Brian Bilbray

Bilbray was born in Coronado, California, and grew up in Imperial Beach, California. He graduated from Mar Vista High School, where he played on the football team as a linebacker,{{cite news|url=https://newspapers.com/image/681727435/?clipping_id=133784764|title=Bilbray: called competitor|first=Bruce|last=Smith|work=Imperial Beach Star-News|date=December 10, 1978|access-date=October 20, 2023|page=12|via=Newspapers.com}} and attended Southwestern College, a community college in Chula Vista, California.{{Cite web |last=Perloff |first=David |date=2010-12-27 |title=The Life of Brians |url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2010/12/27/the-life-of-brians/ |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=San Diego Union-Tribune |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Fiore |first=Faye |date=1998-12-12 |title=Rep. Bilbray on Horns of Vote Dilemma |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-dec-12-mn-53281-story.html |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}} He worked as a tax consultant before entering politics.

Bilbray is a cousin of former Nevada Democratic Representative James Bilbray.

An avid surfer, he has compared surfing to politics.{{cite web|url=http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/10/catchwave.html|title=Wanna Catch the Next Wave in Business?|publisher=Fast Company|date=August 31, 1997|access-date=September 4, 2010}}{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/17/magazine/the-way-we-live-now-12-17-00-salient-facts-surf-rage-rule-of-the-waves.html|work=The New York Times|title=The Way We Live Now: 12–17–00: Salient Facts: Surf Rage; Rule of the Waves|first=Andy|last=Newman|date=December 17, 2000|access-date=April 26, 2010}}

Bilbray became interested in politics when an extensive program of eminent domain was proposed for Imperial Beach. He ran successfully for the city council as a populist, serving during 1976–1978, and was mayor during 1978–1985.

As mayor, Bilbray attempted to build a yacht marina in the Tijuana Estuary and to build a 1.5 mile breakwater off the beach of Imperial Beach.[http://www.grist.org/comments/dispatches/2004/10/15/dedina/ "Terminal With Extreme Prejudice", Grist Magazine, 2004-10-15] and "Fights Break Out Over River Damming" by Lori Shein, reprinted in Language Arts High School Curriculum for the Tijuana Estuary (California State Parks) Both projects were stopped by the opposition of local surfers and environmentalists. The Tijuana River Estuary is now a National Estuarine Research Reserve and California State Park. The breakwater project was halted with the help of the then fledgling Surfrider Foundation. From 1985 to 1995, Bilbray was a member of the San Diego County Board of Supervisors.{{Cite web|title=Board of Supervisors History|url=https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/bos/boshistory.html|access-date=2020-12-28|website=www.sandiegocounty.gov}}

In 1994, Bilbray won the Republican nomination for the {{ushr|California|49|49th district}}, now the 53rd district, which included most of San Diego, and defeated freshman Democrat Lynn Schenk in the Republican landslide of that year. The 53rd was one of several marginal districts to go Republican in that cycle. Bilbray was reelected in 1996 and 1998. In 2000, he was defeated by State Assemblywoman Susan Davis. {{Citation needed|date=November 2012}}

In 2001, Bilbray registered as a federal lobbyist. His clients included San Diego Gas and Electric Company; the Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians; the San Diego Regional Airport Authority; Conquer Cancer and Alzheimer's Now; Los Angeles County; and Federation for American Immigration Reform. {{Citation needed|date=June 2012}}

Bilbray is a member of the ReFormers Caucus of Issue One.{{Cite web|url=https://www.issueone.org/reformers/|title=Issue One – ReFormers Caucus|website=www.issueone.org|language=en|access-date=2018-06-07}}

{{Main|2006 California's 50th congressional district special election}}

Bilbray ran in the 2006 special election to fill the vacancy in {{ushr|California|50|}} caused by the resignation in December 2005 of fellow Republican Duke Cunningham, who pleaded guilty to felony charges of conspiracy and tax evasion, and subsequently went to jail. In March 2005, Bilbray moved to Carlsbad, California, to take care of his mother, who owns a home there.{{cite web|url=http://www.10news.com/news/9235464/detail.html|title=Where Does Brian Bilbray Really Live?|work=10News|access-date=September 24, 2015}}

