Casa Grande-class dock landing ship
{{Short description|1944 class of British/American dock landing ships}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=USS Cabildo;10121603.jpg |Ship caption={{USS|Cabildo|LSD-16|6}} {{circa|1950s}} }} {{Infobox ship class overview |Name=Casa Grande class |Builders=*Newport News |Operators=*{{navy|United Kingdom}}
|Class before={{sclass|Ashland|dock landing ship}} |Class after={{sclass|Thomaston|dock landing ship}} |Subclasses= |Cost= |Built range= |In service range= |In commission range= |Total ships building= |Total ships planned=19 |Total ships completed=17 |Total ships cancelled=2 |Total ships active= |Total ships laid up= |Total ships lost= |Total ships retired=17 |Total ships preserved= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class= |Ship type=Dock landing ship |Ship tonnage= |Ship displacement=*4,032 tons (light)
|Ship length=*{{convert|454|ft|m|abbr=on}} at waterline
|Ship beam={{convert|72|ft|2|in|m|abbr=on}} |Ship draught={{convert|15|ft|10|in|m|abbr=on}} |Ship power= |Ship propulsion=*2-shaft turbines, 2 boilers
|Ship sail plan= |Ship speed={{convert|15.6|kn|mph km/h|lk=in}} |Ship range={{convert|7400|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} |Ship endurance= |Ship boats=*One of the following arrangements: |Ship capacity=1,500 tons of cargo (if not carrying boats) |Ship troops= |Ship complement=17 officers and 237 men |Ship crew= |Ship time to activate= |Ship armament=*1 × 5"/38 guns
|Ship armour= |Ship notes= }} |
The Casa Grande class was a class of dock landing ships used by the Royal Navy and the United States Navy during the Second World War. Nineteen ships were planned, but two, {{USS|Fort Snelling|LSD-23|6}} and {{USS|Point Defiance|LSD-24|6}} were cancelled before being completed.
Design
The 'Landing Ship Dock' or LSD developed from a British staff requirement for a type of self-propelled drydock to transport beaching craft over long distances, that would in turn deliver trucks and supplies onto the beach.{{cite book |last=Gardiner|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|page=161}} A flooding deck aft capable of holding either two of the larger British Landing craft tanks (LCTs) or three of the new US LCTs was included in the designs. With the option of fitting extra decks, large numbers of vehicles could be transported, and loaded into landing craft via ramps. Despite an initial specification for a speed of {{convert|17|kn|mph km/h|lk=in}}, the LSDs were capable of only {{convert|15.6|kn|mph km/h|lk=in}}.
Service
The British initially ordered seven of the class from US dockyards, numbered LSD-9 to 15. Only four were delivered, numbers 9 to 12, while 13 to 15 were retained by the US Navy, which ordered another twelve to the design, but only built ten.{{cite book |title=Fighting Ships of World War II|page=304}} In total thirteen of the ships served with the US Navy, while four ships served with the Royal Navy.
Ships
=United States Navy=
| class="wikitable sortable"
!Ship name !Hull number !Builder !Laid down !Launched !Commissioned !Decommissioned !Fate |
| Casa Grande
|LSD-13 |rowspan=7|Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia |11 November 1943 |11 April 1944 |5 June 1944 |6 October 1969 |Sold for scrap, 6 April 1992 |
| Rushmore
|LSD-14 |31 December 1943 |10 May 1944 |3 July 1944 |30 September 1970 |Sunk as a target, 16 April 1993 |
| Shadwell
|LSD-15 |17 January 1944 |24 May 1944 |24 July 1944 |9 March 1970 | Scrapped, 2017 |
| Cabildo
|LSD-16 |24 July 1944 |22 December 1944 |15 March 1945 |31 March 1970 |Sunk as a target, September 1985 |
| Catamount
|LSD-17 |7 August 1944 |27 January 1945 |9 April 1945 |31 March 1970 |Sold for scrap, 4 December 1975 |
