CDMA2000#1xEV-DO

{{List of mobile phone generations}}

CDMA2000 1X (IS-2000), also known as 1x and 1xRTT, is the core CDMA2000 wireless air interface standard. The designation "1x", meaning 1 times radio transmission technology, indicates the same radio frequency (RF) bandwidth as IS-95: a duplex pair of 1.25 MHz radio channels. 1xRTT almost doubles the capacity of IS-95 by adding 64 more traffic channels to the forward link, orthogonal to (in quadrature with) the original set of 64. The 1X standard supports packet data speeds of up to 153 kbit/s with real world data transmission averaging 80–100 kbit/s in most commercial applications.{{cite web|url=http://www.cdg.org/technology/cdma20001x.asp|title=CDG : Technology : CDMA2000 1X|website=CDMA Development Group|access-date=July 28, 2017|archive-date=August 2, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100802011151/http://www.cdg.org/technology/cdma20001x.asp|url-status=dead}} IMT-2000 also made changes to the data link layer for greater use of data services, including medium and link access control protocols and quality of service (QoS). The IS-95 data link layer only provided best-effort delivery for data and circuit switched channel for voice (i.e., a voice frame once every 20 ms).

{{Main|Evolution-Data Optimized}}File:1XEV_Mobile_Phone_Screenshot_blackberry.png smartphone displaying '1XEV' as the service status in the upper right corner (2011)]]

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO (Evolution-Data Optimized), often abbreviated as EV-DO or EV, is a telecommunications standard for the wireless transmission of data through radio signals, typically for broadband Internet access. It uses multiplexing techniques including code-division multiple access (CDMA) as well as time-division multiple access to maximize both individual user's throughput and the overall system throughput. It is standardized (IS-856) by 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) as part of the CDMA2000 family of standards and has been adopted by many mobile phone service providers around the world – particularly those previously employing CDMA networks.

1X Advanced (Rev.E){{cite web|url=https://www.cdg.org/news/events/webinar/100513_cdma450_operators/2-ALU-Newbury%20450%20Webinar_3.pdf|title=Evolution of CDMA Roadmap—Voice Perspective|publisher=Alcatel-Lucent|date=May 13, 2010|access-date=May 17, 2016|archive-date=October 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005115836/https://www.cdg.org/news/events/webinar/100513_cdma450_operators/2-ALU-Newbury%20450%20Webinar_3.pdf|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/specs/C.S0099-0_v2.0_Guidelines%20for%20using%20cdma2000%201x%20Revision%20E%20Features%20on%20Earlier%20Revisions_20110819.pdf|title=Guidelines for using cdma2000 1x Revision E Features on Earlier Revisions|publisher=3GPP2|date=July 2011|access-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160705073206/http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/specs/C.S0099-0_v2.0_Guidelines%20for%20using%20cdma2000%201x%20Revision%20E%20Features%20on%20Earlier%20Revisions_20110819.pdf|archive-date=July 5, 2016|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}} is the evolution of CDMA2000 1X. It provides up to four times the capacity and 70% more coverage compared to 1X.{{cite web|url=http://www.qualcomm.com/solutions/wireless-networks/technologies/1x-advanced|title=1X Advanced|publisher=Qualcomm|access-date=September 18, 2013|archive-date=July 12, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712002148/http://www.qualcomm.com/solutions/wireless-networks/technologies/1x-advanced|url-status=live}}

{{See also|List of CDMA2000 networks}}

The CDMA Development Group states that, as of April 2014, there are 314 operators in 118 countries offering CDMA2000 1X and/or 1xEV-DO service.{{cite web |url=https://www.cdg.org/resources/cdma_stats.asp |title=CDG : CDMA Statistics |publisher=CDMA Development Group |access-date=June 13, 2015 |archive-date=September 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927201826/http://cdg.org/resources/cdma_stats.asp |url-status=dead }}{{Update inline|date=August 2020}}

CDMA2000 technology was developed by Qualcomm in the late 1990s as an enhancement to the CDMA standard.

The intended 4G successor to CDMA2000 was UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband); however, in November 2008, Qualcomm announced it was ending development of the technology, favoring LTE instead.{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/marketsNews/idUSN1335969420081113?rpc=401& |title=Qualcomm halts UMB project, sees no major job cuts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414175331/http://www.reuters.com/article/marketsNews/idUSN1335969420081113?rpc=401& |archive-date=April 14, 2009 |url-status=live |website=Reuters |date=November 13, 2008}}

{{Expand section|date=March 2011}}

In 2007, Qualcomm provided a global patent license for CDMA2000 to the Chinese company Teleepoch.{{Cite news|date=2007-09-27|title=Qualcomm gives patent license for CDMA2000 units to Chinese firm|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/qualcomm-patent-idUKWNAS497420070927|access-date=2021-12-05|archive-date=December 5, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205160023/https://www.reuters.com/article/qualcomm-patent-idUKWNAS497420070927|url-status=live}}

{{Reflist}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120829055636/http://www.tiaonline.org/standards/committees/committee.cfm?comm=tr-45 TIA TR-45 Engineering Committee for CDMA Standards]
• [http://www.3gpp2.org/ 3GPP2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040123013738/http://3gpp2.org/ |date=January 23, 2004 }} Standards and specifications
• [http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/cellulartelecomms/3gpp2/cdma2000-1xrtt-basics-tutorial.php CDMA2000] Overviews of the CDMA2000 standards - 1X to UMB
• [http://cdma2000.info cdma2000.info] Online interactive cdma2000 SDU decoder - covers all releases up to C.S0005-F 2.0

{{Mobile telecommunications standards}}

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Category:3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 standards

Category:Code division multiple access