The race to assume Cunningham's seat was highly contested, especially on the Republican side, with 14 Republicans (compared with only 2 Democrats) officially running for the position. Leading up to the initial all-candidate election that would determine the parties' candidates in a runoff election, Bilbray was in a virtual tie with Republican businessman Eric Roach,{{cite web|url=http://sdpolitics.blogsome.com/2006/04/07/|title=San Diego Politics Blog :: April 2006|publisher=Sdpolitics.blogsome.com|date=February 22, 1999|access-date=September 4, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006222037/http://sdpolitics.blogsome.com/2006/04/07/|archive-date=October 6, 2010|df=mdy-all}} slightly ahead of former State Assemblyman Howard Kaloogian. Four days before the election, businessman Alan Uke, one of the major Republican candidates, ran an attack ad accusing Roach of outsourcing thousands of jobs at the expense of American workers.{{cite web|url=http://sdpolitics.blogsome.com/2006/04/07/uke-attacks-roach-for-outsourcing/#comments|title=Uke Attacks Roach for Outsourcing (April 2006)|publisher=Sdpolitics.blogsome.com|date=February 22, 1999|access-date=September 4, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708020735/http://sdpolitics.blogsome.com/2006/04/07/uke-attacks-roach-for-outsourcing/#comments|archive-date=July 8, 2011|url-status=dead}} In the initial all-party special election on April 11, 2006, Bilbray was the Republican candidate with the most votes, receiving 15% of the total vote to Roach's 15%. He then faced the top vote getters of all the other parties in a runoff election on June 6, 2006: Democrat Francine Busby, Libertarian Paul King, and William Griffith, an independent.

During the campaign, Arizona Senator John McCain canceled a planned fundraiser for Bilbray at the last minute, after Bilbray called McCain's immigration bill "amnesty" for illegal immigrants.[http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/politics/50thdistrict/20060531-9999-1mi31mccain.html "McCain Pulls out of Bilbray Fundraiser", San Diego Union-Tribune, 2006-05-31] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060614213429/http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/politics/50thdistrict/20060531-9999-1mi31mccain.html |date=June 14, 2006 }}

Bilbray won the runoff with 49% of the vote, and was sworn in on June 13, 2006, as a member of the Congress. The Republican Party considered this a bellwether race because this district had "the perfect storm in favor of the Democrats" according to Ken Mehlman, the RNC Chairman at the time of the special election. The Democratic National Committee's Voting Rights Institute raised several concerns about the fairness and accuracy of the vote count.{{cite web|last=Moore|first=Greg|title=DNC Voting Rights Institute on CA-50 Special Election| publisher=Democratic National Committee|date=July 14, 2006|url=http://www.democrats.org/a/2006/07/dnc_voting_righ.php|access-date=April 3, 2007|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070303093118/http://www.democrats.org/a/2006/07/dnc_voting_righ.php|archive-date=March 3, 2007}} An election contest lawsuit sought a hand recount.

However, Bilbray was sworn in before the vote count was official.[http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/HL0608/S00316.htm Congressional Election Nullified – Nobody Noticed], Scoop (news website), August 25, 2006 The court dismissed the suit on the basis that, once the House of Representatives had sworn in Bilbray, the court lacked jurisdiction to hear the challenge.{{Cite news|last=LaVelle|first=Philip J.|title=Judge throws out suit seeking to void election of Rep. Bilbray|newspaper=San Diego Union-Tribune|date=August 30, 2006|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/politics/20060830-9999-1mi30vote.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061029124810/http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/politics/20060830-9999-1mi30vote.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 29, 2006}}

