Caudron C.280 Phalène
| {{Infobox Aircraft Begin
|name=C.280 Phalène |image=Caudron 286-Spanish Civil War.jpg |caption=Caudron C.286 of the Nationalist Spanish Air Force }}{{Infobox Aircraft Type |type=Utility aircraft |manufacturer=Caudron |designer=Paul Deville |first flight=March 1932 |introduced= |retired= |status= |primary user= |more users= |produced= |number built=240 (plus 51 military examples) |variants with their own articles= }} |
The Caudron C.280 Phalène ("Moth") was a civil utility aircraft built in France during the 1930s. It was a high-wing braced monoplane of conventional configuration with fixed tailskid undercarriage. The pilot and two-three passengers were accommodated within an enclosed cabin. The structure was wooden throughout, with the forward fuselage skinned with plywood, and the rest of the aircraft fabric-covered.
The type proved popular on the civil market, with a number of long-distance flights staged to promote it. The French military also purchased a number of examples under the C.400 and C.410 designations. The Caudron C.286 that ended up in the Second Spanish Republic was captured by the nationalist faction and used as liaison aircraft during the Spanish Civil War.{{cite web|title=Spanish Civil War Aircraft|url=http://www.zi.ku.dk/personal/drnash/model/spain/did.html|accessdate=2012-04-14|archive-date=2015-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205085135/http://www.zi.ku.dk/personal/drnash/model/Spain/did.html|url-status=dead}}
Variants
File:Caudron_C.280_Phalène_L'Aerophile_May_1932.jpg
File:Caudron_C.286_L'Aerophile_Salon_1932.jpg
File:Dgobj low 9214886616682953696.jpg
- C.280 - Initial version, powered by {{convert|135|hp|kW|order=flip|abbr=on}} Salmson 9Nc radial engine. Five built.{{harvnb|Simpson|2022|p=91}}
- C.280/6 Phalène - Revised tail, Salmson 9Nc engine. One built.
- C.280/9 Phalène - Fuselage was lengthened by {{convert|20|cm|in|abbr=on}}, Salmson 9nc engine. Three built.
- C.282 Phalène - Powered by a {{convert|100|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Renault 4Pci engine. 11 built.
- C.282/2 Phalène IV - Powered by a {{convert|120|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Renault 4Pdi engine. 21 built.
- C.282/3 Phalène - based on C.282 with reduced fuel and Renault 4Pdi engine. One built.
- C.282/4 Super Phalène - fitted with dual controls, automatic slots and flaps, with Renault 4Pdi engine. Ten built.
- C.282/7 Super Phalène - Renault 4Pdi engine. One built.
- C.282/8 - Major production version, with stretched fuselage and more fuel. Powered by Renault 4Pdi engine. 89 built. equipped with a 108 kW (145 hp) Renault 4Pdi piston engine.
- C282/9 - {{convert|140|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Renault 4Pei. Six built.
- C.282/10 - Equipped with the Merville series 601 propeller and powered by Renault 4Pei. Ten built.
- C.286 Phalène VI - Powered by a {{convert|105|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} de Havilland Gipsy III engine. One built.
- C.286/2 Phalène VI - Powered by {{convert|120|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} de Havilland Gipsy Major I and fitted with rounded wingtips. Eleven built.
- C.286/2S4 Super Phalène and C.286/3S4 Super Phalène' - Special luxury versions, powered by the de Havilland Gipsy Major I engine. Three built.
- C.282/4 Super Phalène - Modified tail as per C.280/6. Gipsy Major I. Five built.
- C.286/5 Super-Phalène - Modified wings and tail. Gipsy Major I. One built.
- C.286/6 Super-Phalène - Based on C.286/5 with Merville 501 propeller. Five built.
- C.286/7 Super-Phalene - equipped with Ratier series 1175 variable-pitch propeller. (Eight built)
- C.286/8 Super-Phalène - The fuselage was lengthened slightly, it was powered by a de Havilland Gipsy Major piston engine. (Four built)
- C.286/9 Super-Phalene - The fuselage was slightly shorter. (One built)
- C.289/2 -Powered by a 112 kW (150 hp) Hispano-Suzia 5Q radial piston engine. (Five built)
- C.400 - Military version. 40 were built for the French Air Force.
- C.401 - Several C.400s were modified for civilian use during the postwar years.
- C.410 - Military version, powered by a 104-kW (140-hp) Renault 4Pdi piston engine. (11 built)
Operators
;{{flag|Belgian Congo}}
;{{FRA}}
;{{LTU}}
- Civil operator - Aero Club of Lithuania - 1 aircraft{{Cite web|title="LAK lėktuvai".|url=https://www.plienosparnai.lt/page.php?248|url-status=live|website=Plieno sparnai|language=lt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803094213/http://www.plienosparnai.lt/page.php?248 |archive-date=2016-08-03 }}
;{{flag|Spain|1931}}
- Civil operator - Caudron C.286 registered EC-ZZZ
;{{flag|Spanish State}}
Specifications (C.282/6)
File:Caudron_C.286_3-view_L'Aerophile_Salon_1932.jpg
{{Aircraft specs
|prime units? = met
|crew=one pilot
|capacity=two-three passengers
|length m=8.25
|length ft=27
|length in=1
|span m=11.62
|span ft=38
|span in=1
|height m=2.05
|height ft=6
|height in=9
|wing area sqm=25.4
|wing area sqft=273
|empty weight kg=1,100
|empty weight lb=2,425
|gross weight kg=550
|gross weight lb=1,213
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Renault 4Pdi
|eng1 kw=108
|eng1 hp=150
|max speed kmh=185
|max speed mph=115
|range km=850
|range miles=528
|ceiling m=4,500
|ceiling ft=14,750
}}
{{aircontent
|related=
|similar aircraft=
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References
{{commonscat}}
{{reflist}}
- {{cite magazine |last=Simpson |first=Rob |title=The Moth Killer! Caudron's Cabin Tourers |magazine=Air-Britain Aviation World |date=Summer 2022 |pages=88–91 |issn=1742-996X}}
- {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages=240 }}
- [http://www.aviafrance.com/constructeur.php?ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=313 aviafrance.com]
{{Caudron aircraft}}
Category:1930s French civil utility aircraft