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Boulogne-Billancourt

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}

{{Infobox French commune

|name = Boulogne-Billancourt

|commune status = Subprefecture and commune

|image = GraphyArchy - Wikipedia 00009.jpg

|caption = La Seine Musicale on Île Seguin in the Seine

|image coat of arms = Blason ville boulogne billancourt.svg

|map = Boulogne-Billancourt map.svg

|map caption = Paris and inner ring departments

|coordinates = {{coord|48.83520|02.2409|format=dms|display=inline,title}}

|arrondissement = Boulogne-Billancourt

|canton = Boulogne-Billancourt-1 and 2

|INSEE = 92012

|postal code = 92100

|mayor = Pierre-Christophe Baguet{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=6 June 2023|language=fr}}

|party = LR

|term = 2020–2026

|intercommunality = Grand Paris

|elevation m =

|elevation min m = 28

|elevation max m = 40

|area km2 = 6.17

|population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}

|population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}

|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}

}}

Boulogne-Billancourt ({{IPA|fr|bulɔɲ bijɑ̃kuʁ|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Jules78120-Boulogne-Billancourt.wav}}; often colloquially called simply Boulogne, until 1924 Boulogne-sur-Seine, {{IPA|fr|bulɔɲ syʁ sɛn|}}) is a wealthy and prestigious commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France, located {{convert|8.2|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} from the centre of Paris. It is a subprefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine department and thus the seat of the larger arrondissement of Boulogne-Billancourt. It is also part of the Métropole du Grand Paris. Boulogne-Billancourt includes one island in the Seine: Île Seguin.

Boulogne-Billancourt is one of the wealthiest regions in the Parisian area and in France.{{cite web|url=http://www.journaldunet.com/business/salaire/boulogne-billancourt/ville-92012 |title=Salaire à Boulogne-Billancourt (92100, Hauts-de-Seine) |language=fr |publisher=JDN |access-date=20 June 2016}} Formerly an important industrial site, it has successfully reconverted into business services and is now home to major communication companies headquartered in the Val de Seine business district.

Etymology

The original name of the commune was Boulogne-sur-Seine (meaning "Boulogne upon Seine").

Before the 14th century, Boulogne was a small village called Menuls-lès-Saint-Cloud (meaning "Menuls near Saint-Cloud"). In the beginning of the 14th century, King Philip IV of France ordered the building in Menuls-lès-Saint-Cloud of a church dedicated to the virgin of the sanctuary of Boulogne-sur-Mer, then a famous pilgrimage center in northern France. The church, meant to become a pilgrimage centre closer to Paris than the distant city of Boulogne-sur-Mer, was named Notre-Dame de Boulogne la Petite ("Our Lady of Boulogne the Minor"). Gradually, the village of Menuls-lès-Saint-Cloud became known as Boulogne-la-Petite, and later as Boulogne-sur-Seine.

In 1924, Boulogne-sur-Seine was officially renamed Boulogne-Billancourt to reflect the development of the industrial neighbourhood of Billancourt annexed in 1860.

As for the name Billancourt, it was recorded for the first time in 1150 as Bullencort, sometimes also spelled Bollencort. It comes from Medieval Latin cortem, accusative of cors, meaning "enclosure", "estate", suffixed to the Germanic patronym Buolo (meaning "friend, brother, kinsman"), thus having the meaning of "estate of Buolo".

History

File:Église Notre Dame Boulogne Billancourt 1.jpg

On 1 January 1860, the City of Paris was enlarged by annexing neighbouring communes. On that occasion, the communes of Auteuil and Passy were disbanded and divided between Boulogne-Billancourt (then called Boulogne-sur-Seine) and the city of Paris. Boulogne-sur-Seine received a small part of the territory of Passy, and about half of the territory of Auteuil (including the area of Billancourt, which belonged to the disbanded commune of Auteuil).

