CAIG Wing Loong
{{Short description|Unmanned aerial vehicle}}
{{About|the Chinese unmanned aerial vehicle|the 1970s vintage ultralight aircraft|Pterodactyl Ascender}}
{{Infobox aircraft begin
| name = Wing Loong 1 | image = File:Wing Loong.jpg | caption = Side view of Chinese multi-role UAV Wing Long }}{{Infobox aircraft type | manufacturer = Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group | designer = Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute | first flight = 2009 Altitude 27000 Pods SAR and ELINT | introduced = 2011 | retired = | status = in service & in production | primary user = People's Liberation Army Air Force | more users = Egyptian Air Force | produced = 2009 | number built = | unit cost = | program cost = | developed from = | variants with their own articles = | developed into = CAIG Wing Loong II }} |
The Chengdu GJ-1, also known as Wing Loong 1, is a Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), developed by the Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group in the People's Republic of China. Intended for use as a surveillance and aerial reconnaissance platform, the Pterodactyl I is capable of being fitted with air-to-surface weapons for use in an unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) role.Wong, Edward. (2013, September 21). "Hacking U.S. Secrets, China Pushes for Drones," The New York Times, p.A1 ff.
Design and development
Designed and developed by the Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute (CADI), a division of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC),Wall 2010Minnick 2010 the Pterodactyl I bears a distinct similarity in appearance to the Predator/Reaper family of drones developed by the United States.Zeitler 2011, p.25. The drone is capable of being fitted with a variety of sensors, including a forward looking infrared turret and synthetic aperture radar. In addition, the aircraft is capable of carrying weapons. The Pterodactyl I's total payload capacity for sensors and weapons is {{convert|200|kg}}.
Operational history
According to CADI, the Pterodactyl I undergone flight testing and has proven successful, with the flight test program including weapons tests of both bombs and air-to-surface missiles.
A model of the Pterodactyl I was displayed at the 2010 China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition at Zhuhai, the first public acknowledgment of the program; however, it was claimed by AVIC that the aircraft had been displayed at the 2008 airshow. The aircraft has been approved for export by Chinese authorities; the Pterodactyl I was evaluated by Pakistan, but was not selected for procurement.
One example of the type was known to have been lost in an accident during 2011.{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/asian-skies/2011/09/chinese-predator-uav-look-alik.html|title=Chinese Predator UAV look-alike crashes}}
An unknown number of Pterodactyl UAVs were purchased by Saudi Arabia in May 2014.[http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?cid=1101&MainCatID=11&id=20140506000088 Saudi Arabia signs deal for China's Pterodactyl drone] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513023302/http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?cid=1101&MainCatID=11&id=20140506000088 |date=2014-05-13 }} - WantChinatimes.com, 6 May 2014
Since 2011, China has also sold the Wing Loong to several countries in Africa and the Middle East, including Nigeria, Egypt, and the United Arab Emirates, at an estimated $1 million per unit.{{cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/03/20/chinas-weapons-of-mass-consumption/|title=China's Weapons of Mass Consumption|date=March 20, 2015|author=Joseph E. Lin|website=Foreign Policy}}
=Egypt=
