Bubur ayam
{{Short description|Southeast Asian rice porridge served with chicken meat and various type of condiments}}
{{Infobox food
| name = Bubur ayam
| image = Bubur ayam chicken porridge.JPG
| image_size = 250px
| alternate_name =
| caption = Bubur ayam or chicken congee
| country = Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore{{cite book| title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture| editor-first1=Bruce| editor-last1=Kraig| editor-first2=Colleen Taylor| editor-last2=Sen| isbn=978-1598849547| publisher=ABC-CLIO| date=2013}}
| region = Southeast Asia
| creator =
| course = Main, usually for breakfast or late night supper
| served = Hot
| main_ingredient = Rice congee with chicken
| variations =
| calories =
| other =
}}
Bubur ayam (Indonesian and Malay for "chicken congee") is a chicken congee dish served in Southeast Asia. It is rice congee with shredded chicken meat served with some condiments, such as chopped scallion, crispy fried shallot, celery, tongcay or chai poh (preserved vegetables), fried soybean, crullers (youtiao, known as cakwe in Indonesia and cakoi in Malaysia), both salty and sweet soy sauce, and sometimes topped with yellow chicken broth and kerupuk (Indonesian-style crackers). Unlike many other rice dishes, the dish is not spicy as the sambal or chili paste is often served separately. It is a favourite breakfast food, served by humble travelling vendors, warung (small local shops), fast food establishments, and five-star hotel restaurants. Travelling bubur ayam vendors frequently pass through residential streets in the morning selling the dish.{{cite book| title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture| editor-first1=Bruce| editor-last1=Kraig| editor-first2=Colleen Taylor| editor-last2=Sen| isbn=978-1598849547| publisher=ABC-CLIO| date=2013}}{{cite book| last1=Tan| first1=M G| title=Etnis Tionghoa Di Indonesia: Kumpulan Tulisan| publisher=Yayasan Obor Indonesia| year=2008 |isbn=978-9794616895 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8HP9K-GOds8C&pg=PT115| page=115}}
Origin and variations
File:Bubur Ayam Travelling Vendor 1.JPG cart frequents residential areas every morning in Jakarta.]]
The origin of bubur ayam was derived from Chinese chicken congee. The traces of Chinese cuisine influences are the use of cakwe (youtiao), tongcay or chai poh and soy sauce.{{Cite web |last=Media |first=Kompas Cyber |date=2022-08-23 |title=Resep Bubur Ayam China, Sajikan Bersama Tongcai |url=https://www.kompas.com/food/read/2022/08/23/210700375/resep-bubur-ayam-china-sajikan-bersama-tongcai |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=KOMPAS.com |language=id}} Bubur ayam employs a wide range of poultry products, such as shredded chicken meat for the main dish and many other dishes made with chicken offal as side delicacies. Bubur ayam is often eaten with the addition of boiled chicken egg, chicken liver, gizzard, intestines and uritan (premature chicken eggs acquired from butchered hens), served as satay. There are some variants of bubur ayam, such as bubur ayam Bandung and bubur ayam Sukabumi, both from West Java.{{cite web |url=http://www.streetdirectory.com/restaurants/jakarta/reviews/restaurant-bubur_ayam_sukabumi-231.php |title=Bubur Ayam Sukabumi |author=Dina Indrasafitri |publisher=Street Directory.com |access-date=2 June 2012}} The later variant uses raw telur ayam kampung (lit. "village chicken egg", i.e. free-range eggs) buried under the hot rice congee to allow the egg to be half-cooked, with the other ingredients on top of the rice congee.{{cite web |url=http://food.detik.com/read/2011/04/07/142010/1610931/288/unik-lezat-bubur-ayam-manyar |title=Unik Lezat, Bubur Ayam Manyar |author=Eka Septia Wulan |date=7 April 2011 |publisher=detikFood.com |access-date=2 June 2012}} The recipe and condiments of bubur ayam served by travelling vendors and warung are also slightly different with those served in fast food establishments or hotel restaurants.
Because this food is always served hot and with a soft texture, like soto ayam and nasi tim, bubur ayam is known as comfort food in Indonesian culture. The soft texture of the rice congee and boneless chicken also makes this dish suitable for young children or adults in convalescence. Because of its popularity, bubur ayam has become one of the Asia-inspired fast food menu items at McDonald's Indonesia{{cite web|url=http://www.mcdonalds.co.id/menu/item/55?ref=12|title=Bubur Ayam|publisher=McDonald's Indonesia|access-date=20 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403154711/http://mcdonalds.co.id/menu/item/55?ref=12|archive-date=3 April 2018|url-status=dead}} and Malaysia,{{cite web |url=http://www.cnngo.com/explorations/eat/asian-fast-food-504778 |title=Happy Meals: 10 Asia-inspired fast food menu items |author=Michelle Woo |date=11 December 2009 |publisher=CNNGO.com |access-date=2 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515105350/http://www.cnngo.com/explorations/eat/asian-fast-food-504778 |archive-date=2012-05-15 |url-status=dead }} and also at Kentucky Fried Chicken Indonesia.{{cite web |url=http://www.kfcindonesia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=316 |title=Bubur Ayam |publisher=KFC Indonesia |access-date=2 June 2012 |archive-date=13 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090813210556/http://www.kfcindonesia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=316 |url-status=dead }} Although almost all recipes of bubur ayam use rice, a new variation, called bubur ayam havermut, replaces rice with oats.{{cite web |url=http://www.tribunnews.com/2012/04/28/bubur-ayam-havermut-nikmat-dan-bergizi |title=Bubur Ayam Havermut Nikmat dan Bergizi |date=28 April 2012 |publisher=Tribunnews.com |language=id | access-date=2 June 2012}} In grocery stores, bubur ayam is also available as instant food, requiring only the addition of hot water.{{cite web |url=http://www.asiangrocerystore.com.au/super-bubur-chicken-instant-porridge.html |title=Super Bubur Chicken - Instant Porridge |publisher=Asian Grocery Store|access-date=2 June 2012}}
Gallery
File:Bubur Ayam Eggs Satay.JPG| Bubur ayam with premature chicken egg satay, sold in a warung in Jakarta.
File:Bubur Ayam Travelling Vendor 5.JPG| Bubur ayam with chicken liver satay, a popular street food in Indonesia.
File:Bubur ayam di Solo.JPG| Bubur ayam served in Solo, Central Java.
File:Congee at McDonald's.jpg| Fast food Buryam, a bubur ayam served in McDonald's Indonesia.
File:Bubur ayam Bali.jpg| Bubur ayam served for breakfast in a hotel in Bali.
See also
{{Portal|Food|Indonesia}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{commons category|Bubur ayam}}
- [http://resepmasakanindonesia.idcc.info/bubur-ayam-sukabumi-2.htm Bubur Ayam Sukabumi recipe] (in Indonesian)
- [http://carapedia.com/bubur_ayam_bandung_info372.html Bubur Ayam Bandung recipe] (in Indonesian)
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070834/http://www.infojakarta.my.id/2015/06/kuliner-unik-yang-terkenal-di-jakarta.html Bubur Ayam Jakarta recipe] (in Indonesian)
{{Rice dishes}}
{{Chicken dishes}}
{{Indonesian cuisine}}
{{Street food}}
Category:Indonesian chicken dishes
Category:Indonesian Chinese cuisine