Char kway teow

{{short description|Southeast Asian rice noodle dish}}

{{about|the Chinese noodle dish usually served in Malaysia and Singapore|the similarly named Indonesian noodle dish|kwetiau goreng}}

{{Hatnote|Not to be confused with the pastry you char kway or the snack chai tow kway.}}

{{EngvarB|date=July 2014}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}

{{Infobox food

| name = Char kway teow

| image = Char kway teow.jpg

| caption = Char kway teow at a hawker centre in Singapore

| alternate_name = Char kuey teow

| country =China (original)
Malaysia{{cite web|url=http://www.tourism.gov.my/en/es/experiences/a-taste-of-malaysia/char-kway-teow|title=Char Kway Teow|publisher=Tourism Malaysia|access-date=9 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012132614/http://www.tourism.gov.my/id-id/experiences/a-taste-of-malaysia/char-kway-teow|archive-date=12 October 2014|url-status=dead}} and Singapore{{cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2015-07-28_134215.html|title=Char kway teow |work=Singapore Infopedia |first=Bonny |last=Tan |publisher=National Library Board}} (adaptation)

| region = Southeast Asia

| national_cuisine = Malaysia and Singapore

| creator = Overseas Chinese laborers in Southeast Asia

| course =

| type = Shahe fen

| served =

| main_ingredient = Shahe fen, light and dark soy sauce, chili paste, belachan, whole prawns, deshelled blood cockles, bean sprouts, Chinese chives, Chinese sausage

| variations =

| calories =

| other =

}}

{{Infobox Chinese

|t=炒粿條

|s=炒粿条

|l=stir-fry ricecake strips (i.e. stir-fried ricecake strips)

|p=chǎo guǒ tiáo

|y=cháau gwó tìuh

|j=caau2 gwo2 tiu4

|poj=chhá-kóe-tiâu

|tl=tshá-kué-tiâu

|altname=Alternative name in
Cantonese-speaking regions

|t2=炒貴刁

|s2=炒贵刁

|p2=chǎo guì diāo

|y2=cháau gwai dīu

|j2=caau2 gwai3 diu1

|l2=transcription from the original name pronunciation in Hokkien (Min Nan)

}}

Char kway teow (sometimes also spelled as char kuey teow, {{zh|t=炒粿條|poj=chhá-kóe-tiâu}}) is a stir-fried rice noodle dish from Maritime Southeast Asia of southern Chinese origin.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20210118-why-noodles-are-malaysias-most-famous-street-food|title=Malaysia's humble 'king of noodles'|date=19 January 2021 |publisher=BBC|access-date=20 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815120304/https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20210118-why-noodles-are-malaysias-most-famous-street-food|archive-date=15 August 2022}}{{cite web|url=http://www.tourism.gov.my/en/es/experiences/a-taste-of-malaysia/char-kway-teow|title=Char Kway Teow|publisher=Tourism Malaysia|access-date=9 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012132614/http://www.tourism.gov.my/id-id/experiences/a-taste-of-malaysia/char-kway-teow|archive-date=12 October 2014|url-status=dead}} In Hokkien and Teochew, char means 'stir-fried' and kway teow refers to flat rice noodles.{{cite web |last1=Tan |first1=Bonny |title=Char kway teow |url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2015-07-28_134215.html |website=Singapore Infopedia |publisher=National Library Board |access-date=9 April 2020}} It is made from flat rice noodles ({{zh|c=河粉|p=hé fěn|cy=hó fán}}) or kway teow ({{zh|c=粿條|poj=kóe-tiâu}}; {{zh|p=guǒ tiáo|cy=gwó tìuh}}) of approximately 1 cm or about 0.5 cm in width, stir-fried over very high heat with garlic, light and dark soy sauce, chili paste, whole prawns, shelled blood cockles, chopped Chinese chives, slices of Chinese sausage, and bean sprouts.{{Cite web|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/eat-drink/2014/04/27/the-famous-penang-char-koay-teow/659305|title=The famous Penang char koay teow | Malay Mail|first=Opalyn|last=Mok|website=www.malaymail.com}} Other common ingredients include fishcake and belachan.

Originally developed and catered to overseas-born Chinese labourers in the Southeast Asia region, the dish has achieved widespread popularity within the region from the late 20th century onwards, particularly in Malaysia and Singapore. The dish has also acquired a reputation of being unhealthy due to its high saturated fat content, as it is traditionally stir-fried in pork fat with crisp croutons of pork lard.

History and etymology

{{Cuisine of China}}

The dish was often sold by fishermen, farmers and cockle-gatherers who doubled as char kway teow hawkers in the evening to supplement their income.{{Cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2015-07-28_134215.html|title=Char kway teow | Infopedia|website=eresources.nlb.gov.sg}} The high fat content and low cost of the dish made it attractive to these people as it was a cheap source of energy and nutrients.{{Cite web|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/kick-your-char-kway-teow-habit|title=Kick your 'char kway teow habit'|date=8 November 2016|website=The Straits Times}}

The term "char kway teow" is a transliteration of the Chinese characters 炒粿條 (in simplified Chinese 炒粿条). The dish's name is Hokkien (chhá-kóe-tiâu?), but the dish may have its roots in Chaozhou in China's Guangdong province and is mostly associated with the Teochew.{{cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2015-07-28_134215.html|title=Char kway teow |work=Singapore Infopedia |first=Bonny |last=Tan |publisher=National Library Board}} The word kóe-tiâu (literally meaning "ricecake strips") generally refers to flat rice noodles, which are the usual ingredient in Singapore and West Malaysia. There is no fixed way of spelling chhá-kóe-tiâu, and many variants can be found: examples include "char kueh teow", "char kuey teow", "char koay teow", "char kueh tiao", "char kuay tiaw", "char kueh tiaw" and so on.{{cite web|url= https://www.malaymail.com/news/life/2021/03/02/its-kuetiau-dbp-standardises-bahasa-melayu-spelling-of-beloved-flat-rice-no/1954054|title= It's 'kuetiau', DBP standardises Bahasa Melayu spelling of beloved flat rice noodles|date= 2 March 2021}}