In March 2017, the Egyptian Air Force launched a number of airstrikes in North Sinai's cities of El Arish, Rafah, and Sheikh Zuweid, as part of the operations conducted by the Egyptian Armed Forces against militants. Most of the strikes, which targeted stationing points and moving vehicles, were carried out by Wing Loong UCAVs leaving 18 militants killed.{{cite web|url=http://mt.sohu.com/mil/d20170321/129578842_418455.shtml|title=导弹直接命中移动皮卡 中国无人机再立下一大功|website=mt.sohu.com}}{{cite web|url=http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/china/2017-03-24/doc-ifycstww1044992.shtml|title=Data: Chinese unmanned aerial vehicles|website=mil.news.sina.com.cn|date=24 March 2017}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.arabianaerospace.aero/egypt-inducts-armed-chinese-drones.html|title=Egypt inducts armed Chinese drones|publisher=Arabian Aerospace|date=2019-04-29|access-date=2019-11-18}}
=Ethiopia=
There is contradictory reporting whether Chinese-made Chengdu Pterodactyl I drones operated by United Arab Emirates have supported the advance of the Ethiopian army and its allies into Tigray.{{cite tweet|number=1329516639419772928|user=bellingcat|title=As the internal conflict between...|date=19 November 2020}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_expert-no-evidence-uae-drones-are-being-used-ethiopias-tigray-conflict/6199427.html|title = Expert: No Evidence UAE Drones Are Being Used in Ethiopia's Tigray Conflict| date=10 December 2020 }}
= Libya =
- 2019, Libyan National Army (LNA) forces, loyal to General Khalifa Haftar used extensively Chinese-made Wing Loong I and II drones supplied by the United Arab Emirates{{cite web|title=Chinese drones hunt Turkish drones in Libya air war|date=2019-09-29|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/world/middle-east/article/3030823/chinese-drones-hunt-turkish-drones-libya-air-war|website=South China Morning Post|access-date=2019-11-18}} in the Civil War conflict against the Government of National Accord (GNA), The GNA also deployed Turkish drones in its war after receiving 12 Bayraktar TB2s in two batches between May and July 2019, at least half of them have been destroyed during LNA airstrikes using Wing Loong IIs, the second batch delivered in July was to replace the losses of the first.{{cite web|url=https://www.aircosmosinternational.com/article/libya-drones-test-laboratory-for-a-new-type-of-air-warfare-2613|title=Libya:Drone test laboratory for a new type of air warfare|work=Air & Cosmos International|date=15 November 2019|access-date=18 March 2021}}
- August 3, 2019, Libyan GNA forces announced the shoot down of a Libyan National Army (LNA) Wing Loong drone over Misrata.{{cite web|url= https://www.africanmilitaryblog.com/2019/08/libya-wing-loong-ii-ucav-shot-by-gna|title=Libya: Wing Loong II UCAV shot down by GNA|work=Africa Military Blog|date=3 August 2019}}{{cite web|url=https://www.itamilradar.com/2019/08/03/wing-loong-shot-down-near-misrata/|title=Wing Loong shot down near Misrata|date=3 August 2019}}{{cite web|title=Libyan Army shoots down Wing Loong drone provided by UAE for Haftar|url=https://www.libyaobserver.ly/news/libyan-army-shoots-down-wing-loong-drone-provided-uae-haftar|website=Libyan Observer|access-date=2019-08-03}}
- 6 August, 2019 A GNA Ilyushin Il-76TD cargo plane is destroyed in the ground on Misrata Airport by a LNA Wing Long drone.{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20190806-1|title=ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 20190806|work=Aviation Safety Network|date=6 August 2020}}{{cite web|url=https://www.arabianaerospace.aero/libya-s-deadly-game-of-drones.html|title=Libya's deadly game of drones|date=19 March 2020|quote="...on August 6, when at least one Wing Loong II fired at and destroyed another Ukraine registered Il-76, operated by Cargo Alfa Air. The aircraft had landed at Misrata Air Base from Ankara, at around 10.30pm, with ammunition and UAVs, when it was hit"}}
- 17 October 2019, a LNA Wing Loong II combat drone is shot down in Misrata by a surface-air missile.{{cite web|url=https://www.itamilradar.com/2019/10/19/photo-wing-loong-shot-down-near-misrata/|title=Photos: Wing Loong shot down near Misrata|work=Italian Military Radar|date=19 October 2019}}
- 27 January 2020, a LNA Wing Loong II combat drone is shot down near Misrata.{{cite web|url=https://www.itamilradar.com/2020/01/28/lna-uav-shot-down-in-misrata/|title=LNA UAV shot down in Misrata|work=Italian Military Radar|date=28 January 2020}}
