Céline Sciamma
{{short description|French director and screenwriter}}
{{use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
|name = Céline Sciamma
|image = Céline Sciamma 2017.jpg
|caption = Sciamma in 2017
|birth_name =
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1978|11|12|df=y}}
|birth_place = Pontoise, Val-d'Oise, France
|nationality = French
|occupation = Filmmaker
|alma_mater = La Fémis
|years_active = 2004–present
}}
Céline Sciamma ({{IPA|fr|selin sjama|lang}};{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDKk3RQGEGI|title=L'interview popcorns de Celine Sciamma|work=SensCritique|date=18 September 2019|accessdate=17 January 2020}} born 12 November 1978) is a French screenwriter and film director. She wrote and directed Water Lilies (2007), Tomboy (2011), Girlhood (2014), Portrait of a Lady on Fire (2019), and Petite Maman (2021). Sciamma has received various awards and nominations for her films, including two BAFTA nominations for Best Film Not in the English Language.
A common theme in Sciamma's films is the fluidity of gender, sexual identity among girls and women, and female gaze.
Early life and education
Sciamma was born on 12 November 1978{{cite web |title=Céline Sciamma : biographie, actualités et émissions France Culture |url=https://www.franceculture.fr/personne/celine-sciamma |website=France Culture |access-date=20 May 2019 |language=fr}} and raised in Cergy-Pontoise, a suburb outside of Paris.{{cite web|last1=Romney|first1=Jonathan|title=The stars of Girlhood: 'Our poster is all over Paris, with four black faces on it…'|website=TheGuardian.com|date=26 April 2015|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/apr/26/girlhood-film-karidja-toure-assa-sylla-celine-sciamma|access-date=27 April 2015}} Her father, Dominique Sciamma, is a software engineer, and her brother, Laurent Sciamma, is a stand-up performer and graphic designer.{{cite news|last1=Branquart|first1=Victor|title=Laurent Sciamma : meilleur espoir|url=http://www.standardmagazine.com/laurent-sciamma|work=Standard Magazine|date=7 May 2012|access-date=13 November 2018|archive-date=24 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124112019/http://www.standardmagazine.com/laurent-sciamma|url-status=dead}}
Before attending La Fémis, the première French film school, where she studied from 2001 to 2005, Sciamma earned her master's degree in French Literature at Paris Nanterre University.{{cite web|last1=Jenkins|first1=David|title=Celine Sciamma:interview|url=https://www.timeout.com/london/film/caline-sciamma-interview|work=TimeOut London|access-date=14 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114130216/https://www.timeout.com/london/film/caline-sciamma-interview|archive-date=14 January 2020|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|title=Céline Sciamma {{!}} Berlinale Talents|url=https://www.berlinale-talents.de/bt/expert/view/2299|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.berlinale-talents.de}} As a child, she was an avid reader and became interested in film as a teenager. Sciamma cites her grandmother as inspiration to her love of film, saying that she had a great interest in old Hollywood movies. Sciamma also attended Utopia, an art house cinema theater in Cergy three times a week as a teenager. She wrote her first original script for Water Lilies as part of her final evaluation at La Fémis. Sciamma has stated that she never planned on directing, and that she has thought only about screenwriting or working as a critic. {{Cite web|date=2021-11-14|title=Céline Sciamma: 'My films are always about a few days out of the world'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/nov/14/celine-sciamma-petite-maman-interview-girlhood-portrait-lady-fire|access-date=2021-12-07|website=the Guardian|language=en}} Xavier Beauvois, who was chairman of the evaluation panel, and could be considered as her mentor, persuaded her to make the film.{{cite web|last1=Lambies|first1=Josep|title=Céline Sciamma talks 'Tomboy'|date=7 May 2013 |url=https://www.timeout.com/barcelona/film/celine-sciamma-talks-tomboy|access-date=13 November 2018}} A year after finishing school, she began shooting the film in her hometown.{{cite web|last1=Hunt|first1=Rosy|title= Interview With Céline Sciamma|date=15 September 2011|url=http://takeonecinema.net/2011/interview-with-celine-sciamma/|access-date= 13 November 2018}}
Career
=== 2004–2014: Early films and acclaim ===
Sciamma started her career writing the short films Les Premières Communions (2004) and Cache ta joie (2006). Sciamma made her feature film debut, Water Lilies, which was released in 2007. The French title, "Naissance des Pieuvres," translates to "Birth of the Octupuses," but was altered for the international release.Silverstein, Melissa. In Her Voice Women Directors Talk Directing. Open Road Distribution, 2015. The film's script was Sciamma's senior project at La Fémis, although when she wrote it, Sciamma did not intend to direct it.Wilson, Emma. Céline Sciamma: Portraits. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. The film, shot in Cergy, France, a Parisian suburb, explores the world of synchronized swimming. Based on Sciamma's own encounter with the sport, the film's protagonist explores her burgeoning sexuality and attraction to the team's captain.Wood, Jason, . Last Words: Considering Contemporary Cinema. Columbia University Press, 2014, {{doi|10.7312/wood17196}} features an interview with Sciamma Water Lilies was selected for screening in the section Un certain regard at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival. It also won the Louis Delluc award for a first film. The film secured three nominations for the 2008 César Awards; Sciamma was nominated for the César Award for Best Debut, and actresses Adèle Haenel and Louise Blachère were both nominated for the César Award for Most Promising Actress.{{Cite web |title=Céline Sciamma |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1780037/ |access-date=2022-11-17 |website=IMDb |language=en-US}}
Sciamma directed her first short film, Pauline, in 2009 as part of a government anti-homophobia campaign called ‘Five films against homophobia’.
