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Bulungan language

{{Short description|Austronesian language of Indonesia}}

{{Infobox language

|name = Bulungan

|nativename =

|states = Indonesia

|region = North Kalimantan

|ethnicity = Bulungan

|speakers = 30,000

|date = 2002

|ref = e25

|familycolor = Austronesian

|fam2 = Malayo-Polynesian

|fam3 = Greater North Borneo (?)

|fam4 = Sabahan (?)

|iso3 = blj

|glotto = bolo1268

}}

The Bulungan language, also known as Bolongan and Bulongan (both are archaic), is an Austronesian language spoken in Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan. The language was the court language of the Bulungan Sultanate. The classification of this language is not clear. Glottolog places it in the Sabahan group.{{Cite web|title=Glottolog 4.5 - Bolongan|url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/bolo1268|website=glottolog.org|access-date=2022-01-09}}{{Cite web|title=Unclassified|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/unclassified-8|website=Ethnologue|language=en|access-date=2022-01-09}}

Spread

The Bulungan language is predominantly spoken in eight villages in Bulungan Regency, namely:{{Cite book|last1=Arifin|first1=M. Bahri|last2=Rijal|first2=Syamsul|date=2019|title=Bahasa Daerah di Kalimantan Utara|location=Yogyakarta|publisher=Istana Agency|isbn=978-623-7313-24-3}}

Phonology

class="wikitable"

|+ Consonants{{sfn|Adul|1985|p=23}}

!

! Labial

! Alveolar

! Palatal

! Velar

! Uvular

! Glottal

Stop

| {{IPAlink|p}} {{IPAlink|b}}

| {{IPAlink|t}} {{IPAlink|d}}

| {{IPAlink|c}} {{IPAlink|ɟ}}

| {{IPAlink|k}} {{IPAlink|ɡ}}

|

| {{IPAlink|ʔ}}

Fricative

|

| {{IPAlink|s}}

|

|

|

| {{IPAlink|h}}

Nasal

| {{IPAlink|m}}

| {{IPAlink|n}}

| {{IPAlink|ɲ}}

| {{IPAlink|ŋ}}

|

|

Lateral

|

| {{IPAlink|l}}

|

|

|

|

Trill

|

|

|

|

| {{IPAlink|ʀ}}

|

Semivowel

| {{IPAlink|w}}

| {{IPAlink|j}}

|

|

|

|

class="wikitable"

|+Vowels{{sfn|Adul|1985|p=22}}

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

High

|{{IPA link|i}}

|

|{{IPA link|u}}

Mid

|{{IPA link|e}}

|{{IPA link|ə}}

|{{IPA link|o}}

Low

|

|{{IPA link|a}}

|

Words are stressed on the penultimate syllable, regardless of its structure: mendus 'to bath', mendusna 'go bath now!'.{{sfn|Adul|1985|p=31}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Sources

  • {{Cite book|last=Adul|first=M. Asfandi|date=1985|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/3852/1/struktur%20bahasa%20bulungan%20%20%20115h.pdf|title=Struktur Bahasa Bulungan|location=Jakarta|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa}}

{{Languages of Indonesia}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bulungan}}

Category:Languages of North Kalimantan

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