Bilbray and Busby each won their party's primary, and faced each other again in the November general election. Bilbray defeated Busby by a margin of 54%–44%. Bilbray ran as an opponent of illegal immigration. With the advantage of incumbency and the Republican edge in registrations in the district, Bilbray was initially a clear favorite to win in November. Both the Cook Political Report and CQPolitics first rated the race as Republican Favored. But Busby gained in October, with a late-October poll by SurveyUSA showed Bilbray ahead by just 3 points, for a number of reasons: the general political climate seen as disadvantageous to the GOP, Busby's outraising Bilbray, and Bilbray's low profile campaign. On October 23, CQPolitics changed their rating to Leans Republican.{{cite news|title=Busby Rallying in Calif. 50 Months After Special Election Loss|author=Rachel Kapochunas|url=http://www.cqpolitics.com/2006/10/busby_rallying_in_calif_50_mon.html|date=October 23, 2006|publisher=CQPolitics.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061027145353/http://www.cqpolitics.com/2006/10/busby_rallying_in_calif_50_mon.html|archive-date=October 27, 2006|df=mdy-all}}

Running unopposed in the June primary, Bilbray overcame a strong challenge from Democrat Nick Leibham in the November 2008 general election. With help from the DCCC{{cite web|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20080803/news_1n3congress.html|title=Democrats say they'll make a run at Bilbray – The San Diego Union-Tribune|work=signonsandiego.com|access-date=September 24, 2015}} and $1 million in donations,{{cite web|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20081105/news_7n5house.html|title=Hunter succeeds father; Bilbray leads – The San Diego Union-Tribune|work=signonsandiego.com|access-date=September 24, 2015}} Leibham ran a string of TV attack ads against Bilbray. Democrats thought they had a chance at winning the district due to the hostile environment plaguing Republicans in general, and shifting demographics locally. Bilbray won, 50% to 46%, with 4% of the vote going to Libertarian candidate Wayne Dunlap.

{{Main|2012 United States House of Representatives elections in California#District 52}}

Due to district realignment after the 2010 census, Bilbray ran as the incumbent in the 52nd congressional district in 2012. An all-parties primary was held on June 5, 2012. A runoff between Bilbray and Port of San Diego Commissioner Scott Peters, a Democrat, was held on November 6. The initial vote was very close, so that a winner was not declared until ten days after the election as provisional ballots were counted. On November 16, with Peters ahead by 51% to 49%, Bilbray conceded defeat.{{cite news|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/news/ci_22011321/gop-rep-bilbray-loses-re-election-calif|title=GOP Rep. Bilbray loses re-election bid in Calif|last=Spagat|first=Elliot|date=November 16, 2012|work=Associated Press, cited in San Jose Mercury News|access-date=November 16, 2012}}

Since his loss to Congresswoman Susan Davis in 2000, Bilbray has maintained residences and properties in Imperial Beach, California; Alexandria, Virginia; and Carlsbad, California. In response to requests to District Attorney Bonnie Dumanis, by the local Democratic Party and neighbors of the congressman, a San Diego County grand jury was convened to investigate claims against Bilbray's declared residency for the special and general elections in 2006.{{cite news|title=Neighbor: Bilbray being investigated by grand jury|author=William Finn Bennett|url=http://nctimes.com/articles/2006/10/27/election2006/sandiego/20_50_4910_26_06.txt|date=October 26, 2006|publisher=North County Times}} The investigation was dropped in May 2007.{{Citation needed|date=June 2007}}

Questions about Bilbray's residency again arose after his reelection on November 6, 2010, when he personally, as well as his children Briana and Patrick, claimed to not live in California and not qualify for in-state tuition in a class-action lawsuit against the University of California. Brian Bilbray appeared as a named plaintiff residing in Virginia.{{Cite court |litigants = Martinez v. Regents of the University of California|court=SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, COUNTY OF YOLO|date=November 15, 2010|url=http://www.irli.org/SupCt%20CA%20MartinezvRegents%2005-2064%20COMPLNT.pdf}}

{{Expand section|date=January 2011}}

During the 109th Congress Bilbray served on the House Armed Services, Veterans Affairs and Government Reform Committees. During his first term Bilbray co-authored legislation that led to the transfer of the Mount Soledad Veteran's Memorial from the City of San Diego to the federal government. He also authored legislation that would have reformed the federal budget process.

