Bry-sur-Marne
{{Infobox French commune
|name = Bry-sur-Marne
|commune status = Commune
|image = MairieBry 5523.jpg
|caption = The town hall of Bry-sur-Marne
|image coat of arms = New-blason-Bry.jpg
|map = Bry-sur-Marne_map.svg
|map caption = Location (in red) within Paris inner suburbs
|coordinates = {{coord|48.8411|2.5222|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|arrondissement = Nogent-sur-Marne
|canton = Villiers-sur-Marne
|INSEE = 94015
|postal code = 94360
|term = 2020–2026
|intercommunality = Grand Paris
|demonym = Bryards
|elevation min m = 36
|elevation max m = 100
|area km2 = 3.35
|population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
|website = {{URL|https://www.brysurmarne.fr}}
}}
Bry-sur-Marne ({{IPA|fr|bʁi syʁ maʁn|-|Fr-Paris--Bry-sur-Marne.ogg}}, {{literal translation}} 'Bry-on-Marne') is a commune in the Val-de-Marne department in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located {{convert|12.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the centre of Paris.
Part of the Métropole du Grand Paris, on the departmental border with Seine-Saint-Denis, Bry-sur-Marne is the westernmost commune of Marne-la-Vallée.
History
=Prehistory and early history=
Bry's name comes from the Celtic word Briw, which means a bridge or a river crossing. The area has been inhabited since Neolithic times.{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.bry94.fr/bry/4.htm Official town web page on the town's history] The town's motto, which features on its coat of arms, is "Moult viel que Paris" - old French for "Much older than Paris".{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.bry94.fr/bry/6.htm Official town web page on the coat of arms]
In 1903, archeologist Adrien Mentienne uncovered the bones of a large bovine which died 15,000 years ago. In 1982, the skeleton of a woman who died in the 5th century BC was uncovered beneath the playground of a school in Bry. It is now housed in the town's [http://www.bry94.fr/bry/71.htm museum].
From that century onwards, there was a permanent human presence where Bry now stands. In 1886, a necropolis was found which contained pottery, Gaul and Frankish weaponry, silver and gold jewelry, and coins, dating from the Gaul era to the Merovingian. The first known written mention of the town named Bry was in a charter signed by King Charles the Bald in 861.
The first church was built in 1130.
=From the feudal era to modern times=
In 1404, Robert de Châtillon, cousin of King Charles VI, was Bry's feudal lord. His castle no longer stands, and its exact location is uncertain. Bry's current château was built in the 1690s. It became the town hall in 1866. It was rebuilt after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870.
The railway came to Bry in 1926, followed by the motorway (1970) and the RER (1977). The town's hospital was built in 1936.see reference note n°1
Population
{{Historical populations
|align = none
|cols = 2
|percentages = pagr
|source = EHESS{{Cassini-Ehess|5902|Bry-sur-Marne}} and INSEE (1968-2017)[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-94015#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE
|graph-pos = bottom
|1793 |425
|1800 |417
|1806 |414
|1821 |358
|1831 |379
|1836 |378
|1841 |362
|1846 |387
|1851 |412
|1856 |411
|1861 |703
|1866 |845
|1872 |917
|1876 |972
|1881 |1050
|1886 |1330
|1891 |1437
|1896 |1699
|1901 |2125
|1906 |2733
|1911 |2949
|1921 |3468
|1926 |4417
|1931 |5166
|1936 |5182
|1946 |5100
|1954 |6660
|1962 |9046
|1968 |11672
|1975 |12270
|1982 |12168
|1990 |13826
|1999 |15000
|2007 |15183
|2012 |16319
|2017 |16624
}}
Education
The commune has one public preschool, Maternelle Jules Ferry; three combined public preschools and elementary schools, La Pépinière, Paul Barilliet, and Louis Daguerre; as well as one public elementary school, Henri Cahn."[http://www.bry94.fr/-Les-ecoles-.html?lang=fr Les écoles]." Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016. The commune has a public junior high school, Collège Henri Cahn."[http://www.bry94.fr/College-Henri-Cahn.html?lang=fr Collège Henri Cahn]." Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.
The commune also has a private elementary through junior high school, Institut Saint Thomas de Villeneuve."[http://www.bry94.fr/College-Institut-Saint-Thomas-de.html?lang=fr Institut Saint Thomas de Villeneuve]." Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.
There are multiple public senior high schools in surrounding communes:
- Lycée Louis Armand (Nogent-sur-Marne)"[http://www.bry94.fr/Lycee-Louis-ARMAND-94-Nogent-sur.html?lang=fr Lycée Louis ARMAND]." Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016. The "Hôtel de Ville" is not the school address, but the address of the Bry-sur-Marne town hall.
- Lycée Hector Berlioz (Vincennes)"[http://www.bry94.fr/Lycee-Hector-Berlioz.html?lang=fr Lycée Hector Berlioz]." Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016. The "Hôtel de Ville" is not the school address, but the address of the Bry-sur-Marne town hall.
- Lycée Edouard Branly (Nogent-sur-Marne)"[http://www.bry94.fr/Lycee-Edouard-Branly.html?lang=fr Lycée Edouard Branly]." Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.
- Lycée Paul Doumer (Le Perreux-sur-Marne)"[http://www.bry94.fr/Lycee-Paul-Doumer.html?lang=fr Lycée Paul Doumer]." Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.
- Lycée Évariste Galois (Noisy-le-Grand)"[http://www.bry94.fr/Lycee-Evarist-Galois.html?lang=fr Lycée Évarist Galois]"{{sic}}. Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.
- Lycée Pablo Picasso (Fontenay-sous-Bois)"[http://www.bry94.fr/Lycee-Pablo-Picasso.html?lang=fr Lycée Pablo Picasso]"{{sic}}. Bry-sur-Marne. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.
Personalities
- Photographer Louis Daguerre died in Bry-sur-Marne in 1851 and a monument marks his grave there.
- Laurel Zuckerman, author
- Hervé Bazin, author
=Daguerre's diorama=
Bry's most treasured artwork is a diorama painted by Louis Daguerre.{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.bry94.fr/sites/bry/fichier/diaporama_diorama.pdf All about Daguerre's diorama]{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.bry94.fr/-Le-Diorama-.html About the diorama on the town's website]{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} The painting changes as each day wears on, mimicking daylight and night-time; the painted candlesticks light up at night. It is kept in the local church.
Transport
Bry-sur-Marne is served by Bry-sur-Marne station on Paris RER line A.
International relations
The town has been twinned with Sawbridgeworth in Hertfordshire, England and Moosburg an der Isar in Germany since 1973.
Organisations
The Institut national de l'audiovisuel has its headquarters in the commune."[http://www.ina.fr/statique/affiche/page/mentions-legales Mentions légales] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501000701/http://www.ina.fr/statique/affiche/page/mentions-legales |date=2011-05-01 }}." Institut national de l'audiovisuel. Retrieved on 5 May 2011. "Siège social et adresse postale : 4 avenue de l'Europe - 94366 Bry-sur-Marne cedex "
See also
{{Portal|France}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Bry-sur-Marne}}
- {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.bry94.fr/ Official town site]
- {{in lang|fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20111002234528/http://www.daguerre-bry.com/index_french.htm Bry's Association Louis Daguerre]
- {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.museedebry.fr Official Website of the Museum of Bry]
{{Marne-la-Vallée}}
{{Paris Metropolitan Area}}
{{Val-de-Marne communes}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Brysurmarne}}