Some of the competitive shooting events of the 1900 Summer Olympics took place in Boulogne-Billancourt.{{cite web |url=http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1900/1900.pdf |title=1900 Summer Olympics official report |page= 16 |access-date= 14 November 2010 |language=fr |publisher=La84foundation.org}}

In 1929, the Bois de Boulogne, which was hitherto divided between the communes of Boulogne-Billancourt and Neuilly-sur-Seine, was annexed in its entirety by the city of Paris. On that occasion, Boulogne-Billancourt, to which most of the Bois de Boulogne belonged, lost about half of its territory. Since then, Boulogne-Billancourt has been surrounded to the west, south and east by the Seine and to the north and north-east by the 16th arrondissement of Paris.

Boulogne-Billancourt is known for being the birthplace of three major French industries. It was the location, in 1906 for the very first aircraft factory, that of Appareils d'Aviation Les Frères Voisin,{{cite book|last1=Davilla|first1=James J.|last2=Soltan|first2=Arthur |title=French Aircraft of the First World War|publisher=Flying Machines Press|location=Mountain View, CA|year=1997|isbn=978-1891268090|page=541}} which was then followed by those of many other aviation pioneers, and the tradition continues with several aviation related companies still operating in the area.

The automobile industry had a large presence with Renault on Île Seguin, as well as Salmson building both cars and aircraft engines. Finally, the French film industry started here and, from 1922 to 1992 it was the home of the Billancourt Studios, and since becoming a major location for French film production. It was used as the setting of the TV show Code Lyoko.

Demographics

{{Historical populations

| align = none

| cols = 2

| percentages = pagr

| source = EHESS{{Cassini-Ehess|5199|Boulogne-Billancourt}} and INSEE (1968-2017)[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-92012#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE

| graph-pos = bottom

|1793 |3600

|1800 |2481

|1806 |2378

|1821 |3266

|1831 |5323

|1836 |5993

|1841 |6906

|1846 |7847

|1851 |7602

|1856 |11378

|1861 |13944

|1866 |17343

|1872 |18965

|1876 |21556

|1881 |25825

|1886 |30084

|1891 |32569

|1896 |37418

|1901 |44416

|1906 |49969

|1911 |57027

|1921 |68008

|1926 |75559

|1931 |86234

|1936 |97379

|1946 |79410

|1954 |93998

|1962 |106641

|1968 |109008

|1975 |103578

|1982 |102582

|1990 |101743

|1999 |106367

|2007 |111045

|2012 |117126

|2017 |120071

}}

Urbanism

[[File:Quartiers de Boulogne-Billancourt.png|thumb|Neighbourhoods in Boulogne-Billancourt:

{{Legend|Purple|Parchamp – Albert Kahn}}

{{Legend|Red|Les Princes – Marmottan}}

{{Legend|Yellow|Silly – Galliény}}

{{Legend|Blue|Centre-Ville}}

{{Legend|Green|Billancourt – Rives de Seine }}

{{Legend|Orange|République – Point du Jour}}]]

  • The ecologic neighbourhood of the Trapèze in Boulogne-Billancourt: the district stands on 74 hectares and will be able to house up to 18,000 inhabitants at the end of its construction. 65% of the district's energy is brought by geothermal power, which heats and freshens the buildings. Solar panels and a vegetable greenhouse were installed in the aim to link the district to sustainable energies. Bicycle and "soft" travels will of course be put first to reduce the pollution caused by cars, as well as other vehicles which do not run on electricity.{{Cite news|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2013/09/13/01016-20130913ARTFIG00538-boulogne-le-plus-grand-ecoquartier-de-france.php|title="Boulogne, le plus grand écoquartier de France"|last=Samuel|first=Mikaëla|date=13 September 2013|work=Le Figaro|access-date=12 May 2017|language=fr-FR|issn=0182-5852}}
  • The Ambroise Paré Hospital is located in the city.

Administration

With the city of Sèvres, Boulogne-Billancourt is part of the {{Lang|fr|communauté d'agglomération}} Val de Seine.

Transport

Boulogne-Billancourt is served by two stations on Paris Métro Line 10: Boulogne–Jean Jaurès and Boulogne–Pont de Saint-Cloud. It is also served by three stations on Paris Métro Line 9: Marcel Sembat, Billancourt and Pont de Sèvres.

