Cavineño people

{{Infobox ethnic group

| group = Cavineño

| image = 210px

| caption = Two women carrying firewood. Photo by Erland Nordenskiöld 1913-1914.

| total = 3884 (2012) in {{BOL}}

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| langs = Cavineña language, Spanish

| rels = Roman Catholicism (often syncretic with indigenous beliefs)

| related = Araona, Tacana, Ese Ejja

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The Cavineño People (also Cavina, Cavineña, Cavinenyo, Cavinya, Kaviña{{Cite web|last=Congress|first=The Library of|title=Cavineño Indians - LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies {{!}} Library of Congress, from LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies (Library of Congress)|url=https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99013057.html|access-date=2022-01-09|website=id.loc.gov}}) are an ethnic group in Bolivia. They mainly live along the Beni and Madidi rivers. There were 3,884 of them in 2012 of whom 1,173 speak the Cavineña language natively.{{cite web |url=http://inecloud.ine.gob.bo/owncloud/index.php/s/w2ZCFwI7qJrwTwD/download |title=Censo de Población y Vivienda 2012 Bolivia Características de la Población |page=29 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística, República de Bolivia |access-date=2020-04-01 |archive-date=2021-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801173154/https://inecloud.ine.gob.bo/owncloud/index.php/s/w2ZCFwI7qJrwTwD/download |url-status=dead }} Almost all of them speak Spanish as well. According to Alfred Métraux the Cavineño and the Araona people are so intermixed with other Takanan-speaking peoples that it can be difficult to treat them separately.{{Cite book|last=Métraux|first=Alfred|url=http://archive.org/details/nativetribesofea0000metr|title=The native tribes of eastern Bolivia and western Matto Grosso|date=1942|publisher=Washington, U. S. Govt. print. off.|others=Internet Archive}}

They were moved by the end of the 18th century from the Madre de Dios River to the Madidi River. During the rubber fever, from the end of the 19th century, they were, just like many other indigenous peoples in the area, subjected to conditions of semi-slavery. They were later settled at a missionary station at the Beni River. In 1832 there were about 1,000 Cavineño, but only 153 in 1886. Erland Nordenskiöld describes 218 Cavineño in 1913 at the Jesus de Cavina mission.{{Cite book|last=Erland Nordenskiöld|url=http://archive.org/details/nordenskiold_1915_forskningar|title=Forskningar och äventyr i Sydamerika|date=1915}} They were said to speak a Takanan dialect.

Today the Cavineños are grouped into six small communities located in the municipalities of Riberalta and Reyes in Beni and also in Pando. Its largest community is called Puerto Cavinas. They own territories in collective properties that they share with the Tacanas in Beni and with the Ese Ejja and Tacanas in Pando.

References

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Category:Ethnic groups in Bolivia