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Central Tagbanwa language

{{short description|Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines}}

{{distinguish|Aborlan Tagbanwa language|Calamian Tagbanwa language}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Central Tagbanwa

|states=Philippines

|region=Palawan

|ethnicity=Tagbanwa people

|speakers=2,000

|date=1985

|ref = e18

|familycolor=Austronesian

|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian

|fam3=Philippine

|fam4=Greater Central Philippine

|fam5=Palawanic

|script=Tagbanwa script

|iso3=tgt

|glotto=cent2090

|glottorefname=Central Tagbanwa

}}

Central Tagbanwa is spoken on Palawan Island in the Philippines. It is not mutually intelligible with the other languages of the Tagbanwa people.

Phonology

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Central Tagbanwa consonants{{harvp|Scebold|2003|pages=29}}

! colspan="2" |

!Labial

!Alveolar

!Palatal

!Velar

!Glottal

rowspan="2" |Plosive

!voiceless

|{{IPA link|p}}

|{{IPA link|t}}

|

|{{IPA link|k}}

|{{IPA link|ʔ}}

voiced

|{{IPA link|b}}

|{{IPA link|d}}

|

|{{IPA link|ɡ}}

|

colspan="2" |Fricative

|{{IPA link|β}}

|{{IPA link|s}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|h}}

colspan="2" |Nasal

| width="20px" style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|m}}

| width="20px" style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|n}}

|

| width="20px" style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|ŋ}}

|

colspan="2" |Lateral

|

|{{IPA link|l}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Rhotic

|

|{{IPA link|ɾ}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Approximant

|{{IPA link|w}}

|

|{{IPA link|j}}

|

|

  • {{IPA|/t/}} preceding a high front vowel {{IPA|/i/}} is usually realized as an affricate sound {{IPAblink|tʃ}}.{{harvp|Scebold|2003}}
  • {{IPA|/k, ŋ/}} tend to shift to uvular sounds {{IPA|[q, ɴ]}} when adjacent to {{IPA|/a/}}.{{harvp|Scebold|2003|pages=30}}

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Central Tagbanwa vowels

!

! Front

!Central

! Back

align="center"

! Close

|{{IPA link|i}}

|{{IPA link|ɨ}}

|{{IPA link|u}}

align="center"

!Open

|

|{{IPA link|a}}

|

  • {{IPA|/ɨ/}} is usually a high central vowel sound, although it is occasionally moved further back to {{IPAblink|ɯ}}, or lowered to {{IPAblink|ə}}.{{harvp|Scebold|2003|pages=33}}
  • An {{IPA|[o]}} sound is often heard when two back vowels are adjacent to one another, or as an allophone of {{IPA|/u/}}.

Grammar

=Pronouns=

The following set of pronouns are the personal pronouns found in the Central Tagbanwa language. Note: some forms are divided between full and short forms.

class="wikitable"

|+Central Tagbanwa personal pronouns{{harvp|Scebold|2003|pages=45–46}}{{Cite conference |last=Quakenbush |first=J. Stephen |last2=Ruch |first2=Edward |date=2006 |title=Pronoun Ordering and Marking in Kalamianic |url=https://sil-philippines-languages.org/ical/papers/Quakenbush-Pronoun%20Ordering%20and%20Marking%20in%20Kalamianic.pdf |conference=Paper presented at the Tenth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, 17–20 January 2006, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippine |access-date=23 May 2020}}

!

!Direct/Nominative

!Indirect/Genitive

!Oblique

1st person singular

|{{lang|tgt|ako}}

|{{lang|tgt|ko}}

|{{lang|tgt|kakɨn}} ({{lang|tgt|kɨn}})

2nd person singular

|{{lang|tgt|kawa}} ({{lang|tgt|ka}})

|{{lang|tgt|mo}}

|{{lang|tgt|kanimo}} ({{lang|tgt|nimo}})

3rd person singular

|{{lang|tgt|kanya}}

|{{lang|tgt|niya}} ({{lang|tgt|ya}})

|{{lang|tgt|kanya}}

1st person plural inclusive

|{{lang|tgt|kita}}

|{{lang|tgt|ta}}

|{{lang|tgt|katɨn}}

1st person plural exclusive

|{{lang|tgt|kami}}

|{{lang|tgt|kamɨn}}

|{{lang|tgt|kamɨn}}

2nd person plural

|{{lang|tgt|kamo}}

|{{lang|tgt|mi}}

|{{lang|tgt|kanimi}}

3rd person plural

|{{lang|tgt|tila}}

|{{lang|tgt|nila}}

|{{lang|tgt|kanila}}

The demonstratives are as follows.

class="wikitable"

|+Central Tagbanwa demonstratives{{harvp|Scebold|2003|pages=46–48}}

! 

!Direct/Nominative

!Indirect/Genitive

!Oblique

near speaker

|{{lang|tgt|lito}}

|{{lang|tgt|kalito}}

|{{lang|tgt|kaito}}, {{lang|tgt|kito}}

near adressee

|{{lang|tgt|layan}}

|{{lang|tgt|kalayan}}

|

far away

|{{lang|tgt|liti}}

|{{lang|tgt|kaliti}}

|{{lang|tgt|atan}}, {{lang|tgt|doon}}

Notes

{{reflist}}

References

{{refbegin}}

  • {{Cite book |last=Scebold |first=Robert A. |url=https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/13/62/69/136269408536854866987639054783893154128/tgt_Central_Tagbanwa_..._Sociolinguistics__Grammar__and_Lexicon_2003.pdf |title=Central Tagbanwa: A Philippine Language on the Brink of Extinction; Sociolinguistics, Grammar, and Lexicon |publisher=Linguistic Society of the Philippines |year=2003 |isbn=971-780-014-6 |series=Special Monograph Issue, Number 48 |location=Manila |via=sil.org}}

{{refend}}

{{Philippine languages}}

{{Languages of the Philippines}}

Category:Palawanic languages

Category:Languages of Palawan

{{GCPhilippine-lang-stub}}