- 13 May 2020, a LNA Wing Loong was shot down and recorded by GNA forces.{{cite web|url=https://www.itamilradar.com/2020/05/16/new-drone-shot-down-in-libya/|title=New drone shot down in Libya|work=Italy Military Radar|date=16 May 2020}}
- 18 May 2020, a LNA Wing Loong was shot down between Zuwara and Aljmail, allegedly by fire from an Italian frigate.{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/236248|title=ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 236248|work=Aviation Safety Network|date=18 May 2020}}
- 24 May 2020, a LNA Wing Loong II combat drone is shot down by friendly fire from LNA Pantsir air defense system over Libya.{{cite web|title=Latest Updates on Libya, 25 May 2020|date=2019-09-29|url=https://english.iswnews.com/13537/latest-updates-on-libya-25-may-2020/|website=Islamic World News|access-date=2020-05-28}}{{cite web|title=Libyan National Army Shoots Down Own Chinese-made Wing Loong Drones|url=https://www.defenseworld.net/news/27060/Libyan_National_Army_Shoots_Down_Own_Chinese_made_Wing_Loong_Drones#.X6lcyh7pI0M|website=www.defenseworld.net|date=26 May 2020|access-date=2020-05-26}}
- 6 June 2020, a LNA Wing Loong was shot down near Sirte by GNA forces.{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/236739|title=ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 236739|work=Aviation Safety Network|date=21 August 2020}}
- 22 October 2020, the remains of a LNA Wing Loong was found in Ash-Shwayrif, Libya.{{Cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/344781|title=ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 344781|work=Aviation Safety Network|date=21 August 2023}}
- 2 August 2021, another LNA Wing Loong wreck was recorded crashed on southwest Bani Walid, Misratah.{{Cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/344782|title=ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 344782|work=Aviation Safety Network|date=21 August 2023}}
= Yemen =
- 26 December 2016 a Wing Loong UCAV operated by the United Arab Emirates was shot down by Houthi forces in Yemen.{{cite web|url=https://english.iswnews.com/19488/infographic-saudi-coalition-and-us-aircraft-losses-in-yemen-war/|title=Infographic: Saudi Coalition and US Aircraft Losses in Yemen War|date=25 June 2021|quote=UAE Wing Loong UAV, September 26, 2016, Kholan}}{{cite web|url=https://lostarmour.info/yemen/item.php?id=13405|title=CAIG Wing Loong I (Pterodactyl I)|access-date=26 September 2016|archive-date=11 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111003716/https://lostarmour.info/yemen/item.php?id=13405|url-status=dead}}
- April 2018 they were used in Yemen by the Saudi led Operation Decisive Storm in successfully killing Saleh Ali al-Sammad, a senior Houthi leader by Wing Loong UCAV.{{cite web|title=How the UAE's Chinese-Made Drone Is Changing the War in Yemen|date=2018-04-27|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/04/27/drone-wars-how-the-uaes-chinese-made-drone-is-changing-the-war-in-yemen/|website=Foreign Policy|access-date=2019-11-18}}
- 19 April 2019, Houthi rebels published a video of the downing and crash site of a United Arab Emirates CAIG Wing Loong acting for Saudi-led intervention over Saada district. It was probably shot down with a R-73 or R-27T missile.{{Citation|last=المشهد اليمني الأول|title=صعدة - مشاهد للحظة إسقاط الطائرة التجسسية المقاتلة "wing loong" بصاروخ أرض - جو مناسب|date=2019-04-19|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-y6ebQYQdI|access-date=2019-04-20}}{{cite news|url=https://theaviationist.com/2019/07/03/lets-talk-about-the-photo-of-chinese-built-wing-loong-ii-drone-likely-operated-by-uae-over-libya/|title=Let's Talk About The Photo of Chinese-Built "Wing Loong" Drone (Likely Operated by UAE) over Libya.|publisher=The Aviatonist|date=20 April 2019}}
