Chief of Defence (Sweden)

{{Short description|Highest-ranking professional military officer in the Swedish Armed Forces}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}

{{Infobox official post

| post = Chief of Defence

| body = the Swedish Armed Forces

| native_name = {{small|Överbefälhavaren}}

| insignia =

| insigniasize =

| insigniacaption =

| flag = Kommandotecken Överbefälhavaren.svg

| flagsize =

| flagborder =

| flagcaption = Command flag of the Chief of Defence

| image = Lieutenant General Michael Claesson, Chief of the Defense Staff, Armed Forces of Sweden, at the Pentagon, Washington, D.C. on January 22, 2024 (cropped).jpg

| imagesize =

| alt =

| incumbent = General Michael Claesson

| acting =

| incumbentsince = 1 October 2024

| department = Swedish Armed Forces

| style =

| type =

| status =

| abbreviation =

| member_of =

| reports_to = The Government
{{nobreak|{{small|(in practice through the Minister for Defence)}}}}

| residence = Karlberg Palace

| seat = Lidingövägen 24, Stockholm, Sweden

| nominator = Minister for Defence

| appointer = The Government

| appointer_qualified =

| termlength =

| termlength_qualified =

| constituting_instrument = [https://www.notisum.se/rnp/sls/lag/20071266.htm# Förordning (2007:1266) med instruktion för Försvarsmakten]
(current ordinance)

| precursor = None{{efn|There was no single career officer in charge of all the forces before the creation of this position (all senior service commanders reported directly to the King and his Council).}}

| formation = 8 December 1939

| first = Olof Thörnell

| last =

| abolished =

| succession =

| unofficial_names =

| deputy = Director General of the Swedish Armed Forces

| salary =

| website = {{Official site|https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/en/about/organisation/chief-of-defence/}}

}}

The Chief of Defence, formerly the Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces{{efn|Chief of Defence has been used since Sweden joined NATO in 2024. Prior to this, the title Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces was used. See sources here:{{cite web |url=http://www.2d.lviv.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Grafisk_identitet_v1.3_130916.pdf |publisher=Swedish Armed Forces |title=Försvarsmaktens gemensamma identitet – direktiv för användandet av Försvarsmaktens namn, profil och bild |version=1.3 |date=2013-09-16 |access-date=20 November 2024 |language=sv |page=67 |archive-date=2018-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223052318/http://www.2d.lviv.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Grafisk_identitet_v1.3_130916.pdf |url-status=dead}}{{harvnb|Gullberg|1977|p=1233}}{{cite book |url=https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/siteassets/4-om-myndigheten/dokumentfiler/publikationer/swedish-armed-forces-2009.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609133808/https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/siteassets/4-om-myndigheten/dokumentfiler/publikationer/swedish-armed-forces-2009.pdf |title=The pocket guide to the Swedish Armed Forces 2009 |year=2009 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |publisher=Public Relations Office, Swedish Armed Forces |location=Stockholm |id={{SELIBR|11880292}} |page=8}}{{cite book |url=https://www.regeringen.se/contentassets/dd76044cc9d3418eb8055394998f78d4/namnboken-12e-upplagan.pdf |title=Utrikes namnbok: svenska myndigheter, organisationer, titlar, EU-organ och länder på engelska, tyska, franska, spanska, finska och ryska |edition=12th |year=2024 |publisher=Utrikesdepartementet, Regeringskansliet |location=Stockholm |isbn=978-91-527-6803-7 |id= |page=103}}}} ({{langx|sv|överbefälhavaren}}; acronym: ÖB) is the highest ranked professional military officer in the Swedish Armed Forces, and is by NATO terminology the Swedish chief of defence equivalent. The Chief of Defence is the agency head of the Swedish Armed Forces and formally reports to the Government of Sweden, though normally through the Minister for Defence.{{cite web | url = http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/en/our-organisation/supreme-commander/ | title = Supreme Commander | publisher = Swedish Armed Forces | access-date = 2014-10-24 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141024163719/http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/en/our-organisation/supreme-commander/ | archive-date = 2014-10-24 }}{{efn|Although the Minister for Defence heads the Ministry of Defence, the Minister cannot as a general rule issue directives in his/her own right to the Chief of Defence or any other agency director-general in the defence portfolio due to the Swedish prohibition on ministerial rule, unless such authority is provided for in specific statutory provisions.}} The primary responsibilities and duties of the Chief of Defence (and the charter for the Armed Forces) are prescribed in an ordinance issued by the Government.{{cite web | url = http://www.notisum.se/rnp/sls/lag/20071266.htm | publisher = Swedish Code of Statutes |title = Förordning (2007:1266) med instruktion för Försvarsmakten |via=www.notisum.se | access-date = 2014-10-24 | language = sv}}

