Charlotte Jane
{{Short description|Ship of the Canterbury Association}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2017}}
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{{Infobox ship image | Ship image= | Ship caption= }} {{Infobox ship career | Hide header= | Ship country= | Ship flag= {{Shipboxflag|United Kingdom|civil}} | Ship name= Charlotte Jane | Ship namesake= | Ship owner= | Ship operator= | Ship registry= | Ship route= Gravesend, England to Lyttelton Harbour, New Zealand | Ship ordered= | Ship awarded= | Ship builder=Pattersons, Bristol{{cite web |url=http://www.pilgrims.co.nz/charlotte_jane_info.html |title=Charlotte Jane |work=Canterbury Pilgrims and Early Settlers Association Inc. |year=2012 |access-date=24 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208024914/http://pilgrims.co.nz/charlotte_jane_info.html |archive-date=8 February 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }} | Ship original cost= | Ship yard number= | Ship way number= | Ship laid down= | Ship launched= 17 April 1848 | Ship sponsor= | Ship christened= | Ship completed= | Ship acquired= | Ship maiden voyage= | Ship in service= | Ship out of service= | Ship renamed= | Ship reclassified= | Ship refit= | Ship struck= | Ship reinstated= | Ship homeport= | Ship motto= | Ship nickname= | Ship fate= | Ship notes= | Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header= | Ship class= | Ship type= | Ship tonnage= | Ship displacement= | Ship tons burthen= 730 tons bm | Ship length= {{Convert|131|ft|8|in|m|abbr=on}} | Ship beam= {{Convert|32|ft|4|in|abbr=on}} | Ship height= | Ship draught= | Ship depth= {{Convert|21|ft|8|in|abbr=on}} | Ship hold depth= | Ship decks= | Ship deck clearance= | Ship sail plan= Full-rigged ship | Ship speed= | Ship range= | Ship endurance= | Ship boats= | Ship capacity= | Ship troops= | Ship crew= | Ship time to activate= | Ship sensors= | Ship EW= | Ship armament= | Ship notes= }} |
Charlotte Jane was one of the First Four Ships in 1850 to carry emigrants from England to the new colony of Canterbury in New Zealand.
Maiden voyage
The Charlotte Jane departed from England in 1848, bound for Sydney. Captain Alexander Lawrence set sail with his wife, Miriam Lawrence, their baby daughter, a teenage nursemaid, a surgeon and 264 emigrants. After Australia, they sailed to Hong Kong, Singapore, Bombay, Whampoa (Canton), before returning via Cape Town to London.{{cite book |last1=Lawrence |first1=Miriam |title=The Maiden Voyage of the Charlotte Jane 1848-1850 |date=2021-10-28 |publisher=Grosvenor House Publishing Ltd. |editor1-last=Moggridge |editor1-first=Cass |editor2-last=Moggridge |editor2-first=Hal|isbn=978-1-83975-495-1 |pages=176}}
Second voyage: Passage from England to New Zealand
Under the command of Captain Alexander Lawrence, the Charlotte Jane left Plymouth Sound at midnight, Saturday, 7 September 1850. She sighted Stewart Island on Wednesday, 11 December 1850, and dropped her anchor in Port Victoria (Lyttelton Harbour) on Monday, 16 December 1850, at 10 o'clock in the morning. Her passage was 99 days from port to port or 93 days from land to land. She carried 26 chief cabin, 24 intermediate, and 104 steerage passengers including a chaplain and a surgeon.{{cite news |date=11 January 1851 |title=SHIPPING NEWS. |volume=1 |page=5 |work=Lyttelton Times |issue=1 |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT18510111.2.7 |quote=ARRIVED. ... Dec. 16. ship Charlotte Jane, 720 tons, Lawrence, master, from Plymouth Sep. 7, with 26 cabin, 24 intermediate, and 104 steerage passengers.}} There were one birth, one marriage and three deaths during the voyage. All the deaths were very young children, with one even dying before the ship departed Plymouth and was buried on shore there.{{cite news |title=THE "CHARLOTTE JANE." |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT18510111.2.3.1 |access-date=19 January 2021 |work=Lyttelton Times |issue=1 |volume=1 |date=11 January 1851 |page=2}}
=Arrival in Lyttelton=
The First Four ships together carried an estimated 790 passengers. In addition, about another 60 worked their passage on the ships or deserted and disembarked. The first of the vessels to arrive was Charlotte Jane in Lyttelton on 16 December 1850 in the morning. Charlotte Jane carried the equipment for the production of the region's first newspaper, the Lyttelton Times, which was first published less than one month after the ship's arrival.{{cite web |url= http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/Heritage/Newspapers/LytteltonTimes/About/index.asp |title=About the Lyttelton Times – January 11, 1851 |work=Christchurch City Libraries |year=2012 |access-date=1 April 2011}}
