Carl Alexander von Martius
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{{Short description|German chemist and entrepreneur}}
Image:C. A. Martius ca1880.jpg
Carl Alexander von Martius (born 19 January 1838 in Munich; died 26 February 1920 in Nonn by Bad Reichenhall) was a German chemist and entrepreneur.
Life
His father was botanist and explorer Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794–1868) and his mother was author Franziska von Stengel (1801–1843). In 1872, Martius married Margarete Veit (1853–1926). On 16 February 1903 Martius became, by German King Wilhelm II a nobleman.Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Adeligen Häuser, Teil B 1941, page 356, Verlag Justus Perthes, Gotha 1941.
Martius studied chemistry. At university he was member of student organisation Corps Bremensia. He was a student of Justus von Liebig and university assistent August Wilhelm von Hofmann in Berlin.{{Cn|date=September 2020}}
In 1863, Martius invented in Berlin azo dye Bismarck brown Y, which he named after german chancellor Otto von Bismarck. It is used in histology for staining tissues.{{cite encyclopedia|last=Booth|first=Gerald|title=Dyes, General Survey|year=2000|encyclopedia=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|publisher=Wiley-VCH|place=Weinheim|doi=10.1002/14356007.a09_073|isbn=3527306730}} In 1867, Martius invented in Berlin Dinitronaphthol, which was later named after him as Martiusgelb. In Berlin, together with German chemist Paul Mendelssohn Bartholdy he founded in 1867 German company Aktiengesellschaft für Anilinfabrikation (Agfa). Martius was founding member of German organisation Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft in Berlin and of German organisation Vereins zur Wahrung der Interessen der chemischen Industrie Deutschlands. In 1891, Martius was founding member of German organisation German Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property in Berlin."C.A. von Martius", Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht (in German), 25 (Beiblatt zu Nr. 4), 1920 From 1916 to 1918 Martius was member of Prussian House of Lords.{{Cn|date=September 2020}}
Literature over Martius
- {{citation|periodical=Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht|title=C.A. von Martius|volume=25|issue=Beiblatt zu Nr. 4|date= 1920|language=German
}}
- Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Adeligen Häuser, Teil B 1941, page 356, Verlag Justus Perthes, Gotha 1941.
- Norbert Welsch und Claus Chr. Liebmann, Farben – Natur, Technik, Kunst, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg/Berlin 2003, page 204.
- [http://preussenprotokolle.bbaw.de/bilder/Band%2010.pdf Acta Borussica Band 10 (1909–1918)] (PDF-Datei; 2,74 MB)
- {{NDB|16|312|313|Martius, Carl Alexander von|Michael Engel|116811374}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
- {{DNB-Portal|116811374}}
- [http://stabikat.sbb.spk-berlin.de:8080/DB=1/SET=2/TTL=1/MAT=/NOMAT=T/CLK?IKT=1004&TRM=Martius,Carl+Alexander+von Literatur list in Online-cataloge] by Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
- [https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/matthey/pmr/1984/00000028/00000002/art00011?crawler=true The First Organometallic Compounds, article by L. B. Hunt]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Martius, Carl Alexander von}}
Category:19th-century German businesspeople
Category:20th-century German businesspeople
Category:People from the Kingdom of Bavaria
Category:German chemical industry businesspeople
Category:19th-century German chemists
Category:German industrialists
Category:German company founders
Category:Members of the Prussian House of Lords
Category:Scientists from Munich