Chengiopanax sciadophylloides

Chengiopanax sciadophylloides has been found to be a specific hyperaccumulator of manganese even in soils not contaminated with excessive amounts of manganese. In wild plants manganese concentrations of up to {{convert|23|g/kg}} of dried leaf have been analyzed.{{cite journal|last1=Mizuno|first1=Takafumi|last2=Emori|first2=Kanae|last3=Ito|first3=Shin-ichiro|title=Manganese hyperaccumulation from non-contaminated soil in Chengiopanax sciadophylloides Franch. et Sav. and its correlation with calcium accumulation|journal=Soil Science and Plant Nutrition|date=2013|volume=59|issue=4|pages=591–602|doi=10.1080/00380768.2013.807213|doi-access=free|bibcode=2013SSPN...59..591M }}

After the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in March 2011 it was found that Chengiopanax sciadophylloides accumulated the radioactive isotope Caesium-137 to concentrations above the human consumption guideline of 100 becquerels per kilogram of fresh weight even as far away as Nagano and Iwate Prefectures. Analysis of leaves taken from Chengiopanax sciadophylloides in August and October 2013 from a forest {{convert|37|km}} northwest of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant found a mean concentration of 28,100 becquerels per kilogram of dry weight, over three times those of other trees. They also accumulated the non-radioactive Caesium-133 more than other trees.{{cite journal|last1=Sugiura|first1=Yuki|last2=Kanasashi|first2=Tsutomu|last3=Ogata|first3=Yoshimune|last4=Ozawa|first4=Hajime|last5=Takenaka|first5=Chisato|title=Radiocesium accumulation properties of Chengiopanax sciadophylloides|journal=Journal of Environmental Radioactivity|date=2016|volume=151|issue=1|pages=250–7|doi=10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.10.021|pmid=26536624|bibcode=2016JEnvR.151..250S |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283499574|accessdate=27 May 2017}}

Known as koshiabura (コシアブラ), gonzetsu and gonzetsunoki{{cite journal|last1=Brussell|first1=David Eric|title=Araliaceae species used for culinary and medicinal purposes in Niigata-ken, Japan.|journal=Economic Botany|date=2004|volume=58|issue=4|pages=736–739|doi=10.1663/0013-0001(2004)058[0736:ASUFCA]2.0.CO;2|jstor=4256887}} in Japanese cuisine, it is foraged in the wild in spring for the young leaves as sansai ("mountain vegetables").*{{cite web|author=MAFF|publisher=Ministry of Agriculture|title=山菜関係資料(Sansai-related material)|url=http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/j/tokuyou/tokusan/megurujoukyou/pdf/5sannsai.pdf|date=Dec 2004|accessdate=September 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420104222/http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/j/tokuyou/tokusan/megurujoukyou/pdf/5sannsai.pdf|archive-date=April 20, 2012|url-status=dead}} (government website PDF) It is called the "queen of sansai" and often used in tempura, but also popular in a range of dishes. The highest grade of buds is as small as a calligraphy brush, and thus called fude ha ("leaf of brush").{{cite web|title=Koshiabura|url=http://www.specialtyproduce.com/produce/Koshiabura_10469.php|website=Specialty Produce|accessdate=27 May 2017}}

A decoction of the roots, tea of the root bark, and tea of the leaf were used in Niigata Prefecture as a folk remedy.{{cite journal|last1=Brussell|first1=David Eric|title=Araliaceae species used for culinary and medicinal purposes in Niigata-ken, Japan.|journal=Economic Botany|date=2004|volume=58|issue=4|pages=736–739|doi=10.1663/0013-0001(2004)058[0736:ASUFCA]2.0.CO;2|jstor=4256887}}{{When|date=April 2025}}

A lacquer-like coating material called {{Nihongo|kinshitsu|金漆}} used to be made from the sap.{{Cite web |author=NAGY 植物図鑑 |url=http://www.nagy-flora.jp/species/k/koshi-abura.htm |script-title=ja:コシアブラ |language=Japanese |accessdate=August 23, 2009 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090726122712/http://www.nagy-flora.jp/species/k/koshi-abura.htm |archivedate=July 26, 2009 }} The polyacetylenes in the plant sap were polymerised by sunlight to produce the hard resin varnish. Two other members of the Araliaceae, Dendropanax trifidus and Gamblea innovans, may also have been sources for this lacquer in Japan. The lacquer was used to prevent corrosion of suits of armour and helmets, with related species providing a similar lacquer used in China during the Tang dynasty and in Korea.{{cite journal|last1=Terada|first1=Akira|last2=Tanoue|first2=Yasuhiro|last3=Kishimoto|first3=Daishiro|title=(−)-(9Z)-1,9-Heptadecadiene-4,6-diyn-3-ol as a Principal Component of the Resinous Sap of Evodiopanax innovans Nakai, Japanese Name, Takanotsume, and Its Role in an Ancient Golden Varnish of Japan|journal=Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan|date=1989|volume=62|issue=9|pages=2977–2980|doi=10.1246/bcsj.62.2977|doi-access=free}}

The wood is used for general construction and for chopsticks. The wood is regarded as auspicious and is valued in the Sasano-Bori doll carving tradition in Yonezawa (along with the wood of the Pagoda Tree) for its strength and flexibility.{{cite web|title=Wooden Carving|url=http://www.japanese-doll.biz/group/carving.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040928102700/http://www.japanese-doll.biz/group/carving.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=September 28, 2004|website=Takumi Traditional Japanese Dolls & Gifts|publisher=TLT Co. Ltd|accessdate=28 May 2017}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{Commons category-inline|Chengiopanax sciadophylloides}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q15546763}}

Category:Araliaceae

Category:Leaf vegetables

Category:Flora of Japan

Category:Endemic flora of Japan

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