- 1 December 2019, Houthi forces reported shooting down a Saudi Arabian Wing Loong drone over Yemen,{{cite web|title=Houthi Rebels claim to have downed an Apache helicopter and a UAV|date=2019-12-03|url=https://warisboring.com/houthi-rebels-claim-to-have-downed-an-apache-helicopter-and-a-uav/|website=War is Boring|access-date=2019-12-14}} showing the wreckage of the drone later.{{cite web|url=https://theaviationist.com/2019/12/02/houthi-rebels-claim-to-have-shot-down-saudi-apache-gunship-and-wing-loong-uav-in-yemen/|title=Houthi Rebels Claim To Have Shot Down Saudi Apache Gunship And Wing Loong UAV in Yemen.|first=David|last=Cenciotti|date=December 2, 2019}} Another Wing Loong was reported shot down ten days later.{{cite web|url=https://www.criticalthreats.org/briefs/gulf-of-aden-security-review/gulf-of-aden-security-review-december-10-2019|title=Gulf of Aden Security Review - December 10, 2019|website=Critical Threats}} Houthi media published pictures of the drone wreckage.{{Cite web|url=https://www.albawaba.com/ar/%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%B3-%D9%81%D9%88%D9%82-%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-1326369|title=اليمن: الحوثيون يسقطون طائرة تجسس فوق نجران|website=البوابة}}
- 20 May 2021, Houthi fighters shot down another a Saudi Arabian Wing Loong I drone in Najran region.{{cite web|url=https://debriefer.net/en/news-25179.html|title=Houthis detail Saudi espionage drone downed in Najran|work=debriefer.net|date=21 May 2021}} Displaying photos and a video of the crash site.{{cite web|url=https://www.defencenet.gr/asfaleia/diethnis-asfaleia/908857_oi-hoythi-katerripsan-kineziko-uav-tis-saoydikis-arabias|title=Οι Χούθι κατέρριψαν κινεζικό UAV της Σαουδικής Αραβίας|language=Greek|date=22 May 2021}}
- 13 September 2021, Houthi media announced the downing of a Saudi Coalition Wing Loong drone in Kataf area, Saada region, displaying footage of the shootdown.{{cite web|url=https://english.iswnews.com/20483/ansarallah-destroys-the-fifth-wing-long-drone-in-yemen/|title=Ansar Allah destroys the fifth Wing Long drone in Yemen|work=Islamic World News|date=14 September 2021}}
- January 2021, Houthi forces shot down two UAE Operated Wing Loong drones in Shabwa province.{{Cite web|url=https://english.iswnews.com/22260/yemen-ansar-allah-shot-down-the-sixth-wing-loong-drone/|title=Yemen: Ansar Allah Shot Down the Sixth Wing Loong Drone|date=6 January 2022|work=Islamic World News}}{{Cite web|url=https://hodhodyemennews.net/en_US/2022/01/13/new-footage-released-showing-yemeni-downing-of-emirati-drone/|title=New footage released showing Yemeni downing of Emirati drone|date=13 January 2022|work=Hodhodnews}}
= Pakistan =
In June 2016, a pterodactyl variant of the drone crashed in Pakistan while on an experimental flight near Headpaka area of Mianwali district of Pakistan's punjab. Until this crash, Pakistan was not a known operator of the Wing Loong. {{Cite web |last=Atherton |first=Kelsey D. |date=2016-06-23 |title=Chinese-Made Drone Crashes In Pakistan |url=https://www.popsci.com/chinese-made-drone-crashes-in-pakistan/ |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=Popular Science |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Bilal |date=2016-06-21 |title=UPDATE: Crashed UAV in Pakistan was undergoing flight tests |url=https://quwa.org/daily-news/crashed-pakistani-drone-chinas-wing-loong-uav/ |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=Quwa |language=en-US}}
Variants
= Chinese military version =
;WJ-1: The armed version of Pterodactyl I, which is a weapon platform without the reconnaissance/targeting pod under the chin. The designation WJ stands for Wu-Zhuang Wu-Ren-Ji (武装无人机), meaning armed UAV. WJ-1 UAV made its public debut in November 2014 at the 10th Zhuhai Airshow along with its cousin GJ-1.{{cite web |date=14 November 2014 |title=GJ-1 and WJ-1 |url=http://www.popsci.com/china-shows-its-growing-drone-fleet |access-date=November 14, 2014}}
;GJ-1: Another armed version of Pterodactyl I that combines the capabilities of both Pterodactyl I and WJ-1 so that it can identify and engage targets on its own. GJ-1 can be distinguished from both Pterodactyl I and WJ-1 in that GJ-1 has both the reconnaissance/targeting pod under the chin as well as hardpoints to carry weapons. The designation GJ stands for Gong-Ji Wu-Ren-Ji (攻击无人机), meaning "attack UAV." GJ-1 UAV made its public debut in November 2014 at the 10th Zhuhai Airshow along with its cousin WJ-1.
