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Seine-Saint-Denis

{{short description|Department of France in Île-de-France}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = {{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}}

| native_name =

| native_name_lang = fr

| type = Department of France

| image_skyline = Saint-Denis - Basilique Saint-Denis et l'abbaye -1.JPG

| image_alt =

| image_caption = Basilica of Saint-Denis

| image_flag = Proposition de drapeau fr département Seine-Saint-Denis.svg

| flag_alt =

| image_shield = Blason département fr Seine-Saint-Denis.svg

| shield_alt =

| nickname =

| motto =

| image_map = Seine-Saint-Denis-Position.svg

| map_alt =

| map_caption = Location of {{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} in France

| pushpin_map =

| pushpin_label_position =

| pushpin_map_alt =

| pushpin_map_caption =

| coordinates = {{coord|48|54|N|02|29|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:1000000_source:frwiki|display=inline,title}}

| coor_pinpoint =

| coordinates_footnotes =

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = France

| subdivision_type1 = Region

| subdivision_name1 = {{lang|fr|Île-de-France|italic=no}}

| established_title =

| established_date =

| founder =

| seat_type = Prefecture

| seat = {{lang|fr|Bobigny|italic=no}}

| parts_type = Subprefectures

| parts_style = para

| p1 = {{lang|fr|Le Raincy
Saint-Denis|italic=no}}

| government_footnotes =

| leader_party = PS

| leader_title = President of the Departmental Council

| leader_name = Stéphane Troussel{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/601ef073-d986-4582-8e1a-ed14dc857fba|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=4 May 2022|language=fr}}

| unit_pref = Metric

| area_magnitude =

| area_footnotes = {{ref|area|1}}

| area_total_km2 = 236

| area_note =

| elevation_footnotes =

| elevation_m =

| elevation_min_m =

| elevation_max_m =

| population_total = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}

| population_as_of = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}

| population_footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes2}}

| population_rank = 4th

| population_density_km2 = auto

| population_demonym =

| population_note =

| demographics_type1 = GDP

| demographics1_footnotes = {{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table | title=Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions|website=ec.europa.eu}}

| demographics1_title1 = Total

| demographics1_info1 = €66.227 billion (2021)

| demographics1_title2 = Per capita

| demographics1_info2 = €38,688 (2021)

| blank_name_sec1 = Department number

| blank_info_sec1 = 93

| blank_name_sec2 = Arrondissements

| blank_info_sec2 = 3

| blank1_name_sec2 = Cantons

| blank1_info_sec2 = 21

| blank2_name_sec2 = Communes

| blank2_info_sec2 = 39

| timezone1 = CET

| utc_offset1 = +1

| timezone1_DST = CEST

| utc_offset1_DST = +2

| postal_code_type =

| postal_code =

| area_code_type =

| area_code =

| iso_code =

| website =

| footnotes = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2

| leader_title1 = Prefect

| leader_name1 = Jacques Witkowski

}}

{{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} ({{IPA|fr|sɛn sɛ̃ d(ə)ni|audio=Seine-Saint-Denis prononciation.mp3}}) is a department of France located in the Grand Paris metropolis in the {{lang|fr|Île-de-France|italic=no}} region. In French, it is often referred to colloquially as {{lang|fr|quatre-vingt treize}} or {{lang|fr|neuf trois}} ("ninety-three" or "nine three"), after its official administrative number, 93. Its prefecture is Bobigny.

In 2019, it had a population of 1,644,903 across 39 communes.[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/6011060/dep93.pdf Populations légales 2019: 93 Seine-Saint-Denis], INSEE In French, the learned but rarely used demonym for the inhabitants of Seine-Saint-Denis is {{lang|fr|Séquano-Dionysiens}}; more common is {{lang|fr|Dionysiens}}.

Geography

The department is surrounded by the departments of Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, Paris, Val-d'Oise, and Seine-et-Marne. It is thus one of only five French departments surrounded entirely by other departments of the same region.

