Blessington Street Basin
{{Short description|Former reservoir, now part of a park, central Dublin, Ireland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox body of water
| name = Blessington Street Basin
| image = File:Blessington Street Basin - The Basin.jpg
| native_name = {{native name|ga|Báisín Shráid Bhaile Coimín}}
| other_name = Royal George Reservoir (former name)
| caption = A fountain in the middle of Blessington Street Basin
| image_bathymetry =
| caption_bathymetry =
| location = County Dublin
| coords = {{coord|53|21|26|N|6|16|15|W|region:IE_type:waterbody_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| type = reservoir
| inflow =
| outflow =
| catchment =
| pushpin_map = Ireland Central Dublin#Dublin
| basin_countries = Ireland
| length = {{convert|120|m|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|60|m|abbr=on}}
| area =
| depth =
| max-depth =
| volume = {{convert|15.1|ML|acre.ft|abbr=out}}
| residence_time =
| shore =
| elevation =
| islands =
| cities =
| date-built = 1803
}}
Blessington Street Basin ({{langx|ga|Báisín Shráid Bhaile Coimín}}) is a former drinking water reservoir in northern central Dublin which operated from 1810 until the 1970s, serving the north city. It became the central feature of a public park in 1891, and this park was renewed and reopened in 1994.{{cite book|last1=O Conghaile|first1=Pol|title=Secret Dublin: An unusual guide|date=2013|publisher=JonGlez|location=France|isbn=978-2-36195-071-2|pages=32–33}}
History
=City Basin (1721)=
Dublin had one drinking water reservoir, the City Basin, at James' Street, constructed on high ground near the House of Industry on the south side of the city, from 1721.{{cite web |title=Archiseek - Irish Architecture - 1780 - Grand Canal Harbour & City Basin, St. James's Gate, Dublin |url=https://www.archiseek.com/2010/grand-canal-harbour-st-jamess-gate-dublin/ |access-date=6 January 2023 |date=10 June 2010}} The area had been used as a cistern and centre of waterworks for the city for several centuries prior with the water coming from a diversion of part of the River Dodder along what was referred to as the city watercourse at Balrothery Weir in Firhouse.
=New City Basin (1803)=
Blessington Street Basin, a new city basin, to supply the northside of the city, was constructed by Dublin Corporation beginning about 1803, and finished in 1810. The facility was opened as the Royal George Reservoir, named in honour of George III.{{sfn|Clarke|1993|page=51}}{{cite web|last1=Dublin City Public Libraries & Archive|title=Blessington Street Basin, Phibsborough|url=http://dublincitypubliclibraries.com/dublin-buildings/blessington-street-basin|website=Dublin City Public Libraries & Archive|accessdate=6 April 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413125737/http://dublincitypubliclibraries.com/dublin-buildings/blessington-street-basin|archivedate=13 April 2015}}
The water came from the Broadstone line of the Royal Canal, and so ultimately from Lough Owel in County Westmeath. It came by pipe into the basin at the western end of Blessington Street.
From its construction, the area around the reservoir was used as a park,{{cite web|last1=UCD Archaeology|title=Blessington Street Basin|url=http://www.ucd.ie/archaeology/documentstore/hc_reports/lod/Blessington_Street_Basin_Final.pdf|website=UCD Archaeology|accessdate=6 April 2015}} but it was formally developed as a public park in 1891.{{Cite web |date=2010-04-07 |title=1891 – Blessington Basin, Blessington Street, Dublin|author=Archiseek - Irish Architecture |url=https://www.archiseek.com/2010/blessington-basin-blessington-street-dublin/ |access-date=2023-02-19 |language=en}} The park project was supervised by architect Spencer Harty, and including the construction of brick walls and a lodge for a park warden.{{cite web |title=Dictionary of Irish Architects |url=https://www.dia.ie/works/view/59516/CO.+DUBLIN%2C+DUBLIN%2C+BLESSINGTON+STREET%2C+CITY+BASIN |website=www.dia.ie |access-date=29 May 2024}}
By 1869, the basin was not large enough for purpose, and water collection moved outside the city. The basin continued to serve the Jameson's and Powers' distilleries until the 1970s, and then went out of operation as a reservoir.{{cite web|last1=Cassidy|first1=Lisa|title=Blessington Street Basin, Dublin 7|url=http://builtdublin.com/blessington-street-basin-dublin-7/|website=Built Dublin|accessdate=6 April 2015}} There were worries about the stagnant water creating a typhoid outbreak in the late 1800s leading the city corporation to consider filling in the basin and the stretch of water connecting the basin to the canal; this connection was finally filled in 1956.