The Chief of Defence is, apart from the honorary ranks held by the King of Sweden and in the past other members of the Swedish royal family, by unwritten convention normally the only professional military officer on active duty to hold the highest rank (a four-star General or Admiral).{{cite web |url=http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/organisation/overbefalhavaren/overbefalhavaren-i-historien/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504034305/http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/organisation/overbefalhavaren/overbefalhavaren-i-historien/ |publisher=Swedish Armed Forces |title=Överbefälhavare i historien |access-date=2014-10-24 |archive-date=4 May 2019 |language=sv}} An exception was made 2009-2014 when Håkan Syrén was chairman of the European Union Military Committee.

The present Chief of Defence, General Michael Claesson, took office on 1 October 2024.

History

Before the modern era, the King was expected to command the forces himself; not seldom on location during war campaigns as shown by Gustavus Adolphus, Charles X, Charles XI, Charles XII and Gustav III. This remained the case formally until the 20th century. From the late 19th century onwards, there were no service chiefs of the Army or Navy; all senior service commanders reported directly to the King in Council. Apart from a single Minister for Defence created in 1919 by merging the position of ministers of the land forces and naval forces, no joint command structure existed.

In 1936, a Supreme Commander was intended to be appointed in war-time-only, and on 1 December 1939, during World War II, the first Supreme Commander, General Olof Thörnell, was appointed. In 1942 it was decided to keep this office even after the end of the war. The Supreme Commander would in wartime formally report to the King in Council until the enactment of the new Instrument of Government in 1974, and after 1 January 1975 to the Government.

Heraldry

The coat of arms of the Chief of Defence was used from 1991 to 1993. It has since 1993 been used by the Swedish Armed Forces and was used from 1994 to 2001 by the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters. Blazon: "Azure, lesser coat of arms of Sweden, three open crowns or placed two and one. The shield surmounting an erect sword of the last colour".{{harvnb|Braunstein|2006|p=13}}

File:Försvarsmakten vapen bra.svg|Coat of arms of the Chief of Defence used 1991 to 1993.

The command flag of the Chief of Defence is drawn by Brita Grep and embroidered by hand by the Kedja studio, Heraldica. Blazon: "Fessed in blue and yellow; on blue three open yellow crowns placed two and one, on yellow two blue batons of command with sets of open yellow crowns placed two and one in saltire."{{harvnb|Braunstein|2004|p=105}}

File:Överbefälhavarens befälstecken MM 25330.jpg|Command flag of the Chief of Defence.

File:Kommandotecken Överbefälhavaren.svg|Command sign of the Chief of Defence.

List of Chiefs of Defence

{{Officeholder table start

| showorder = y

| showimage = y

| image_title = Portrait

| showparty = n

| showdefencebranch = y

| showtermlenght = y

| showref = y

| showcabinet = y

| cabinet_title = Prime Minister

}}

|-

|-style="text-align:center;"

!colspan=9|Supreme Commander (1937–2024)

|-

{{Officeholder table

| order = 1

| image = Olof Thörnell AMA.0000902.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Olof Thörnell {{post-nominals|country=SWE|size=75%|sep=,|RoKKMO|KmstkSO|RVO}}

| officeholder_sort = Thörnell, Olof

| born_year = 1877

| died_year = 1977

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 8 December 1939

| term_end = 31 March 1944

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1939|12|8|1944|3|31}}

| ref =

| cabinet = Per Albin Hansson

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 2

| image = Helge_Jung_AMA.0000829_(cropped).jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Helge Jung {{post-nominals|country=SWE|size=75%|sep=,|RoKKMO|KmstkSO|RVO1kl|RNO}}