Bilbray positioned himself as moderate on some social issues while conservative on immigration and fiscal matters.[http://www.issues2000.org/ca/Brian_Bilbray.htm Brian Bilbray on the Issues]{{cite web|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/politics/20060607-0052-7n7duke.html|title=SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Politics – Bilbray edges out Busby|work=signonsandiego.com|access-date=September 24, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905030428/http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/politics/20060607-0052-7n7duke.html|archive-date=September 5, 2008|df=mdy-all}} He is a signer of the Taxpayer Protection Pledge.[http://www.atr.org/current-taxpayer-protection-pledge-signers-th-a2851 Current Taxpayer Protection Pledge Signers] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725024055/http://www.atr.org/current-taxpayer-protection-pledge-signers-th-a2851 |date=July 25, 2011 }}

During his second run for Congress in the 50th district, Bilbray won over many of the district's most conservative voters with his hard line stance on illegal immigration. Since then Bilbray's voting record has been considerably more conservative than it was during his first term. He is a member of both the moderate Republican Main Street Partnership and the conservative Republican Study Committee, two groups with conflicting positions on policy. For example, the RMSP supports embryonic stem cell research and opposes the Federal Marriage Amendment, while the RSC opposes embryonic stem cell research and supports the FMA. He is also a member of Republicans for Choice.

Bilbray voted in agreement with President George W. Bush 93% of the time, and as a result was given a 93% Presidential Support Score by CQ Politics in 2006.{{cite web|url=http://www.cqpolitics.com/wmspage.cfm?parm1=57|title=Presidential Support Scores|publisher=CQ Politics|access-date=September 4, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081128083219/http://www.cqpolitics.com/wmspage.cfm?parm1=57|archive-date=November 28, 2008|df=mdy-all}} He served multiple terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. He represented California's 49th congressional district, which includes parts of San Diego County. He was elected to Congress in a special election in 2006 and subsequently reelected.

In October 2011, Bilbray voted for a bill that would prohibit public funding for abortions. It passed 251–172 in the House. Bilbray almost always has voted for free trade agreements in the past years, specifically with Korea, Colombia, and Panama, all of which passed. The following month, he introduced a new bill which would benefit veterans. It provides job training and internships paid for by federal grants.{{cite web|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2011/nov/05/political-notebook-initiative-could-protect-funds-/|title=Initiative to protect counties, labor confessions and a city ombudsman|date=November 5, 2011|work=The San Diego Union-Tribune|access-date=September 24, 2015}}

In 2011, he voted for the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012 as part of a controversial provision that allows the government and/or the military to indefinitely detain American citizens and others without trial.{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/ndaa-bill-how-did-your-congress-member-vote-384362|title=NDAA Bill: How Did Your Congress Member Vote?|author=Connor Adams Sheets|date=December 16, 2011|work=International Business Times|access-date=September 24, 2015}}

• Committee on Energy and Commerce
• Subcommittee on Communications and Technology
• Subcommittee on Energy and Power
• Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations

!|Year

!

!|Winner

!|Votes

!|Pct

!

!|Runner-up

!|Votes

!|Pct

!

!|3rd Party

!|Party

!|Votes

!|Pct

!

!|3rd Party

!|Party

!|Votes

!|Pct

!

|-

|1994

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |Brian Bilbray

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |90,283

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |49%

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |Lynn Schenk (inc.)

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |85,597

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |46%

|

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Chris Hoogenboom

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Libertarian

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |5,288

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |3%

|

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} |Renate M. Kline

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} |Peace and Freedom

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} align="right" |4,948

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} align="right" |3%

|

|-

|1996

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |{{nowrap|Brian Bilbray}} (inc.)

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |108,806

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |53%

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |Peter Navarro

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |86,657

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |42%

|

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Ernie Lippe

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Libertarian

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |4,218

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2%

|

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |Kevin Hambsch

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |Reform

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |3,773

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |2%

|

|-

|1998

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |{{nowrap|Brian Bilbray}} (inc.)