The dish is sometimes called {{lang|ms|kwetiau goreng}} or {{lang|ms|kuetiau goreng}} in Malay, which conveys the same meaning.{{cite web |title= Char Kway Teow/Fried Flat Rice Noodles (炒粿條) |date= 26 August 2010 |work= My Cooking Hut |url= http://www.mycookinghut.com/2010/08/26/char-kway-teowfried-flat-rice-noodles-%E7%82%92%E7%B2%BF%E6%A2%9D/ |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100830194015/http://www.mycookinghut.com/2010/08/26/char-kway-teowfried-flat-rice-noodles-%E7%82%92%E7%B2%BF%E6%A2%9D/ |url-status= dead |archive-date= 30 August 2010 |access-date= 5 February 2016 }} In some regions of Indonesia,{{where |date=May 2025}} the dish is called mitiau goreng.{{cn |date=May 2025}}

Owing to the dish's popularity and spread to Cantonese-speaking areas, the term "char kway teow" has been corrupted into "炒貴刁" ({{zh|cy=cháau gwai dīu|p=cháo guì diāo|first=j}}) when presented in the aforementioned areas. The term "{{linktext|貴|刁}}" has no real meaning, but its pronunciation in Cantonese and Mandarin is similar to "粿條" in Min Nan.

Variations

"Gourmet" versions of char kway teow, in which the dish may be prepared with more seafood, with crab meat{{cite web| url=http://sigmatestudio.com/2010/03/char-kway-teow-penang-sister/| title=Char Kway Teow – Penang – Sister| date=7 March 2010| publisher=sigmatestudio.com| access-date=28 March 2010}} and with duck eggs, may be found in major Malaysian cities like Ipoh and Penang.{{Cite web|date=2009-11-03|title=Penang Fried Flat Noodles - Char Kuey Teow|url=https://rasamalaysia.com/char-kuey-teow/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=Rasa Malaysia|language=en-US}} In Penang, char kway teow is commonly served on a piece of banana leaf on a plate, which is intended to enhance the aroma of the dish.{{Cite web|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/eat-drink/2015/07/05/on-the-char-kway-teow-trail-in-ipoh/927465|title=On the char kway teow trail in Ipoh | Malay Mail|first=James|last=Tan|website=www.malaymail.com}}

Char kway teow is a popular, inexpensive dish usually eaten for breakfast and sold at food stalls in Singapore.Cheong, S. (2007, March 24). Orr koay teow, anyone. New Straits Times. Retrieved from Factiva. Blood cockles and prawns are standard fare in typical hawker preparations, while more expensive or luxurious versions incorporate cuttlefish, squid, and lobster meat. Singaporean style char kway teow mixes yellow wheat noodles with flat rice noodles. Some cooks prepare more health-conscious versions with extra vegetables and less oil.{{cite web|url=http://www.visitsingapore.com/dining-drinks-singapore/local-dishes/|title=Singapore Food – VisitSingapore|work=visitsingapore.com}}

Char kway teow prepared by Muslims in Malaysia and Singapore excludes lard and pork products, and may incorporate alternative ingredients like beef or chicken. Some versions by Malay cooks may emphasise the use of kerang (Malay for cockles) as a key ingredient, and it may be prepared with or without gravy.{{Cite web|title=Resepi Kuey Teow Kerang Yang Confirm Sedap |url=https://saji.my/resepi-kuey-teow-kerang-yang-confirm-sedap/|access-date=2021-03-30|author=Fazeeda Abdul Malik|website=Saji|date=8 June 2018 |language=ms}}{{Cite web|date=2020-09-24|title=Cara Masak Char Kuey Teow Kerang Sedap Secara Homemade |url=https://www.rasa.my/cara-masak-char-kuey-teow-kerang-sedap-secara-homemade/|access-date=2021-03-30|website=Rasa|language=ms}}

Many Southeast Asian restaurants in Hong Kong offer char kway teow as an overseas specialty, although it is of Southeast Asian Chinese origin. The char kway teow offered in Chinese restaurants which serve Hong Kong-style Cantonese cuisine is an entirely different dish: stir-fried Chinese-style flat rice noodles with prawns, char siu, onions, and bean sprouts, seasoned with curry powder which renders it bright yellow in colour.{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1984/04/01/big-wong/a9ecdd0f-9345-4438-b6d6-f15170973660/|title=Big Wong|first=Phyllis|date=April 1, 1984|last= Richman|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=2021-03-30}} In some places this is known as Fried "Good Dale", a transliteration of the characters "炒貴刁".{{cite web|url=http://dcist.com/2008/07/fried_good_dale.php|title=Fried Good Dale: A Translation Run Amok|work=DCist|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217022056/http://dcist.com/2008/07/fried_good_dale.php|archive-date=17 February 2010|df=dmy-all}}

Gallery

File:Charkwayteow.JPG|A large serving of char kway teow

File:Char kway teow.JPG|Singaporean-style char kway teow, cooked with a mixture of yellow wheat noodles and flat rice noodles

File:Char kway teow in parit buntar.jpg|Penang-style char kway teow, here served on a piece of banana leaf

File:Plates of Char kway teow.jpg|Small plates of char kway teow served at a Singapore carnival

See also

References