| officeholder_sort = Jung, Helge

| born_year = 1886

| died_year = 1978

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 1 April 1944

| term_end = 31 March 1951

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1944|4|1|1951|3|31}}

| ref =

| cabinet = Per Albin Hansson
Tage Erlander

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 3

| image = Generalmajor Nils Per Robert Swedlund.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Nils Swedlund {{post-nominals|country=SWE|size=75%|sep=,|RoKKMO|KmstkSO|KNO2kl|RVO}}

| officeholder_sort = Swedlund, Nils

| born_year = 1898

| died_year = 1965

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 1 April 1951{{efn|Appointed on 26 January 1951.{{harvnb|Zetterberg|2014|p=542}}}}

| term_end = 30 September 1961

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1951|4|1|1961|9|30}}

| ref =

| cabinet = Tage Erlander

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 4

| image = Torsten Rapp 001.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Torsten Rapp {{post-nominals|country=SWE|size=75%|sep=,|RoKKMO|KmstkSO|RNO|RVO}}

| officeholder_sort = Rapp, Torsten

| born_year = 1905

| died_year = 1993

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Air Force |2=50px
Air Force }}

| term_start = 1 October 1961

| term_end = 30 September 1970

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1961|10|1|1970|9|30}}

| ref =

| cabinet = Tage Erlander
Olof Palme

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 5

| image = Stig_Synnergren.jpg|bSize = 150px|cWidth = 100|cHeight = 125|oTop = 7|oLeft = 15

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Stig Synnergren {{post-nominals|country=SWE|size=75%|sep=,|KmstkSO}}

| officeholder_sort = Synnergren, Stig

| born_year = 1915

| died_year = 2004

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 1 October 1970

| term_end = 30 September 1978

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1970|10|1|1978|9|30}}

| ref =

| cabinet = Olof Palme
Thorbjörn Fälldin

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 6

| image = Karl Hilmer Lennart Ljung GMSF.002580.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Lennart Ljung {{post-nominals|country=SWE|size=75%|sep=,|KSO1kl}}

| officeholder_sort = Ljung, Lennart

| born_year = 1921

| died_year = 1990

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 1 October 1978

| term_end = 30 September 1986

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1978|10|1|1986|9|30}}

| ref =

| cabinet = Thorbjörn Fälldin
Ola Ullsten
Olof Palme
Ingvar Carlsson

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 7

| image = Bengt Gustafsson MILI.030059.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Bengt Gustafsson

| officeholder_sort = Gustafsson, Bengt

| born_year = 1933

| died_year = 2019

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 1 October 1986

| term_end = 30 June 1994

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1986|10|1|1994|6|30}}

| ref =

| cabinet = Ingvar Carlsson
Carl Bildt

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 8

| image = ÖB Owe Wiktorin.webp

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Owe Wiktorin

| officeholder_sort = Wiktorin, Owe

| born_year = 1940

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Air Force |2=50px
Air Force }}

| term_start = 1 July 1994

| term_end = 30 June 2000

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1994|7|1|2000|6|30}}

| ref = {{harvnb|Mortensen|2000|p=B19}}

| cabinet = Carl Bildt
Ingvar Carlsson
Göran Persson

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 9

| image = Johan Ivar Hederstedt GMSF.023536.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Johan Hederstedt

| officeholder_sort = Hederstedt, Johan

| born_year = 1943

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 1 July 2000

| term_end = 31 December 2003

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2000|6|30|2003|12|31}}

| ref = {{cite news |url=http://www.expressen.se/nyheter/johan-hederstedt-avgar-som-ob-vid-arsskiftet/ |newspaper=Expressen |title=Johan Hederstedt avgår som ÖB vid årsskiftet |agency=TT |date=4 November 2003 |access-date=28 April 2017 |language=sv}}

| cabinet = Göran Persson

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 10

| image = Håkan Syrén Feb 2010.jpg|bSize = 150px|cWidth = 100|cHeight = 125|oTop = 7|oLeft = 15