Politics

Boulogne-Billancourt is represented by two constituencies and therefore two Members of Parliament.

class="wikitable"
colspan="2" |Constituency

!Member{{Cite web|url=https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/|title=Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français|website=Assemblée nationale}}

!Party

style="background-color: {{party color|The Republicans (France)}}" |

|Hauts-de-Seine's 9th constituency

|Elisabeth de Maistre

|The Republicans

style="background-color: {{party color|Renaissance (French political party)}}" |

|Hauts-de-Seine's 10th constituency

|Gabriel Attal

|Renaissance

Economy

Boulogne-Billancourt hosts the global headquarters of several multinational companies, including:

  • Alcatel-Lucent{{cite web | url=http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/contact-us |title=Contact Us | publisher= Alcatel-Lucent| access-date= 18 March 2015}}
  • Boursorama{{cite web |url=https://www.business-directory.fr/sites/boursorama-siege-social-adresse-et-contact/ |title=Boursorama – Siège Social, Adresse et Contact |publisher=business-directory.fr |access-date=2 May 2012}}
  • Carrefour{{cite web |url=http://www.carrefour.com/cdc/legal-infos/ |title=Legal Infos |publisher=Carrefour |access-date=3 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430132155/http://www.carrefour.com/cdc/legal-infos/ |archive-date=30 April 2012 }} "This site is published by Carrefour, a limited company (société anonyme) capitalised at €1,698,340,000, headquartered at 33, Avenue Émile Zola, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, [...]"
  • Française des Jeux{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}}
  • Pika Édition{{cite web |url=http://www.pika.fr/new/contact/faq |title=FAQ |publisher=Pika Édition |access-date=1 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222540/http://www.pika.fr/new/contact/faq |archive-date=14 June 2011 }}
  • Renault{{cite web |url=http://www.renault.com/en/Groupe/developpement-durable/fiches-sites/Pages/boulogne.aspx |title=Boulogne-Billancourt - RSAS |publisher=Renault |access-date=22 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090923150325/http://www.renault.com/en/groupe/developpement-durable/fiches-sites/pages/boulogne.aspx |archive-date=23 September 2009 }}
  • TF1 (TF1 Tower){{Citation needed|date=July 2010}}
  • Vallourec{{cite web|url=http://www.vallourec.com/hydrocarbonprocessing/EN/ContactUs/Pages/default.aspx|title=Vallourec: Contact Us|website=Vallourec|access-date=9 July 2017|archive-date=18 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818072912/http://www.vallourec.com/hydrocarbonprocessing/EN/ContactUs/Pages/default.aspx|url-status=dead}}
  • Yoplait

Prior to 2000 Schneider Electric's head office was in Boulogne-Billancourt.{{cite web |url=http://www.journaldunet.com/economie/reportage/les-sieges-sociaux-des-entreprises-du-cac-40/schneider-electric-s-est-installe-chez-une-filiale.shtml |title=Schneider-Electric s'est installé chez une filiale |language=fr |publisher=journaldunet.com |access-date=8 July 2010}}

Main sights

File:Jardin du Musée Albert-Kahn.Le village japonais 02 by Line1.JPG

File:Hôtel Ville Boulogne Billancourt 1.jpg]]

  • The Musée Albert-Kahn at 14, Rue du Port, Boulogne-Billancourt is a national museum and includes four hectares of gardens, joining landscape scenes of various national traditions. The museum also includes historic photographs and film.
  • The Musée des Années Trente is a museum of artistic and industrial objects from the 1930s.
  • The Hôtel de Ville was completed in 1934.{{Base Mérimée|PA00088077}}

Education

The public collèges (middle schools) in the commune include Jacqueline-Auriol, Bartholdi, Paul-Landowski and Jean-Renoir. The public high schools are the Lycée Jacques-Prévert and the Lycée Polyvalent Étienne-Jules-Marey."[http://www.boulognebillancourt.com/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=185?&submid=1&mpid=4&leftid=326&submid2=1&Itemid=328 L'ENSEIGNEMENT DU SECOND DEGRÉ]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20140517125028/http://www.boulognebillancourt.com/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=185?&submid=1&mpid=4&leftid=326&submid2=1&Itemid=328 Archive]). Commune of Boulogne-Billancourt. Retrieved on 16 May 2014. Prior to the September 1968 opening of Prévert, the first high school/sixth-form in Boulogne, an annex of Lycée La Fontaine served the city."[http://www.lyc-prevert-boulogne.ac-versailles.fr/spip.php?article11 Naissance du lycée] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918045716/http://www.lyc-prevert-boulogne.ac-versailles.fr/spip.php?article11 |date=2016-09-18 }}." Lycée Jacques-Prévert. Retrieved on 9 September 2016.