Her 2011 film Tomboy was written and shot in a matter of months.{{cite web|last1=Silverstein|first1=Melissa|title=Interview with Celine Sciamma: Writer/Director of Tomboy BLOGS|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/womenandhollywood/interview-with-celine-sciamma-writer-director-of-tomboy|access-date=13 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914024556/http://blogs.indiewire.com/womenandhollywood/interview-with-celine-sciamma-writer-director-of-tomboy|archive-date=14 September 2014|url-status=dead}} Sciamma wrote the script in three weeks, completed casting in three weeks, and shot the film in 20 days. It premiered at the 61st Berlin International Film Festival in the Panorama section of the festival, and won the Teddy award for films with queer topics. The film was shown in French schools as part of an educational program. Sciamma worked on TV series Les Revenants (2012) for a year and a half. She has said in interviews that she wants to direct serial television series.
Her 2014 film Girlhood was selected to be screened as part of the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival.{{cite web |url=http://www.screendaily.com/festivals/cannes/cannes-directors-fortnight-2014-lineup-unveiled/5070844.article |title=Cannes Directors' Fortnight 2014 lineup unveiled |access-date=26 April 2014 |work=Screendaily}} It also played at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival and the 2015 Sundance Film Festival. In interviews, Sciamma said that Girlhood would be her last coming-of-age film and that she considered it, Water Lilies and Tomboy a trilogy.{{cite news|last1=Blay|first1=Zeba|title=Interview: 'Girlhood' Director Celine Sciamma on Race, Gender & the Universality of the Story|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/interview-girlhood-director-celine-sciamma-on-race-gender-the-universality-of-the-story-20150206|access-date=7 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208121213/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/interview-girlhood-director-celine-sciamma-on-race-gender-the-universality-of-the-story-20150206|archive-date=8 February 2015|url-status=dead}} The film, a coming-of-age film about a young woman who leaves school and joins a gang, received criticism for centering Black experiences and featuring a mostly Black cast but being directed and made by a mostly white crew.
=== 2015–present ===
Since 2015 and {{as of|lc=yes|2022}} Sciamma continues to serve as the co-president of the SRF (Society of Film Directors).{{cite web| title=Nouveau Conseil d'administration de la Société des réalisateurs de films 2017-2018|url=http://www.la-srf.fr/tags/documentaire|access-date=14 November 2018}} In between directing her own films, Sciamma continues to work as a screenwriter for other directors. She was sought after by André Téchiné, whose work Sciamma admired as a youth, to co-write the screenplay for his 2016 film Being 17.{{cite web|last1=Kopiejwski|first1=Faustine|title="Quand on a 17 ans": Céline Sciamma au scénario du nouveau film d'André Téchiné|url=http://cheekmagazine.fr/culture/cinema-celine-sciamma-quand-on-a-17-ans/|work=CheekMagazine|access-date=14 November 2018}} She also adapted the novel Ma Vie de Courgette (My Life as a Courgette) into a screenplay for a stop-motion animated film.