Charlotte Jane departed Port Victoria (Lyttelton) on 7 January 1851 bound for Sydney with two passengers.{{cite news |title=SHIPPING NEWS. |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT18510111.2.7 |work=Lyttelton Times |issue=1 |volume=1 |date=11 January 1851 |page=5 |quote=SAILED ... Jan. 7, ship Charlotte Jane, 720 tons; Lawrence, master, for Sydney, Passengers, Messrs. Welsh and Rankin.}}
The ship is remembered in the name of a road, Charlotte Jane Quay, in the port town of Lyttelton.{{cn|date=January 2021}}
=Passengers=
Charlotte Jane carried approximately 154 passengers. Exact numbers are not known because the surgeons' lists and the shipping lists do not match, and some young children were not counted.{{cite web |year=2012 |title=The First Four Ships |url=http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/Heritage/EarlyChristchurch/FirstFourShips.asp |access-date=7 January 2010 |work=Christchurch City Libraries}}
The passengers aboard these four ships were referred to as "the Pilgrims". Their names are inscribed on marble plaques in Cathedral Square in the centre of Christchurch, where 157 passengers are listed.
==Notable passengers==
The first passenger who leapt onto the shore was James FitzGerald,{{cite web |url= http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/Heritage/EarlyChristchurch/JamesEdwardFitzgerald.asp |title=James Edward Fitzgerald |work=Christchurch City Libraries |year=2012 |access-date=24 July 2012}} who became an important politician in New Zealand. One of Charlotte Jane's most notable passengers was the architect Benjamin Mountfort.{{cite web |url= http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1m57/1 |title=Benjamin Woolfield Mountfort |first=Ian J. |last= Lochhead |work=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand |year=2012 |access-date=24 July 2012}} Charles Bowen was later Speaker of the New Zealand Legislative Council.{{DNZB|last=Lineham|first=Peter J.|id=1b26|title=Bowen, Charles Christopher – Biography|accessdate=31 October 2011}} James Stuart-Wortley was a member of the 1st New Zealand Parliament before he returned to England in 1855.{{cite web|title=The Charlotte Jane |url= http://shadowsoftime.co.nz/charlottejane.html |publisher=Shadows of Time|access-date=12 January 2012}} James Temple Fisher was elected to Parliament in 1876.{{cite book |last= Wilson |first= James Oakley |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 |edition= 4th |orig-year= First ed. published 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher= V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |oclc=154283103 |page=196}} Edward Bishop was the 6th Mayor of Christchurch.{{cite book|title=The Cyclopedia of New Zealand (Canterbury Provincial District)|publisher=Cyclopedia Company Limited |location=Christchurch|year=1903 |chapter=Mr. Edward Brenchley Bishop |url= http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc03Cycl-t1-body1-d3-d9-d7.html#name-420450-mention |access-date=16 October 2012}} Harriet Ritchie became the first nurse at Lyttelton Hospital.{{Cite book|title=The Book of New Zealand Women |last=Macdonald |first=Charlotte |publisher=Bridget Williams Books |year=1991|isbn=0 908912 04 8|location=Wellington |pages=609–611}} Alfred Barker was the surgeon on the voyage. He was Canterbury's first doctor and is remembered for his photography.{{DNZB|title=Alfred Charles Barker|first= John B.|last= Turner|id=1b4|accessdate=1 December 2011}} Elizabeth Horrell taught on the ship on the voyage out and was appointed schoolteacher in Lyttelton on her arrival there, becoming Canterbury's first female schoolteacher.{{Cite web|last=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu Taonga|first=|title=Horrell, Elizabeth|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1h34/horrell-elizabeth|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-03|website=teara.govt.nz|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130704221319/http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1h34/horrell-elizabeth |archive-date=4 July 2013 }}
References
{{Commons category|Charlotte Jane}}
{{Reflist}}
{{First Four Ships}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Charlotte Jane}}
Category:Victorian-era passenger ships of the United Kingdom
Category:History of Christchurch
Category:Canterbury Association