= Export version =
;Pterosaur I: First member of Wing Loong series, with program of Wing Loong begun in May 2005. Maiden flight was completed in October 2007 and payload evaluation flight was completed a year later in October 2008.{{cite web | url=http://www.ahgfjy.com/system/2014/03/12/010066876.shtml | title=Pterosaur | access-date=March 13, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223072953/http://www.ahgfjy.com/system/2014/03/12/010066876.shtml | archive-date=February 23, 2015 | url-status=dead }} This first model of Wing Loong series lacked the bulge at the nose tip of the fuselage due to the lack of a satellite antenna, and while the English name used by the developer differed from later models, the Chinese name remains the same, and so is the name Wing Loong for the entire series.{{cite web | url=http://bbs.news.163.com/bbs/junshi/104609638.html | title=Pterosaur UAV | access-date=November 4, 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090921041246/http://bbs.news.163.com/bbs/junshi/104609638.html | archive-date=September 21, 2009 | url-status=dead }}{{cite web | url=http://www.360doc.com/content/09/1115/22/180455_9108815.shtml | title=Pterosaur Unmanned Aerial Vehicle | access-date=November 15, 2009 | archive-date=February 23, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223084109/http://www.360doc.com/content/09/1115/22/180455_9108815.shtml | url-status=dead }}{{cite web| url=http://mil.cnr.cn/jspl/xwdd/201211/t20121116_511350315_1.html | title=Pterosaur I | access-date=November 16, 2012 }}{{cite web| url=http://www.81tech.com/news/zhongguowurenji/134939_14.html | title=Pterosaur I UAV | access-date=September 11, 2013 }} The lack of satellite antenna results in cheaper cost, with the reduction of the maximum control range around to 200 km.{{cite web| url=http://mil.cnr.cn/jspl/xwdd/201211/t20121116_511350315_1.html | title=Pterosaur UAV | access-date=November 16, 2012 }} This model is no longer actively marketed when Pterodactyl I appeared, but is still available as a cheaper alternative up on potential customers’ request.
;Pterodactyl I: The second member of the Wing Loong series is distinguished from the earlier Pterosaur I in that there is a bulge at the nose tip of the fuselage to house a satellite antenna, and this is the version most widely publicized and actively marketed as a surveillance platform. United Arab Emirates and Uzbekistan were reported to be the first two foreign customers of Pterodactyl I.{{cite web| url=http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/2012-11-15/1519706886.html | title=Pterodactyl I | access-date=November 14, 2014 }}
;Sky Saker: Sky Saker is a derivative of Wing Loong developed by Norinco mainly intended for export. The Chinese name is Rui Ying (锐鹰), meaning Sharp Eagle, but the English name adopted by the developer is Sky Saker. Sky Saker / Rui Ying carries both a miniature synthetic aperture radar and an electro-optical pod to perform reconnaissance in both the visible light and radar spectra.{{cite web | url=http://gjj.dianzixuewang.cn/z/z/c.html | title=Sky Saker (Rui Ying) | access-date=February 28, 2014 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} The capability of Sky Saker / Rui Ying has been exaggerated by many Chinese internet sources claiming that it has both scout and strike capabilities at the same time, but this has been proven to the contrary. According to all info released by Norinco itself (as of 2015), the UAV can employ only a single capability at a time: when the UAV carries the reconnaissance payload, no weaponry is carried. Similarly, when weaponry is carried, the reconnaissance payload is absent.