In June 2017, Sciamma was invited to become a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.{{Cite web |last=Kilday |first=Gregg |date=2017-06-28 |title=Academy Invites Record 774 New Members: 39 Percent Female and 30 Percent People of Color |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/academy-invites-record-774-new-members-39-percent-female-30-percent-people-color-1017318/ |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}
Sciamma's fourth feature film, Portrait of a Lady on Fire, began shooting in autumn 2018.{{cite web|last1=Goodfellow|first1=Melanie|title=mk2 launches sales on Céline Sciamma's 'Portrait of A Lady On Fire', Porumboiu's 'The Passenger' (exclusive)|url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/mk2-launches-sales-on-celine-sciammas-portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-porumboius-the-passenger-exclusive/5132022.article|work=Screendaily|access-date=13 November 2018}} It premiered in Competition at the 2019 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Queer Palm and Best Screenplay. David Sims of The Atlantic praised the film writing, "It’s a film about the deeply personal process of creativity—the pain and joy of making one’s emotions and memories into a work of art. The film is a grand leap forward for Sciamma, already one of France’s most exciting emerging directors. For me, it is the most enthralling cinema experience of the year."{{cite web|url= https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2019/12/review-portrait-lady-fire-celine-sciamma/603010/|title= The Most Enthralling Movie of the Year|website= The Atlantic|date= 4 December 2019|accessdate= September 4, 2023}}
Sciamma then shot her fifth feature, Petite Maman, in the fall of 2020 and it premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival in March 2021.{{cite web|last=Kleinmann|first=James|date=4 March 2021|title=Berlin Film Festival 2021 Review: Petite Maman ★★★★1/2|url=https://thequeerreview.com/2021/03/03/berlin-film-festival-2021-review-celine-sciamma-petite-maman/|access-date=1 December 2021|website=The Queer Review|language=en-US}} It also screened at the 2021 San Sebastián International Film Festival, where it won the Audience Award.{{Cite web|title=San Sebastian Film Festival|url=https://www.sansebastianfestival.com:443/2021/sections_and_films//7/691048/in|access-date=2022-01-09|website=sansebastianfestival}} That year she also co-wrote the 2021 film Paris, 13th District alongside Jacques Audiard and Léa Mysius.{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2020/film/global/jacques-audiard-les-olympiades-celine-sciamma-1234780579/|title=Jacques Audiard's New Film 'Les Olympiades' Shooting Near Paris With Celine Sciamma Co-Writing (EXCLUSIVE)|website=Variety|first=Elsa|last=Keslassy|date=23 September 2020|access-date=9 October 2020}}
Style and themes
Sciamma frequently collaborates with Para One, who has scored all her films and directed scripts by Sciamma in the past.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}} She frequently collaborates with cinematographer Crystel Fournier, who worked on Sciamma's Girlhood trilogy, among others.{{cite web|last1=Barbier|first1=Brigitte|title=La directrice de la photographie Crystel Fournier, AFC, parle de son travail sur "Bande de filles", de Céline Sciamma|url=https://www.afcinema.com/La-directrice-de-la-photographie-Crystel-Fournier-AFC-parle-de-son-travail-sur-Bande-de-filles-de-Celine-Sciamma.html?lang=fr|access-date=13 November 2018}}
She is noted for casting non-professional actors in her films, and also frequently casts Adèle Haenel, who appeared in Water Lilies, Pauline, and Portrait of a Lady on Fire.
Sciamma has said that fashion and style form an important part of characterisation, which is why, though uncredited, she is often the costume designer for her films.{{cite web|last1=Phillips|first1=Mariah|title='Girlhood' director Celine Sciamma talks Paris, friendship, and colorful storytelling|url=https://tribecafilm.com/stories/girlhood-director-celine-sciamma-talks-paris-frien|access-date=8 May 2015|archive-date=27 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227103827/https://www.tribecafilm.com/stories/girlhood-director-celine-sciamma-talks-paris-frien|url-status=dead}}
Sciamma has cited David Lynch as a heavy influence, along with seeing Virginia Woolf as "the greatest novelist" and Chantal Akerman as "one of the most important filmmakers".{{cite web|last1=Dozol|first1=Vincent|title=Céline Sciamma: The French Director Winning Over U.S. Critics|date=13 February 2020|url=https://france-amerique.com/en/celine-sciamma-the-french-director-winning-over-u-s-critics/|access-date=15 April 2020}}
Sciamma has spoken about the metaphorical purpose of using synchronized swimming in Water Lillies, which she claims "reveals a lot about the job of being a girl," due to the tension between athleticism and feminine aesthetics.