An artificial island was constructed in the basin to provide a home for birds.
=Refurbishment=
In 1993 work began on the restoration of the site following a rejected proposal to extensively refurbish it in 1991. The refurbishment was carried out by the Dublin City Council aided by FÁS, and with financial support from the National Heritage Council and ALONE.{{cite web|last1=Dublin City Council|title=Blessington Street Basin|url=http://www.dublincity.ie/main-menu-services-recreation-culture-dublin-city-parks-visit-park/blessington-street-basin|website=Dublin City Council|accessdate=6 April 2015}} It was reopened as a park on 4 November 1994.
File:Blessington Street Basin - The Lodge.jpg|Lodge house, built in 1811
File:Blessington Street Basin Reservoir Plaque.JPG|Plaque commemorating the opening of the park
File:Blessington Street Park (The Basin), Dublin.jpg|West entrance
File:Blessington Street Park (The Basin), Dublin 2.jpg|Plaque unveiled by David Norris in 2018, with a quote from James Joyce's Ulysses that mentions the Basin
File:20201121-DSC02246.jpg|The Iris Murdoch Commemorative Plaque erected in the Basin
File:Dublin - Blessington Street Basin - 20200927185640.jpg|Blessington Street Basin from above
Structure
The basin is rectangular, about 120 m long and 60 m wide, and holds about 4 million gallons (15.1 million litres) of water.{{cite journal|last1=Nolan|first1=Conor|title=Off the beaten track|journal=Inland Waterways News|date=2001|volume=28|issue=3|url=http://iwn.iwai.ie/v28i3/beatentrack.PDF|accessdate=6 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612153646/http://iwn.iwai.ie/v28i3/beatentrack.PDF#|archive-date=2011-06-12|url-status=dead}}
The site also includes a lodge house built in a Tudor style in 1811, and another modern council building.
=Nature=
Since its restoration, the basin now serves as a bird habitat, with an artificial island and a number of fish.{{cite web|last1=Archiseek|title=1891 – Blessington Basin, Blessington Street, Dublin|url=http://archiseek.com/2010/blessington-basin-blessington-street-dublin/|website=Archiseek|date=7 April 2010 |accessdate=6 April 2015}} Amongst the birds that can be seen there are swans, tufted ducks, chaffinches, mallards and pigeons.{{citation needed|date=February 2022}}
In fiction
The basin is one of the locations featured in the book, The Coroner's Daughter by Andrew Hughes, which was selected as the Dublin UNESCO City of Literature One City One Book for 2023.{{Cite web |last=Halpin |first=Hayley |date=12 October 2022 |title=A mystery novel set during 1816 chosen as the 2023 One Dublin One Book |url=https://www.thejournal.ie/the-coroners-daughter-one-dublin-one-book-5891774-Oct2022/ |access-date=2022-10-15 |website=TheJournal.ie |language=en}} There is a passing mention of the basin in James Joyce's Ulysses also.{{Cite book |last=Joyce |first=James |title=Ulysses |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4300/pg4300-images.html.utf8 |access-date=2023-02-19 |via=Project Gutenberg |quote="As they turned into Berkeley street a streetorgan near the Basin sent over and after them a rollicking rattling song of the halls" |language=en}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
= Sources =
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite journal |last = Clarke| first = Peter|title =The Royal Canal 1789-1993 | journal = Dublin Historical Record| volume = 46| issue = 1| pages = 46-52| publisher = Old Dublin Society| location = Dublin| date = 1993-02-17| jstor = 30101021| url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30101021}}
{{refend}}
{{Dublin Parks}}
{{Authority control}}