https://cockroach.speciesfile.org/otus/856754/overview|access-date=12 October 2023|website=cockroach.speciesfile.org}}
= Blaberinae =
File:Blaberus giganteus MHNT.jpg]]
Auth.: Saussure, 1864; distribution: Americas
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- Archimandrita Saussure, 1893
- Aspiduchus Rehn & Hebard, 1927
- Bionoblatta Rehn, 1940
- Blaberus Serville, 1831
- Blaptica Stål, 1874
- Byrsotria Stål, 1874
- Eublaberus Hebard, 1920
- Hemiblabera Saussure, 1893
- Hiereoblatta Rehn, 1937
- Hormetica Burmeister, 1838
- Hyporhicnoda Hebard, 1920
- Lucihormetica Zompro & Fritzsche, 1999
- Minablatta Rehn, 1940
- Monachoda Burmeister, 1838
- Monastria Saussure, 1864
- Neorhicnoda Grandcolas, 1992
- Oxycercus Bolívar, 1881
- Paradicta Grandcolas, 1992
- Parahormetica Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
- Petasodes Saussure, 1864
- Phoetalia Stål, 1874
- Quadrihormetica Vidlicka, 2019
- Sibylloblatta Rehn, 1937
- Styphon Rehn, 1930
{{div col end}}
;Calolamprodinae Wang & Wang, 2023
- Calolamprodes Bey-Bienko, 1969 (India, China, Indochina)
;Diplopterinae
Distribution: SE Asia, Australia, N. America
- Diploptera Saussure, 1864
=Epilamprinae=
File:Table Mountain Cockroach (Aptera fusca) female (32832398941).jpg]]
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865; distribution: Americas, Africa, SE Asia, Australia
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- Africalolampra Roth, 1995
- Alphelixia Roth, 1973
- Anisolampra Bey-Bienko, 1969
- Antioquita Hebard, 1933
- Aptera Saussure, 1864
- Apsidopis Saussure, 1895
- Ataxigamia Tepper, 1893
- Audreia Shelford, 1910
- Blepharodera Burmeister, 1838
- Brephallus Wang, Zhao, Li, Che & Wang, 2018
- Calolampra Saussure, 1893
- Capucinella Hebard, 1920
- Cariacasia Rehn, 1928
- Colapteroblatta Hebard, 1919
- Compsolampra Saussure, 1893
- Cyrtonotula Uvarov, 1939
- Dryadoblatta Rehn, 1930
- Decoralampra Lucañas, 2017
- Epilampra Burmeister, 1838
- Galiblatta Hebard, 1926
- Gurneya Roth, 1974
- Haanina Hebard, 1929
- Homalopteryx Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
- Howintoniella Roth, 1981
- Indoapterolampra Anisyutkin, 2014
- Juxtacalolampra Roth, 1981
- Litopeltis Hebard, 1920
- Miroblatta Shelford, 1906
- Molytria Stål, 1874
- Morphna Shelford, 1910
- Notolampra Saussure, 1862
- Opisthoplatia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
- Orchidoeca Gurney & Roth, 1976
- Paracalolamprodes Anisyutkin, 2015
- Phlebonotus Saussure, 1862
- Phoraspis Serville, 1831
- Pinaconota Saussure, 1895
- Placoblatta Bey-Bienko, 1969
- Poeciloderrhis Stål, 1874
- Princisola Gurney & Roth, 1976
- Pseudophoraspis Kirby, 1903
- Rhabdoblatta Kirby, 1903
- Rhicnoda Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
- Stictolampra Hanitsch, 1930
- Thorax Saussure, 1862
- Ylangella Roth, 2002
{{div col end}}
=Geoscapheinae=
File:MP - Macropanesthia rhinoceros 2.jpg]]
Distribution: Malesia, Australasia (not mainland Asia)
- Geoscapheus Tepper, 1893
- Macropanesthia Saussure, 1895
- Neogeoscapheus Roth, 1977
- Parapanesthia Roth, 1977
=Gyninae=
File:Tree Cockroach (Gyna caffrorum) (33105355646).jpg]]
Distribution: Africa
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
- Alloblatta Grandcolas, 1993
- Gyna Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
- Paraprincisaria Grandcolas, 1993
- Princisaria Kumar, 1975
- Pseudocalolampra Roth & Princis, 1971
{{div col end}}
=Oxyhaloinae=
File:Gromphadorhina portentosa 2.jpg]]
Distribution: Africa – 3 tribes:
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- Aeluropoda Butler, 1882
- Ateloblatta Saussure, 1891
- Elliptorhina van Herrewege, 1973
- Gromphadorhina Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
- Leozehntnera van Herrewege, 1975
- Princisia van Herrewege, 1973
- Nauphoetini
- Griffiniella Karny, 1908
- Henschoutedenia Princis, 1954
- Jagrehnia Princis, 1954
- Nauphoeta Burmeister, 1838
- Rhyparobia Krauss, 1892
- Simandoa Roth & Naskrecki, 2004
- Oxyhaloini
- Oxyhaloa Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
- Brachynauphoeta van Herrewege, 1975
- Coleoblatta Hanitsch, 1950
- Heminauphoeta Saussure, 1891
- Pronauphoeta Shelford, 1909
{{div col end}}
=Panchlorinae=
Distribution: Americas, Africa
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
- Achroblatta Saussure, 1893
- Anchoblatta Shelford, 1909
- Biolleya Saussure, 1897
- Panchlora Burmeister, 1838
- Pelloblatta Rehn, 1903
{{div col end}}
=[[Panesthiinae]]=
File:Australian Wood Cockroach 07.jpg sp.]]