A common theme in Sciamma's films is the fluidity of gender and sexual identity among girls and women.Palmer, Tim (2011). Brutal Intimacy: Analyzing Contemporary French Cinema, Wesleyan University Press, Middleton CT. {{ISBN|0-8195-6827-9}}. Her films look at lesbianism and queerness, and how this is represented on screen. She focuses on the idea of the body, and how touch is related to it within cinema.{{Cite journal|last=Belot|first=Sophie|date=2012-05-08|title=Céline Sciamma's La Naissance des pieuvres (2007): Seduction and be-coming|url=http://openurl.ingenta.com/content/xref?genre=article&issn=1471-5880&volume=12&issue=2&spage=169|journal=Studies in French Cinema| language=en| volume=12| issue=2| pages=169–184| doi=10.1386/sfc.12.2.169_1|s2cid=194051018}} Sciamma’s notable in her thematic elements for female gaze, and many scholars have cited her as a pioneer for creating a new way of seeing women in media. She also likes to conceptualise the idea of ‘looking’, using Russian nesting dolls as a metaphor of "looking within looking".
Sciamma also regularly examines themes of family including broken families, bereavement, and adoption (Wilson). By focusing on coming-of-age narratives, she examines autonomy of children and teenagers, especially in terms of gender and sexuality. Her films often capture children without their parents, and documents their metamorphosis and imagination onscreen. She is interested in their subjugation and autonomy.
Sciamma does not believe in the idea of a muse for her pieces, and despite her personal relationship with Haenel, says that the relationships on screen are of collaboration and subversion, not fascination.
Sciamma focuses on identity and representation in film, such as black identity in Girlhood, and motherhood identity in Petite Maman.{{Cite web|last=Bramowitz|first=Julie|date=2015-01-30|title=Céline Sciamma's Newest Film, Girlhood, Changes the Face of the Coming-of-Age Story|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/girlhood-movie-celine-sciamma-changes-coming-of-age-story|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-07|website=Vogue|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511155222/http://www.vogue.com:80/article/girlhood-movie-celine-sciamma-changes-coming-of-age-story |archive-date=2017-05-11 }}{{Cite web|last=gwendolyn-smith|date=2021-11-18|title=Céline Sciamma: 'Imagine waiting all your life to feel seen'|url=https://inews.co.uk/culture/film/celine-sciamma-petite-maman-portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-imagine-waiting-all-your-life-to-feel-seen-1305896|access-date=2021-12-07|website=inews.co.uk|language=en}}
Activism
Sciamma is a feminist.{{cite web|last1=Hatim|first1=Houssam|title=Céline Sciamma, ou le cinéma au centre de la lutte féministe|url=https://telquel.ma/2018/03/21/rencontre-celine-sciamma-le-cinema-danimation-au-centre-de-la-lutte-feministe_1584548|access-date=14 November 2018}} She was a founding member of the French branch of the 50/50 by 2020 movement, a group of French film industry professionals advocating for gender parity in film by the year 2020.{{cite web |title=THE SIGNATORIES |url=http://www.5050x2020.fr/en/the-petitioners |access-date=21 May 2019 |archive-date=19 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519072329/http://www.5050x2020.fr/en/the-petitioners |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |title=Céline Sciamma: 'In France, they don't find the film hot. They think it lacks flesh, it's not erotic' |website=TheGuardian.com |date=21 February 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/feb/21/celine-sciamma-portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire |access-date=12 April 2020}}
She has contributed heavily to discourse with cinema regarding the female gaze.Bulloch, Ellie. Subverting the ‘Male Gaze’: How Is a ‘Female Gaze’ Evident in the Works of Sophie Calle and Céline Sciamma? Dissertation, Professor Paul Hegarty, 2021. https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/clas/documents/final-year-prizes/2021/ellie-bulloch-dissertation.pdf . Sciamma uses her platform to speak about the restrictions of the male gaze and present movies that elevate the female gaze.{{Cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/culture/2020/2/19/21137213/portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-celine-sciamma-interview|title = Portrait of a Lady on Fire director Céline Sciamma on her ravishing romantic masterpiece|date = 19 February 2020}} She sees her work, particularly Portrait of a Lady on Fire, as a manifesto of the female gaze. Sciamma stated in an interview: "That’s why the male gaze is obsessed with representing lesbians, for instance. It's a way to control it. Our stories are powerful because they are dangerous. We are dangerous. So it's a very good strategy to despise us — to undermine us — because it's giving us less leverage for a very powerful political dynamic".{{Cite web| last=VanDerWerff| first=Emily| date=2020-02-19| title=Portrait of a Lady on Fire director Céline Sciamma on her ravishing romantic masterpiece| url=https://www.vox.com/culture/2020/2/19/21137213/portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-celine-sciamma-interview|access-date=2021-12-07| website=Vox|language=en}}
Sciamma has stated that "cinema is always political," and that creating films by women and about women is a political act.{{Cite book |last=Oumano |first=Elena |title=Cinema today : a conversation with thirty-nine filmmakers from around the world |publisher=Rutgers University Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0813550282}}
In 2018, she co-organised and participated in the women's protest against inequality at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival alongside many notable women in film, including Agnès Varda, Ava DuVernay, Cate Blanchett and Léa Seydoux.{{cite news|last1=Nayeri|first1=Farah|title=Women Rally on Cannes Red Carpet to Highlight Gender Inequality|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/12/movies/cannes-women-protest.html|work=The New York Times|date=12 May 2018|access-date=14 November 2018}} This protest campaigned for gender equality in the film industry.