{{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} is located to the northeast of Paris. It has a surface area of only 236 km2 (91 sq mi), making it one of the smallest departments in France. Seine-Saint-Denis and two other small departments, {{lang|fr|Hauts-de-Seine|italic=no}} and {{lang|fr|Val-de-Marne|italic=no}}, form a ring around Paris, known as the {{lang|fr|Petite Couronne}} ("little crown"). Since 1 January 2016, together with Paris, they have formed the area of Greater Paris (Grand Paris).

frameless

=Principal towns=

The most populous commune is Saint-Denis; the prefecture Bobigny is the eleventh-most populous. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 70,000 inhabitants:

class=wikitable

! Commune

! Population (2019)

Saint-Denis

| style="text-align: center;" | 112,852

Montreuil

| style="text-align: center;" | 111,240

Aubervilliers

| style="text-align: center;" | 88,948

Aulnay-sous-Bois

| style="text-align: center;" | 86,969

Drancy

| style="text-align: center;" | 72,376

Administration

{{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} is made up of three arrondissements of France and 40 communes:

300px

{{column|num=3

|1=

Arrondissement of Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis:

  1. {{lang|fr|Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine|italic=no}}
  2. {{lang|fr|Aubervilliers|italic=no}}
  3. {{lang|fr|Saint-Denis|italic=no}}
  4. {{lang|fr|L'Île-Saint-Denis|italic=no}}
  5. {{lang|fr|Épinay-sur-Seine|italic=no}}
  6. {{lang|fr|Villetaneuse|italic=no}}
  7. {{lang|fr|Pierrefitte-sur-Seine|italic=no}}
  8. {{lang|fr|Stains|italic=no}}
  9. {{lang|fr|La Courneuve|italic=no}}

|2=

Arrondissement of Bobigny:

  2. {{lang|fr|Dugny|italic=no}}
  3. {{lang|fr|Le Bourget|italic=no}}
  4. {{lang|fr|Drancy|italic=no}}
  5. {{lang|fr|Bobigny|italic=no}}
  6. {{lang|fr|Bondy|italic=no}}
  7. {{lang|fr|Les Pavillons-sous-Bois|italic=no}}
  8. {{lang|fr|Noisy-le-Sec|italic=no}}
  9. {{lang|fr|Romainville|italic=no}}
  10. {{lang|fr|Pantin|italic=no}}
  11. {{lang|fr|Le Pré-Saint-Gervais|italic=no}}
  12. {{lang|fr|Les Lilas|italic=no}}
  13. {{lang|fr|Bagnolet|italic=no}}
  14. {{lang|fr|Montreuil|italic=no}}
  15. {{lang|fr|Rosny-sous-Bois|italic=no}}
  16. {{lang|fr|Villemomble|italic=no}}

|3=

Arrondissement of Le Raincy:

  2. {{lang|fr|Neuilly-Plaisance|italic=no}}
  3. {{lang|fr|Neuilly-sur-Marne|italic=no}}
  4. {{lang|fr|Noisy-le-Grand|italic=no}}
  5. {{lang|fr|Gournay-sur-Marne|italic=no}}
  6. {{lang|fr|Gagny|italic=no}}
  7. {{lang|fr|Le Raincy|italic=no}}
  8. {{lang|fr|Clichy-sous-Bois|italic=no}}
  9. {{lang|fr|Montfermeil|italic=no}}
  10. {{lang|fr|Coubron|italic=no}}
  11. {{lang|fr|Vaujours|italic=no}}
  12. {{lang|fr|Livry-Gargan|italic=no}}
  13. {{lang|fr|Sevran|italic=no}}
  14. {{lang|fr|Aulnay-sous-Bois|italic=no}}
  15. {{lang|fr|Le Blanc-Mesnil|italic=no}}
  16. {{lang|fr|Villepinte|italic=no}}
  17. {{lang|fr|Tremblay-en-France|italic=no}}

}}

History

{{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} was created in January 1968, through the implementation of a law passed in July 1964. It was formed from the part of the (hitherto larger) Seine department to the north and north-east of the Paris ring road (and the line of the old city walls), together with a small slice taken from {{lang|fr|Seine-et-Oise|italic=no}}.

{{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} has a history as a left-wing stronghold, belonging to the {{lang|fr|ceinture rouge}} (red belt) of Paris. The French Communist Party has maintained a continued strong presence in the department, and still controls the city councils in cities such as {{lang|fr|Saint-Denis|italic=no}}, {{lang|fr|Montreuil|italic=no}} and {{lang|fr|La Courneuve|italic=no}}. Until 2008, {{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} and {{lang|fr|Val-de-Marne|italic=no}} were the only departments where the Communist Party had a majority in the general councils but the 2008 cantonal elections saw the socialists become the strongest group at the {{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} general council (while the Communist Party gained a majority in {{lang|fr|Allier|italic=no}} and lost it in 2015).