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |90,516

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |49%

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |{{nowrap|Christine Kehoe}}

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |86,400

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |47%

|

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Ernie Lippe

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Libertarian

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |3,327

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2%

|

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |Julia F. Simon

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |Natural Law

|{{Party shading/Independent}} align="right" |2,829

|{{Party shading/Independent}} align="right" |2%

|

|-

|2000

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |{{nowrap|Susan Davis}}

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |113,400

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |50%

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |Brian Bilbray (inc.)

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |105,515

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |46%

|

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Doris Ball

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Libertarian

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |6,526

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |3%

|

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |Tahir I. Bhatti

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |Natural Law

|{{Party shading/Independent}} align="right" |3,048

|{{Party shading/Independent}} align="right" |1%

|

|-

|2006

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |Brian Bilbray

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |78,341

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |49%

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |Francine Busby

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |71,146

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |45%

|

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |William Griffith

|{{Party shading/Independent}} |Independent

|{{Party shading/Independent}} align="right" |6,027

|{{Party shading/Independent}} align="right" |4%

|

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Paul King

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Libertarian

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2,519

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2%

|

|-

|2006

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |Brian Bilbray (inc.)

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |118,018

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |53%

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |Francine Busby

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |96,612

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |44%

|

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Paul King

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Libertarian

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |4,119

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2%

|

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} |Miriam E. Clark

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} |Peace and Freedom

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} align="right" |3,353

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} align="right" |2%

|

|-

|2008

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |Brian Bilbray (inc.)

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |157,502

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |50%

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |Nick Leibham

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |141,635

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |45%

|

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Wayne Dunlap

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Libertarian

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |14,365

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |5%

|

|

|

|

|

|

|-

|2010

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |Brian Bilbray (inc.)

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |142,247

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |57%

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |Francine Busby

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |97,818

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |39%

|

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Lars Grossmith

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Libertarian

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |5,546

|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2%

|

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} |Miriam E. Clark

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} |Peace and Freedom

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} align="right" |5,470

|{{Party shading/Peace and Freedom}} align="right" |2%

|

|-

|2012

|

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |{{nowrap|Scott Peters}}

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |151,451

|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |51%

|

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |Brian Bilbray (inc.)

|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |144,459

|{{Party shading/Republican}} |49%

|

|}

{{reflist|2}}

• [http://www.house.gov/bilbray/ U.S. Congressman Brian Bilbray] official U.S. House website
• [http://bilbrayforcongress.com/ Bilbray for Congress] official campaign website
• {{C-SPAN|36554}}
• {{CongLinks | congbio=b000461 | votesmart= | fec=H4CA49032 | congress= }}
• [http://mrmarket.blogspot.com/2006/03/surf-nazis.html Surfing Congressmen Gut Environmental Laws] Swing magazine, March 1996

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{{US House succession box

| state=California

| district=49

| before=Lynn Schenk

| after=Susan Davis

| years=1995–2001}}

{{US House succession box

| state=California

| district=50

| before=Duke Cunningham

| after=Duncan D. Hunter

| years=2006–2013}}

{{s-prec|usa}}

{{s-bef|before=Bill Lowery|as=Former US Representative}}

{{s-ttl|title=Order of precedence of the United States
{{small|as Former US Representative}}|years=}}

{{s-aft|after=Tony Cárdenas|as=Former US Representative}}

{{s-end}}

{{USCongRep-start|congresses= 104th–106th & 109th–112th United States Congress |state=California}}

{{USCongRep/CA/104}}

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{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bilbray, Brian}}

Category:1951 births

Category:Living people

Category:20th-century mayors of places in California

Category:21st-century California politicians

Category:Members of Congress who became lobbyists

Category:People from Carlsbad, California

Category:People from Chula Vista, California

Category:People from Imperial Beach, California

Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from California

Category:San Diego County Board of Supervisors members

Category:21st-century members of the United States House of Representatives

Category:20th-century members of the United States House of Representatives

Category:Southwestern College (California) alumni