At the premiere of her film Portrait of a Lady on Fire at the 2019 Cannes Film Festival, both Sciamma and lead actress Haenel wore 50/50 pins in support of the movement.{{cite news |last1=Cotton |first1=Johnny |title='Lady on Fire' by female promise Sciamma sets Cannes ablaze |newspaper=Reuters |date=20 May 2019 |url=https://ca.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idCAKCN1SQ221-OCAEN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024211445/https://ca.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idCAKCN1SQ221-OCAEN |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 October 2020 |access-date=21 May 2019}}
In 2020 Sciamma and the Portrait of a Lady on Fire team joined Haenel in walking out of the 45th César Awards after Roman Polanski won the award for Best Director.{{cite web |last1=Willsher |first1=Kim |title=Polanski's 'Oscar' divides elite world of French cinema |website=TheGuardian.com |date=March 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/mar/01/roman-polanski-cesar-award-jaccuse-divides-french-cinema |access-date=3 March 2020}} In 1977, Polanski was arrested and charged with six offences against a 13-year-old girl. Haenel had previously spoken out about experiencing sexual harassment from director Christopher Ruggia. Sciamma stated in an interview regarding the walk-out that “...there was no plan. It’s all about the moment, a matter of seconds. It’s about moving your legs, as simple as that. And that’s hard. It’s hard to stand up, hard to move your legs. I understand why people don’t. But sometimes you have to.”
Personal life
Sciamma is a lesbian.{{cite magazine|last1=Robertson|first1=Jessica|title=Interview: Director Celine Sciamma Makes a Splash at Cannes with Water Lilies|url=http://gomag.com/article/interview_director_celine/|magazine=GO|date=July 9, 2008|access-date=13 February 2020}} In 2014, Adèle Haenel publicly acknowledged that she was in a relationship with Sciamma in her acceptance speech for her César Award.{{cite news|last=Romney|first=Jonathen |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2016/dec/04/adele-haenel-unknown-girl-inteview-dardenne|title=Adele Haenel, Recycling cliches is a sign that a film lacks courage|work=The Guardian|date=4 December 2016|access-date=8 December 2016}} The two had met on the set of the 2007 film Water Lilies and started dating sometime after. The couple parted ways, amicably, sometime before the 2018 filming of Portrait of a Lady on Fire, which also starred Haenel.{{cite web |last1=Erbland |first1=Kate |title='Portrait of a Lady on Fire' Filmmaker Céline Sciamma Is Trying to Break Your Heart |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2019/12/portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-filmmaker-celine-sciamma-interview-1202193537/|website=IndieWire|date=December 5, 2019|access-date=2 January 2020}}
Filmography
class="wikitable sortable" style="width:90%; text-align:center" |
Year
! English title ! Original title ! width="40" | Director ! width="40" | Writer ! width="40" | Actor ! class="unsortable" | Notes |
---|
2004
| | Les Premières Communions | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Short film |
2006
| | Cache ta joie | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Short film |
2007
| Naissance des Pieuvres | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | |
2009
| | Pauline | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | Short film |
2010
| | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |
2011
| Tomboy | | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |
rowspan="4" | 2014
| | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Screenplay consultant |
| Mademoiselle
| {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | Role: Fille boîte; Short film |
Girlhood
| Bande de filles | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |
Young Tiger
| Bébé Tigre | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Storyline consultant |
rowspan="2" | 2016
| Being 17 | Quand on a 17 ans | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |
My Life as a Courgette