;Wing Loong ID: Upgraded variant of the Wing Loong I, with improved aerodynamics and engine enabling greater takeoff weight, service ceiling, and endurance. Other upgrades include both internal and external stores, as well as communications equipment. The variant launched in 2018 with Egypt being the first buyer of 32 systems.{{cite web|last1=Lifang|title=China to fly new member of Wing Loong UAS family in 2018|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-01/25/c_136923745.htm|website=Xinhua Net|access-date=26 January 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180126105830/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-01/25/c_136923745.htm|archive-date=26 January 2018|location=Chengdu|date=25 January 2018}}{{cite web|last1=Khan|first1=Bilal|title=AVIC to launch new Wing Loong UAV variant in 2018|url=https://quwa.org/2018/01/25/avic-to-launch-new-wing-loong-uav-variant-in-2018/|website=Quwa Defence News & Analysis Group|access-date=26 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126110030/https://quwa.org/2018/01/25/avic-to-launch-new-wing-loong-uav-variant-in-2018/|archive-date=26 January 2018|date=25 January 2018}} The variant achieved its first flight on 23 December 2018.{{cite web |last1=Wong |first1=Kelvin |title=China's all-composite Wing Loong I-D MALE UAV prototype completes maiden flight |url=https://www.janes.com/article/85484/china-s-all-composite-wing-loong-i-d-male-uav-prototype-completes-maiden-flight |website=Jane's 360 |access-date=3 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190103184620/https://www.janes.com/article/85484/china-s-all-composite-wing-loong-i-d-male-uav-prototype-completes-maiden-flight |archive-date=3 January 2019 |location=Singapore |date=24 December 2018 |url-status=live}}
;Wing Loong 1E: Maiden flight in 20 January 2022.{{cn|date=April 2025}} The new drone features larger carrying capacity than previous models.{{cite web|url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/all-the-air-combat-developments-out-of-chinas-massive-air-show |title=All The Air Combat Developments Out Of China's Massive Air Show |website=The Drive |date=7 November 2022 |first=Joseph |last=Trevithick }}
=Further development=
;Wing Loong II: An upgraded variant of the Wing Loong, with provisions for up to twelve air-to-surface missiles. Officially entered service with the PLAAF in November 2018.{{cite web|url=https://news.qq.com/a/20161027/031059.htm|title=组图:翼龙-2无人机挂载能力强悍_新闻_腾讯网|website=news.qq.com}}{{cite web|url=https://mil.sohu.com/20161028/n471645885.shtml|title="翼龙2"或入列中国空军 "彩虹5"将出口中东-搜狐军事频道|website=mil.sohu.com}}{{cite web |last1=Wong |first1=Kevin |title=Airshow China 2018: Wing Loong II armed reconnaissance UAV enters PLAAF service |url=https://www.janes.com/article/84349/airshow-china-2018-wing-loong-ii-armed-reconnaissance-uav-enters-plaaf-service |website=IHS Jane's 360 |access-date=7 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107123734/https://www.janes.com/article/84349/airshow-china-2018-wing-loong-ii-armed-reconnaissance-uav-enters-plaaf-service |archive-date=2018-11-07 |location=Zhuhai |date=7 November 2018 |url-status=live }}
Operators
File:Wing Loong (1).jpg parade on Independence Square in Nur-Sultan.]]