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Håkan Syrén

| officeholder_sort = Syrén, Håkan

| born_year = 1952

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Navy, Amphibious |2=50px
Navy
{{small|(Amphibious Corps)}} }}

| term_start = 1 January 2004

| term_end = 24 March 2009

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2004|1|1|2009|3|24}}

| ref =

| cabinet = Göran Persson
Fredrik Reinfeldt

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 11

| image = Sverker Göranson May 26, 2013.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Sverker Göranson

| officeholder_sort = Göranson, Sverker

| born_year = 1954

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 25 March 2009

| term_end = 30 September 2015

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2009|3|25|2015|9|30}}

| ref = {{cite press release |date=6 March 2009 |title=Sverker Göranson blir ny överbefälhavare |trans-title=Sverker Göranson becomes new Supreme Commander |url=http://www.regeringen.se/49bb51/contentassets/ff30cab3a3b146a98345a22e649ae21b/pressmeddelanden-2006-2010---forsvarsminister-sten-tolgfors |publisher=Government Offices of Sweden |agency=Ministry of Defence |page=615 |access-date=2017-04-26 |language=sv}}

| cabinet = Fredrik Reinfeldt
Stefan Löfven

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 12

| image = Micael Bydén in 2024.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Micael Bydén

| officeholder_sort = Bydén, Micael

| born_year = 1964

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Air Force |2=50px
Air Force }}

| term_start = 1 October 2015

| term_end = 30 September 2024

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2015|10|1|2024|9|30}}

| ref = {{cite web | url = http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/aktuellt/2015/09/micael-byden-ny-ob/ |title = Micael Bydén ny ÖB | publisher = Swedish Armed Forces | language = sv | access-date = 2015-09-11 }}

| cabinet = Stefan Löfven
Magdalena Andersson
Ulf Kristersson

}}

|-

|-style="text-align:center;"

!colspan=9|Chiefs of Defence (2024–present)

|-

{{Officeholder table

| order = 13

| image = 240122-A-UH083-1017 Michael Claesson.jpg

| military_rank = General

| officeholder = Michael Claesson

| officeholder_sort = Claesson, Michael

| born_year = 1965

| defence_branch = {{sort|1=Army |2=50px
Army }}

| term_start = 1 October 2024

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2024|10|01}}

| ref = {{cite web |url=https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/aktuellt/2024/06/generallojtnant-michael-claesson-blir-ny-ob-i-host/ |publisher=Swedish Armed Forces |title=Generallöjtnant Michael Claesson blir ny ÖB i höst |trans-title=Lieutenant General Michael Claesson will be the new Chief of Defence this autumn |date=7 June 2024 |access-date=24 September 2024 |language=sv}}

| cabinet = Ulf Kristersson

}}

{{Officeholder table end}}

= Timeline =

ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:10

PlotArea = top:10 bottom:50 right:130 left:20

AlignBars = late

DateFormat = yyyy

Period = from:1935 till:2030

TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1935

Define $now = 2024

Colors =

id:ar value:green legend: Army

id:ma value:darkblue legend: Navy

id:fv value:skyblue legend: Air_Force

id:time value:rgb(0.9,0.9,0.9)