A commune of {{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}}, {{lang|fr|Clichy-sous-Bois|italic=no}}, was the scene of the death of two youths which sparked the nationwide riots of autumn 2005. In October and November, 9,000 cars were burned and 3,000 rioters were arrested.

In 2018, the department had the highest crime rate in metropolitan France.{{Cite web|url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/15/rap-info/i1014.asp|title=N° 1014 - Rapport d'information de MM. François Cornut-Gentille et Rodrigue Kokouendo déposé en application de l'article 146-3 du règlement, par le comité d'évaluation et de contrôle des politiques publiques sur l'évaluation de l'action de l'État dans l'exercice de ses missions régaliennes en Seine-Saint-Denis|website=www.assemblee-nationale.fr|access-date=2018-07-08}} In 2017, the area was the location of 18% of all drug offences in metropolitan France.

Demographics

{{lang|fr|Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no}} is the French department with the highest proportion of immigrants: 21.7% at the 1999 census (see table below). An immigrant according to INSEE is anyone born non-French within or outside France and as such, this figure does not include people born French but with a migrant background or from overseas France. The ratio of ethnic minorities is difficult to estimate accurately as French law prohibits the collection of ethnic data for census taking purposes.

In 2018, the poverty rate was twice the national average at 28%, the unemployment rate was 3% above the national average, at 12.7%. In 2018, it was estimated that 8–20% of the population in the department were illegal immigrants.{{Cite news|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2018/07/04/01016-20180704ARTFIG00238-en-seine-saint-denis-l-etat-desempare-face-a-l-ampleur-du-nombre-de-clandestins.php|title=Immigration clandestine : la Seine-Saint-Denis débordée|date=2018-07-04|work=FIGARO|access-date=2018-07-08|language=fr-FR}}

Population development since 1881:{{historical populations|cols=2|align=none|percentages=pagr|footnote=Sources:{{Cite web|url=http://splaf.free.fr/93his.html|title=Historique de la Seine-Saint-Denis|website=Le SPLAF}}{{cite web|url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4176909?geo=DEP-93|title=Évolution et structure de la population en 2016|publisher=INSEE}}|graph-pos=bottom|29=1881|30=180,412|31=1891|32=230,992|33=1901|34=307,329|35=1911|36=411,443|37=1921|38=504,956|39=1931|40=769,315|41=1936|42=776,378|43=1946|44=730,361|45=1954|46=845,231|47=1962|48=1,083,724|49=1968|50=1,249,606|51=1975|52=1,322,127|53=1982|54=1,324,301|55=1990|56=1,381,197|57=1999|58=1,382,861|59=2006|60=1,491,972|61=2011|62=1,529,928|63=2016|64=1,606,660}}

= Education =

An education study confirmed falling levels of literacy in the area, where the percentage of pupils who had 25 errors or more increased from 5.4% in 1987 to 19.8% in 2015.

=Place of birth of residents=

{{France immigration

|collectivity_name=Seine-Saint-Denis

|census_year=1999

|metropolitan_France=72.5

|outside_metropolitan_France=27.5

|overseas_France=3.1

|foreign_French= 2.7

|EU-15=4.4

|non-EU-15=17.3

}}

Politics

The president of the Departmental Council is Stéphane Troussel, first elected in 2012.

= Presidential elections 2nd round =

class="wikitable"
colspan="2"|ElectionWinning CandidateParty%2nd Place CandidateParty%
style="background-color: {{party color|La République En Marche!}}" |

| 2022{{cite web | url=https://www.france24.com/fr/france-2022-election-presidentielle-second-tour-resultats | title=Les résultats du second tour de l'élection présidentielle | date=19 April 2022 }}

| Emmanuel Macron

| LREM

| 73.72

| Marine Le Pen

| FN

| 26.28

style="background-color: {{party color|La République En Marche!}}" |

| 2017{{cite web | url=https://www.interieur.gouv.fr/Elections/Les-resultats/Presidentielles | title=Présidentielles }}

