Brown FK

{{Chembox

| ImageFile = Brown_FK.svg

| ImageSize = 250px

| ImageCaption = Chemicals structures of the dye components of Brown FK

| IUPACName =

| OtherNames = {{Unbulleted list

| Kipper Brown

| Chocolate Brown FK

| C.I. Food Brown 1

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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo = 8062-14-4

| ChemSpiderID = 74250

| EINECS = 617-128-3

| PubChem = 82276

| StdInChI=1S/C18H16N6O6S2.C13H14N4O3S.3Na/c19-15-9-16(20)18(24-22-12-3-7-14(8-4-12)32(28,29)30)10-17(15)23-21-11-1-5-13(6-2-11)31(25,26)27;1-8-6-13(12(15)7-11(8)14)17-16-9-2-4-10(5-3-9)21(18,19)20;;;/h1-10H,19-20H2,(H,25,26,27)(H,28,29,30);2-7H,14-15H2,1H3,(H,18,19,20);;;/q;;3*+1/p-3

| StdInChIKey = YJCJAUSWVUZMSY-UHFFFAOYSA-K

| SMILES = CC1=CC(=C(C=C1N)N)N=NC2=CC=C(C=C2)S(=O)(=O)[O-].C1=CC(=CC=C1N=NC2=CC(=C(C=C2N)N)N=NC3=CC=C(C=C3)S(=O)(=O)[O-])S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+]

}}

| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties

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| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards

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Brown FK, also called Kipper Brown, Chocolate Brown FK, and C.I. Food Brown 1, is a brown mixture of six synthetic azo dyes, with addition of sodium chloride, and/or sodium sulfate. It is very soluble in water.{{CN|date=January 2018}} When used as a food dye, its E number is E154.

It was once used in smoked and cured mackerels and other fish and also in some cooked hams and other meats. It gave a "healthy" color that did not fade during cooking, nor leach.{{CN|date=January 2018}}

It is currently not approved for use in the European Union (but was allowed to color kippers to produce orange kippers), in Australia,{{cite web | work = Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code | url=http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2011C00827 |title=Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of ingredients | date=8 September 2011 |accessdate=2011-10-27}} Austria, Canada, United States, Japan, Switzerland, New Zealand, Norway,{{cite web | url = http://www.ukfoodguide.net/e154.htm | title = E154 Brown FK | publisher = ukfoodguide.net | access-date = 2006-05-27 | archive-date = 2021-03-23 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210323175849/http://www.ukfoodguide.net/e154.htm | url-status = usurped }} and Russia.{{Cite web |url=http://www.alphavit.ru/regulations/additives/index.shtml |title=Гигиенические требования по применению . пищевых добавок : Витаминно-минеральный комплекс Алфавит |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203052102/http://www.alphavit.ru/regulations/additives/index.shtml |archive-date=2010-12-03 |url-status=dead }}

In 2011, a review by the European Food Safety Authority concluded that Brown FK was no longer used and the Authority could not conclude on the safety of the substance due to the deficiencies in the available toxicity data. Therefore, it should not be included in the Union list of approved food additives.

{{CELEX|32011R1129|text=Commission Regulation (EU) No 1129/2011 of 11 November 2011 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing a Union list of food additives}}