| Colonial
|LSD-18 |1 August 1944 |28 February 1945 |15 May 1945 |1970 |Sold for scrap, 8 September 1993 |
| Comstock
|LSD-19 |3 January 1945 |28 April 1945 |2 July 1945 |20 April 1970 |Transferred to Taiwan, 17 October 1984; sunk as artificial reef on 30 June 2015 |
| Donner
|LSD-20 |rowspan=2|Boston Navy Yard |1 December 1944 |6 April 1945 |31 July 1945 |23 December 1970 |Sold for scrap, March 2005 |
| Fort Mandan
|LSD-21 |2 January 1945 |2 June 1945 |31 October 1945 |23 January 1971 |Transferred to Greece, 23 January 1971; sold for scrap, November 2001 |
| Fort Marion
|LSD-22 |rowspan=3|Gulf Shipbuilding Corp., Chickasaw, Alabama |15 September 1944 |22 May 1945 |29 January 1946 |13 February 1970 |Transferred to Taiwan, 15 April 1977; sunk as artificial reef, 9 December 2000 |
| Fort Snelling
|LSD-23 |8 November 1944 | |Never |Never |Completed as a ferry and renamed SS Carib Queen; sold for scrap, 25 June 1969 |
| Point Defiance
|LSD-24 |28 May 1945 | |Never |Never |Cancelled, 17 August 1945; broken up on slipway |
| San Marcos
|LSD-25 |1 September 1944 |10 January 1945 |15 April 1945 |1 July 1971 |Transferred to Spain, 1 July 1971; scrapped in 1989 |
| Tortuga
|LSD-26 |rowspan=2|Boston Navy Yard |16 October 1944 |21 January 1945 |8 June 1945 |26 January 1970 |Run aground during storm, 15 December 1987; scrapped, 1988 |
| Whetstone
|LSD-27 |7 April 1945 |18 July 1945 |12 February 1946 |2 April 1970 |Sold for scrap, 17 February 1983 |
=Royal Navy=
| class="wikitable sortable"
!Ship name !Hull number !Builder !Laid down !Launched !Commissioned !Decommissioned !Fate |
| Eastway
|F130 |rowspan=4|Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia |23 November 1942 |21 May 1943 |14 November 1943 |23 April 1946 |Transferred to Greece, 1953; scrapped, 1972 |
| Highway
|F141 |23 November 1942 |19 July 1943 |19 October 1943 |23 April 1946 |Sold for scrap, 17 December 1948 |
| Northway
|F142 |24 May 1943 |18 November 1943 |15 February 1944 |1946 |Sold to a commercial interest, 19 March 1948; scrapped, 1975 |
| Oceanway
|F143 |23 July 1943 |29 December 1943 |29 March 1944 |1947 |Transferred to Greece, March 1947; transferred to France, 1952; sunk as target, 10 February 1970 |
Gallery
File:USS Catamount;10121701.jpg|An LCVP bucks in the well of USS Catamount (LSD-17) during mine clearance operations off Chinnampo, North Korea, in November 1950
File:USS Fort Marion;10122203.jpg|LVTs embarking British commandos leave USS Fort Marion (LSD-22) for the beach at Sorye Dong, Korea, on 7 April 1951
File:USS Casa Grande;10121302.jpg|USS Casa Grande (LSD-13) discharging LCU-1491 from her well deck, circa 1957
File: USS San Marcos with USS Donner.jpg|USS San Marcos (LSD-25, front) with USS Donner (LSD-20, rear)
File:USS Shadwell (LSD-15) in Mobile Bay (02) 2014.jpg|Decommissioned USS Shadwell (LSD-15) in Mobile Bay as a Fire Research asset, 2014
Notes
{{reflist}}
References
{{refbegin}}
- {{Cite Colledge2006}}
- {{cite book| last = Gardiner| first = Robert|author2=Chesneau, Roger| year = 1980| title = Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946| publisher =Conway| isbn = 0-85177-146-7}}
- {{cite book| year = 1996|orig-year=1989| title = Jane's Fighting Ships of World War Two| publisher =Crescent Books|location=New York| isbn = 0-517-67963-9}}
{{refend}}
External links
{{Commons category|Casa Grande class dock landing ships}}
- [http://www.uboat.net/allies/warships/class.html?ID=592 Casa Grande class at Uboat.net]
- [https://books.google.com/books?id=8dwDAAAAMBAJ&dq=1954+Popular+Mechanics+January&pg=PA97 "Mother of Minesweepers."] Popular Mechanics, February 1952, pp. 97–104.
{{Casa Grande-class dock landing ships}}