The private school Groupe Scolaire Maïmonide Rambam covers maternelle through lycée. There is also the private high school Notre-Dame. The latter's performance and ranking in Boulogne-Billancourt are given by its success of baccalaureate rate in different series. According to the ranking of L'Express in 2015, the national rank of Notre-Dame de Boulogne was 170 out of 2301 and 7 out of 52 at department level. The private schools Dupanloup and Saint-Joseph-du-Parchamp serve maternelle through collège. Private maternelle and élémentaire schools include Saint-Alexandre and Saint-François d’Assise. Jardin de Solférino and La Maison de l'Enfant are private maternelles."[http://www.boulognebillancourt.com/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=186?&submid=1&mpid=4&leftid=326&submid2=2&Itemid=329 L'ENSEIGNEMENT PRIVÉ]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20140517125030/http://www.boulognebillancourt.com/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=186?&submid=1&mpid=4&leftid=326&submid2=2&Itemid=329 Archive]). Commune of Boulogne-Billancourt. Retrieved on 16 May 2014.

The Association Eveil Japon (エベイユ学園 Ebeiyu Gakuen), a supplementary Japanese education programme, is located in Boulogne-Billancourt."[http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/clarinet/002/006/001/002/004.htm 欧州の補習授業校一覧（平成25年4月15日現在）]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20140330190146/http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/clarinet/002/006/001/002/004.htm Archive]). Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Retrieved on 10 May 2014. "エベイユ Association Eveil Japon 27 rue de Serves 92100Boulogne-Billancourt, France" A campus of the École supérieure des sciences commerciales d'Angers is also located in the city.

Notable people

Boulogne-Billancourt was the birthplace of:

International relations

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in France}}

Boulogne-Billancourt is twinned with:{{cite web|title=Jumelages|url=https://www.boulognebillancourt.com/ma-ville/histoire-et-patrimoine/jumelage|website=boulognebillancourt.com|publisher=Boulogne-Billancourt|language=fr|access-date=12 November 2019|archive-date=16 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200416102646/https://www.boulognebillancourt.com/ma-ville/histoire-et-patrimoine/jumelage|url-status=dead}}

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}

  • {{flagicon|ITA}} Marino, Italy
  • {{flagicon|SRB}} Pančevo, Serbia
  • {{flagicon|ISR}} Ra'anana, Israel
  • {{flagicon|USA}} Irving, United States
  • {{flagicon|TUN}} Sousse, Tunisia

{{div col end}}

See also

{{Portal|France}}

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

{{Commons category|Boulogne-Billancourt}}

{{EB1911 poster|Boulogne-sur-Seine}}

  • [http://www.boulognebillancourt.com Site officiel de Boulogne-Billancourt ] {{in lang|fr}}
  • [https://www.facebook.com/boulognebillancourt Page Facebook de Boulogne-Billancourt] {{in lang|fr}}
  • [https://www.twitter.com/ville_boulogneb Compte Twitter de Boulogne-Billancourt] {{in lang|fr}}
  • [http://mapage.noos.fr/hubert.demory/billancourt.htm History of Billancourt] {{in lang|fr}}

{{Boulogne-Billancourt}}

{{Paris Metropolitan Area}}

{{Hauts-de-Seine communes}}

{{Cities in France}}

{{1900 Summer Olympic venues}}

{{Olympic venues shooting}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Boulognebillancourt}}

Category:Arrondissement of Boulogne-Billancourt

Category:Cities in Île-de-France

Category:Communes of Hauts-de-Seine

Category:Subprefectures in France

Category:Venues of the 1900 Summer Olympics

Category:Olympic shooting venues

Category:Cities in France