- {{flag|China}} — 60 units,{{cite book |last1=Rupprecht |first1=Andreas |title=Modern Chinese Warplanes:Chinese Air Force - Aircraft and Units |date=29 October 2018 |publisher=Harpia Publishing |isbn=978-09973092-6-3 |page=106}} in service with the People's Liberation Army Air Force{{cite web|last1=Fischer Junior|first1=Richard|title=Kazakhstan purchases two Chinese Wing-Loong UCAVs|url=http://www.janes.com/article/61042/kazakhstan-purchases-two-chinese-wing-loong-ucavs|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=7 November 2016|format=7 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160608131122/http://www.janes.com/article/61042/kazakhstan-purchases-two-chinese-wing-loong-ucavs |archive-date=8 June 2016}}{{cite web|last1=Lin|first1=Joseph|title=China's Weapons of Mass Consumption|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/03/20/chinas-weapons-of-mass-consumption/|website=Foreign Policy|access-date=7 November 2016|date=20 March 2015|quote=Since 2011, China has also sold the Wing Loong, an armed drone, to several countries in Africa and the Middle East, including Nigeria, Egypt, and the United Arab Emirates.}}{{cite web|last1=Atherton|first1=Kelsey|title=Chinese-made drone crashes in Pakistan|url=http://www.popsci.com/chinese-made-drone-crashes-in-pakistan|website=Popular Science|access-date=7 November 2016|date=22 June 2016}}
- {{flag|Egypt}} — Reportedly exported to as early as 2016, first images released by the Egyptian military in October 2018.{{cite web |last1=Binnie |first1=Jeremy |title=Egypt shows Wing Loong UAV |url=https://www.janes.com/article/83919/egypt-shows-wing-loong-uav |website=IHS Jane's 360 |access-date=20 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020231540/https://www.janes.com/article/83919/egypt-shows-wing-loong-uav |archive-date=2018-10-20 |location=London |date=19 October 2018 |url-status=live }}
- {{flag|Ethiopia}}{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Ethiopia Shows Off Combat Drones at Military Ceremony|url=https://www.thedefensepost.com/2022/06/27/ethiopia-combat-drones-military-ceremony/|website=The Defense post|date=27 June 2022|access-date=2022-10-05}}
- {{flag|Indonesia}}{{cite web|title=Wing Loong Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)|url=https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/wing-loong-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-uav/|access-date=15 November 2021}}
- {{flag|Kazakhstan}} — Two exported to in 2016, in service with the Kazakhstan Air Defence Forces{{Cite web|last=GDC|date=2021-07-12|title=Arms sales opportunity: China moves into Central Asia as the U.S. withdraw from Afghanistan|url=https://www.globaldefensecorp.com/2021/07/12/arms-sales-opportunity-china-moves-into-the-central-asia-as-the-u-s-withdraw-from-afghanistan/|access-date=2021-07-12|website=Global Defense Corp|language=en-US}}
- {{flag|Morocco}} — Reportedly donated to Morocco as a gift from UAE in 2020.{{Cite web|last=Defensa.com|date=2021-01-09|title=Morocco has equipped itself with Chinese Wing Loong 1 armed UAVs|url=https://www.defensa.com/africa-asia-pacifico/marruecos-tambien-ha-dotado-uavs-armados-chinos-wing-loong-1|access-date=2021-01-11|website=Defensa.com|language=es}}
- {{flag|Nigeria}}
- {{flag|Pakistan}} — A Wing Loong crashed in Pakistan on 18 June 2016, raising theories the country may be evaluating the system.{{cite web|last1=Gady|first1=Franz-Stefan|title=Is Pakistan Secretly Testing a New Chinese Killer Drone?|url=https://thediplomat.com/2016/06/is-pakistan-secretly-testing-a-new-chinese-killer-drone/|website=The Diplomat|access-date=7 November 2016|date=22 June 2016}} A Pakistani defence ministry official told a reporter that an unnamed UAV crashed on an "experimental flight", further fueling evaluating theories.{{cite web|last1=Bokhari|first1=Farhan|title=Crashed Pakistani UAV was 'on experimental flight'|url=http://www.janes.com/article/61651/|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=7 November 2016|location=Islamabad, Pakistan|date=21 June 2016}} Two years later in October 2018, it was announced that Pakistan Aeronautical Complex and Chengdu Aircraft Corporation would jointly produce 48 Wing Loong II UAVs for use in the Pakistan Air Force.{{cite web |last1=Dominguez |first1=Gabriel |last2=Bedi |first2=Rahul |url=https://www.janes.com/article/83660/china-pakistan-to-jointly-produce-wing-loong-ii-uavs-says-report |title=China, Pakistan to jointly produce Wing Loong II UAVs, says report |access-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009185227/https://www.janes.com/article/83660/china-pakistan-to-jointly-produce-wing-loong-ii-uavs-says-report |archive-date=9 October 2018 |location=London, New Delhi |date=9 October 2018 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |last1=Nene |first1=Vidi |title=China and Pakistan to Jointly Produce 48 Wing Loong II Drones |url=https://dronebelow.com/2018/10/11/china-and-pakistan-to-jointly-produce-48-wing-loong-ii-drones/ |website=Drone Below |access-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011164046/https://dronebelow.com/2018/10/11/china-and-pakistan-to-jointly-produce-48-wing-loong-ii-drones/ |archive-date=2018-10-11 |date=11 October 2018 |url-status=live }}