| Ma vie de Courgette | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |
2018
| With the Wind | | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Collaborating writer |
2019
| Portrait de la jeune fille en feu | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |
rowspan="2" | 2021
| | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |
Paris, 13th District
| Les Olympiades | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Collaborating writer |
2023
| This Is How a Child Becomes a Poet | | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | Short film |
2024
| Les Femmes au balcon | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |
Awards and nominations
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite web|last1=Aguilar|first1=Carlos|title=Love Dialogue: Céline Sciamma on Portrait of a Lady on Fire|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/love-dialogue-c%C3%A9line-sciamma-on-portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire|website=RogerEbert.com|date=February 12, 2020}}
- Belot, Sophie. “Céline Sciamma's La Naissance des pieuvres (2007): Seduction and be-coming”. Studies in French Cinema, 2012, 12:2, 169-184, {{doi|10.1386/sfc.12.2.169_1}}
- Bramowitz, Julie. “Céline Sciamma's Newest Film, Girlhood, Changes the Face of the Coming-of-Age Story.” Vogue. Vogue, January 30, 2015. https://www.vogue.com/article/girlhood-movie-celine-sciamma-changes-coming-of-age-story.
- {{cite web|last1=Brock|first1=Jeremy|title=Screenwriters' Lecture Series 2019: Céline Sciamma|url=http://www.bafta.org/media-centre/transcripts/screenwriters-lecture-series-2019-celine-sciamma|website=British Academy of Film and Television Arts|date=3 December 2019}}
- Bulloch, Ellie. Subverting the ‘Male Gaze’: How Is a ‘Female Gaze’ Evident in the Works of Sophie Calle and Céline Sciamma? Dissertation, Professor Paul Hegarty, 2021.
https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/clas/documents/final-year-prizes/2021/ellie-bulloch-dissertation.pdf . - {{cite web|last1=Musto|first1=Michael|title="Portrait of a Lady on Fire" Director Céline Sciamma Says Being a Lesbian Is Her "Political Identity"|url=http://www.newnownext.com/celine-sciamma-portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-director-lesbian/02/2020/|website=NewNowNext|date=February 10, 2020}}
- {{cite book|editor1-last=Palmer|editor1-first=Tim|editor2-last=Michael|editor2-first=Charlie|title=Directory of World Cinema: France|date=2013|publisher=Intellect|location=Bristol, United Kingdom|isbn=978-1-84150-563-3}}
- {{cite news|last1=Pollard|first1=Alexandra|title=Portrait of a Lady on Fire director Céline Sciamma: 'Ninety per cent of what we look at is the male gaze'|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/celine-sciamma-interview-portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-adele-haenel-tomboy-girlhood-a9365411.html|work=The Independent|date=1 March 2020}}
- {{cite web|last1=Soares|first1=André|title='Water Lilies': Céline Sciamma Discusses Lesbian Teen Drama|url=https://www.altfg.com/film/water-lilies-celine-sciamma/|website=Alt Film Guide|date=May 14, 2008}}
- {{cite magazine|last1=Taubin|first1=Amy|title=Interview: Céline Sciamma|url=https://www.filmcomment.com/article/interview-celine-sciamma-portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire/|magazine=Film Comment|date=November–December 2019}}
- {{cite journal|last1=Wilson|first1=Emma|title=Scenes of Hurt and Rapture: Céline Sciamma's Girlhood|journal=Film Quarterly|date=Spring 2017|volume=70|issue=3|pages=10–22|doi=10.1525/fq.2017.70.3.10|issn=0015-1386|url=https://fq.ucpress.edu/content/70/3/10|access-date=13 February 2020|archive-date=13 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213034803/https://fq.ucpress.edu/content/70/3/10|url-status=dead}}
External links
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- {{IMDb name|id=1780037}}
- [https://www.franceculture.fr/personne/celine-sciamma Céline Sciamma] at France Culture
- [https://www.bfi.org.uk/profile/celine-sciamma Céline Sciamma] at the British Film Institute
{{Céline Sciamma}}
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