| Emmanuel Macron

| LREM

| 78.82

| Marine Le Pen

| FN

| 21.18

style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (France)}}" |

| 2012

| François Hollande

| PS

| 65.32

| Nicolas Sarkozy

| UMP

| 34.68

style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (France)}}" |

| 2007

| Ségolène Royal

| PS

| 56.54

| Nicolas Sarkozy

| UMP

| 43.46

style="background-color: {{party color|Rally for the Republic}}" |

| 2002

| Jacques Chirac

| RPR

| 82.56

| Jean-Marie Le Pen

| FN

| 17.44

style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (France)}}" |

| 1995{{cite web | url=https://www.politiquemania.com/presidentielles-1995-departement.html | title=Résultats de l'élection présidentielle de 1995 par département - Politiquemania }}

| Lionel Jospin

| PS

| 51.84

| Jacques Chirac

| RPR

| 48.16

=Current National Assembly Representatives=

File:Circonscriptions de Seine-Saint-Denis - 2012.svg

class="wikitable"
colspan="2"|ConstituencyMember{{Cite web|url=https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/|title=Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français|first=Assemblée|last=Nationale|website=Assemblée nationale}}Party
style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 1st constituency

| Éric Coquerel

| La France Insoumise

style="background-color: {{party color|French Communist Party}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 2nd constituency

| Stéphane Peu

| French Communist Party

style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 3rd constituency

| Thomas Portes

| La France Insoumise

style="background-color: {{party color|French Communist Party}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 4th constituency

| Soumya Bourouaha

| French Communist Party

style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 5th constituency

| Raquel Garrido

| La France Insoumise

style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 6th constituency

| Bastien Lachaud

| La France Insoumise

style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 7th constituency

| Alexis Corbière

| La France Insoumise

style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (France)}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 8th constituency

| Fatiha Keloua Hachi

| Socialist Party

style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 9th constituency

| Aurélie Trouvé

| La France Insoumise

style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 10th constituency

| Nadège Abomangoli

| La France Insoumise

style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 11th constituency

| Clémentine Autain

| La France Insoumise

style="background-color: {{party color|La France Insoumise}}" |

| Seine-Saint-Denis's 12th constituency

| Jérôme Legavre

| La France Insoumise

Tourism

File:Louis XVI et Marie-Antoinette.jpg|Memorial to King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette in Basilica of St Denis

File:Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace.jpg|Aerospace Museum in {{lang|fr|Le Bourget|italic=no}}

File:Finale Coupe de France 2010-2011 (Lille LOSC vs Paris SG PSG).jpg|{{lang|fr|Stade de France|italic=no}}

File:Sevran - Canal de l Ourcq 4.jpg|{{lang|fr|Canal de l'Ourcq|italic=no}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • {{cite news |last=Bédarida |first=Catherine |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/vous/article/2008/09/29/seine-saint-denis-naissance-d-un-ghetto_1100152_3238.html |title=Seine-Saint-Denis, naissance d'un ghetto |trans-title=Seine-Saint-Denis, birth of a ghetto |work=Le Monde |date=29 September 2008 }}
  • {{Cite news |last=Hurtes |first=Sarah |date=2024-07-20 |title=The Olympics Is Transforming Their Neighborhood. And Kicking Them Out. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/20/world/europe/france-paris-immigration-homeless-olympics.html |access-date=2024-08-03 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US}}
  • {{cite web |last=Kefi |first=Ramses |url=http://rue89.nouvelobs.com/2015/01/30/pourquoi-toujours-9-3-257397 |title=Pourquoi toujours le 9-3 ? |trans-title=Why is it always Seine-Saint-Denis? |work=L'Obs |date=30 January 2015 }}

External links

{{Commons and category|Seine-Saint-Denis|Seine-Saint-Denis}}

  • [https://seinesaintdenis.fr/ Seine-Saint-Denis Departmental Council] {{in lang|fr}}
  • [http://www.seine-saint-denis.gouv.fr/ Prefecture website] {{in lang|fr}}
  • [https://uk.tourisme93.com/ Seine-Saint-Denis Tourist Board]

{{Departments of France}}

{{Seine-Saint-Denis communes}}

{{Olympic venues swimming}}

{{Olympic venues diving}}

{{Olympic venues synchronized swimming}}

{{2024 Summer Olympic Venues}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:1968 establishments in France

Category:Departments of Île-de-France

Category:Venues of the 2024 Summer Olympics

Category:Olympic swimming venues

Category:Olympic diving venues

Category:States and territories established in 1968