- {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} — Exported to in 2014
- {{flag|Serbia}} — Purchased nine
- {{flag|United Arab Emirates}} — Exported to in 2011, launch customer for Wing Loong II in 2017.{{cite web|last1=Biggers|first1=Christopher|title=UAE revealed as Wing Loong II launch customer|url=http://www.janes.com/article/77379/|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=26 January 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180126105348/http://www.janes.com/article/77379/uae-revealed-as-wing-loong-ii-launch-customer|archive-date=26 January 2018|location=Washington, DC|date=26 January 2018}}{{cite web|script-title=zh:媒体称翼龙无人机已出口阿联酋乌兹别克斯坦|url=http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/2012-11-15/1519706886.html|website=SINA military|access-date=7 November 2016|language=zh|date=15 November 2012}}
- {{flag|Uzbekistan}}
Specifications (Wing Loong I)
{{Aircraft specs
|prime units?=met
|genhide=
|crew=None (UAV)
|capacity=
|length m=9.05
|length ft=
|length in=
|length note=
|span m=14
|span ft=
|span in=
|span note=
|height m=2.77
|height ft=
|height in=
|height note=
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=1100
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|more general=
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Rotax 914
|eng1 type=turbocharged
|eng1 kw=
|eng1 shp=100
|eng1 note=
|power original=
|more power=
|prop blade number=3
|prop name=
|prop dia m=
|prop dia ft=
|prop dia in=
|prop note=
|perfhide=
|max speed kmh=280
|max speed mph=
|max speed kts=
|max speed note=
|max speed mach=
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|range km=4000
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=20 hours
|ceiling m=5000
|ceiling ft=
|ceiling note=
|g limits=
|roll rate=
|glide ratio=
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|more performance=
|armament=*{{convert|200|kg}} of air-to-surface weapons{{cite web|url=https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/wing-loong-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-uav/|title=Wing Loong Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)|access-date=15 October 2020}}
|guns=
|bombs=200 kg
|rockets=
|missiles=
|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=
|avionics=*{{convert|100|kg}} capacity for sensors
}}
See also
{{aircontent|
|related=
|similar aircraft=
|see also=
|lists=
}}
{{Commons category|Chengdu Wing Loong}}
References
=Citations=
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
=Bibliography=
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=5101322|title=China Developing Armed/Recon UAVs|last=Minnick|first=Wendell|date=November 24, 2010|publisher=Defense News|access-date=2011-02-11}}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs/defense/index.jsp?plckController=Blog&plckScript=blogScript&plckElementId=blogDest&plckBlogPage=BlogViewPost&plckPostId=Blog:27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7Post:e2c4ebce-729c-4722-b293-b3de048981d3|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120723012808/http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs/defense/index.jsp?plckController=Blog&plckScript=blogScript&plckElementId=blogDest&plckBlogPage=BlogViewPost&plckPostId=Blog:27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7Post:e2c4ebce-729c-4722-b293-b3de048981d3|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 23, 2012|title=China's Armed Predator|last=Wall|first=Robert|date=November 17, 2010|publisher=Aviation Week and Space Technology|access-date=2011-02-10}}
- {{cite journal|last=Zeitler|first=Andreas|date=February 2011|title=Zhuhai 2010|journal=Combat Aircraft|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing|location=Hersham, Surrey, UK|volume=12|issue=2|issn=2041-7470}}
{{refend}}
{{PRC UAVs}}
{{Chinese Military Aircraft}}
Category:Medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles
Category:Unmanned aerial vehicles of China
Category:Single-engined pusher aircraft
Category:Aircraft first flown in 2009
Category:2000s Chinese military reconnaissance aircraft