Distribution: Madagascar, India, China, SE Asia through to Australia[https://cockroach.speciesfile.org/otus/857874/overview Cockroach Species File: subfamily Panesthiinae (retrieved 21 October 2023)]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
- Ancaudellia Shaw, 1925
- Annamoblatta Sergeev, 1984 - monotypic Annamoblatta vietnamica Sergeev
- Caeparia Stål, 1877
- Microdina Kirby, 1903
- Miopanesthia Saussure, 1895
- Panesthia Serville, 1831
- Salganea Stål, 1877
{{div col end}}
;Paranauphoetinae Rehn, 1951
- Paranauphoeta Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865 (India, China, Indochina, Malesia, New Guinea)
=Perisphaerinae=
File:Emerald cockroach (Pseudoglomeris magnifica), Entomica.jpg]]
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865; distribution: Africa, SE Asia, Australia[https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/7063/ Perisphaerinae Brunner von Wattenwyl and Hyposphaeria Lucas are valid names concealed by the unavailable names Perisphaeriinae and Perisphaeria Burmeister (Blattodea, Blaberidae)]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
- Bantua Shelford, 1908
- Compsagis Chopard, 1952
- Corydidarum Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
(= Trichoblatta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895) - Cyrtotria Stål, 1871
- Derocalymma Burmeister, 1838
- Ellipsica Saussure & Zehntner, 1895
- Elliptoblatta Saussure, 1891
- Gymnonyx Saussure & Zehntner, 1895
- Hostilia (cockroach) Stål, 1871
- Hyposphaeria Lucas, 1863 (many synonyms)
- Laxta Walker, 1868
- Neolaxta Mackerras, 1968
- Perisphaerus Serville, 1831
(= Perisphaera [sic] Serville) - Pilema Saussure, 1873
- Platysilpha Shelford, 1908
- Poeciloblatta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895
- Pseudoglomeris Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
- Zuluia Rehn, 1922
{{div col end}}
=Pycnoscelinae=
Distribution: SE Asia & S. America
- Proscratea Burmeister, 1838 - S. America
- Pycnoscelus Scudder, 1862
- Stilpnoblatta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895
;Rhabdoblattellinae Wang & Wang, 2023
- Rhabdoblattella Anisyutkin, 1999 (China, Indochina)
=Zetoborinae=
File:Schizopilia fissicollis.jpg
Distribution: Central & S. America
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
- Alvarengaia Rocha e Silva & Aguiar, 1977
- Capucina Saussure, 1893
- Lanxoblatta Hebard, 1931
- Parasphaeria Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865
- Phortioeca Saussure, 1862
- Phortioecoides Rehn, 1937
- Schistopeltis Rehn, 1916
- Schizopilia Saussure, 1864
- Schultesia (cockroach) Roth, 1973
- Thanatophyllum Grandcolas, 1991
- Tribonium Saussure, 1862
- Tribonoidea Shelford, 1908
- Zetobora Burmeister, 1838
- Zetoborella Hebard, 1921
{{div col end}}
=Genera Incertae sedis=
{{see also|Incertae sedis}}
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- Apotrogia Kirby, 1900
- Cacoblatta Saussure, 1893
- Derocardia Saussure, 1895
- Diplopterina Princis, 1963 (W. Africa)
- Elfridaia Shaw, 1925
- Eustegasta Gerstaecker, 1883
- Evea (cockroach) Shelford, 1909
- Glyptopeltis Saussure, 1873
- Gynopeltis Gerstaecker, 1869
- Hedaia Saussure & Zehntner, 1895
- Isoniscus Borg, 1902
- Kemneria Princis, 1946
- Mesoblaberus Princis, 1951
- Mioblatta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895
- Paraplecta Shelford, 1907
- Phenacisma Karsch, 1896
- Progonogamia Rehn, 1922
- Pseudogyna Shelford, 1909
- Pseudoplatia Hanitsch, 1930
- Stictomorphna Bruijning, 1948
- Thliptoblatta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895
- Thoracopygia Saussure & Zehntner, 1895
{{div col end}}
=Taxonomy note=
Among the genera of uncertain subfamily, Eustegasta, Isoniscus and Poeciloderrhis{{Cite journal |url=https://zoologia.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=12483 |title=Six new species of Poeciloderrhis from Brazil (Blattaria: Blaberidae) with a new record and a new combination |journal=Zoologia |volume=35 |pages=1–10 |access-date=3 April 2018|doi=10.3897/zoologia.35.e12483 |year=2018 |last1=De Oliveira Cardoso Da Silva |first1=Leonardo |last2=Lopes |first2=Sonia Maria |doi-access=free }} have been removed from subfamily Perisphaerinae.[https://cockroach.speciesfile.org/otus/858101/overview Cocroach Species File: Perisphaerinae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865] (retrieved 14 October 2023)
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Commons category-inline}}
- {{Wikispecies-inline}}
- {{cite web |title=Blaberinae |url=https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/76893 |website=uniprot.org |access-date=13 July 2021}}
{{Cockroach}}
{{Blattodea}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q640108}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Blaberidae}}