Legend = orientation:vertical position:right

LineData =

layer:back

width:0.1

color:time

at:1935

at:1940

at:1945

at:1950

at:1955

at:1960

at:1965

at:1970

at:1975

at:1980

at:1985

at:1990

at:1995

at:2000

at:2005

at:2010

at:2015

at:2020

at:2025

at:2030

BarData =

barset:PM

bar:thörnell

bar:jung

bar:swedlund

bar:rapp

bar:synnergren

bar:ljung

bar:gustafsson

bar:wiktorin

bar:hederstedt

bar:syren

bar:göranson

bar:bydén

bar:claesson

PlotData=

width:6 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

barset:PM

bar:thörnell from: 1939 till: 1944 color:ar text:Thörnell

bar:jung from: 1944 till: 1951 color:ar text:Jung

bar:swedlund from: 1951 till: 1961 color:ar text:Swedlund

bar:rapp from: 1961 till: 1970 color:fv text:Rapp

bar:synnergren from: 1970 till: 1978 color:ar text:Synnergren

bar:ljung from: 1978 till: 1986 color:ar text:Ljung

bar:gustafsson from: 1986 till: 1994 color:ar text:Gustafsson

bar:wiktorin from: 1994 till: 2000 color:fv text:Wiktorin

bar:hederstedt from: 2000 till: 2004 color:ar text:Hederstedt

bar:syren from: 2004 till: 2009 color:ma text:Syrén

bar:göranson from: 2009 till: 2015 color:ar text:Göranson

bar:bydén from: 2015 till: 2024 color:fv text:Bydén

bar:claesson from: 2024 till: $now color:ar text:Claesson

Every time a new Chief of Defence is to be appointed, there is some debate between the different services. Some feel that some kind of rotational system would be appropriate. In actuality, most Chiefs of Defence have come from the Army, and only one, Håkan Syrén, from the Navy. Because he is a general of the Amphibious Corps, there has to this day not been a single admiral to hold the office.

List of Deputy Supreme Commanders

Until 30 June 1994, the Chief of the Defence Staff was the second most senior member of the Swedish Armed Forces. When the Swedish Armed Forces was reorganized on 1 July 1994, the Chief of the Defence Staff position was abolished. Lieutenant General Percurt Green became the first Deputy Chief of Defence who took office on 1 July 1994. He also held the post of head of the Joint Operations Command (Operationsledningen, OpL).{{harvnb|Braconier|1994|p=8}}

In conjunction with the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters reorganization in 1998, a special position was created as Deputy Chief of Defence to relieve the Chief of Defence. The Deputy Chief of Defence led the Headquarters work through coordination of the operations. He also exercised employer responsibility for the staff in the Headquarters. In order to coordinate the operations he had a Coordination Department.{{harvnb|Johansson|1998|p=}} The Deputy Chief of Defence also acted as the Deputy Agency Executive (Ställföreträdande myndighetschef).{{cite journal |url=http://www.fht.nu/bilder/Flygvapnet/Flygvapennytt/fv_nytt_2_98_nya_hogkvarteret.pdf |journal=Flygvapennytt |publisher=Flygstaben |title=Nya högkvarteret |number=2 |year=1998 |location=Stockholm |language=sv |id={{SELIBR|8257600}} |page=4}} A formal position of head of the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters was established in 2002.{{harvnb|Försvarsberedningen|2004|p=131}}

From 1 October 2005, the post of Deputy Chief of Defence became the Director General of the Swedish Armed Forces held by a civil servant.{{cite press release |url=https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/forsvarsdepartementet/pressreleases/generaldirektoer-och-staellfoeretraedande-chef-foer-foersvarsmakten-34119 |publisher=Ministry of Defence |title=Generaldirektör och ställföreträdande chef för Försvarsmakten |date=2005-06-30 |access-date=12 May 2021 |language=sv |via=Mynewsdesk}}

{{Officeholder table start

| showorder = y

| showimage = y

| showparty = n

| showdefencebranch = y

| showtermlenght = y

| showref = y

| showcabinet = y

| cabinet_title = Prime Minister

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 1

| image =

| military_rank = Lieutenant General

| officeholder = Percurt Green

| officeholder_sort = Green, Percurt

| born_year = 1939

| died_year =

| defence_branch = 50px
Army

| term_start = 1 July 1994

| term_end = 30 June 1998

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1994|7|1|1998|6|30}}

| ref = {{harvnb|Höglund|1998|p=2}}

| cabinet = Carl Bildt
Ingvar Carlsson
Göran Persson

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 2

| image = Vice Admiral Frank Rosenius at Hunter Army Airfield, Georgia 1999 (crop).jpg

| military_rank = Vice Admiral

| officeholder = Frank Rosenius

| officeholder_sort = Rosenius, Frank

| born_year = 1940

| died_year =

| defence_branch = 50px
Navy

| term_start = 1 July 1998

| term_end = 2000

| timeinoffice = {{age in years|1998|2000}} years

| ref =

| cabinet = Göran Persson

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = 3

| image = Hans Göran Berndtson.jpg

| military_rank = Lieutenant General

| officeholder = Hans Berndtson

| officeholder_sort = Berndtson, Hans

| born_year = 1945

| died_year =

| defence_branch = 50px
Army

| term_start = 1 January 2001{{efn|Berndtson was appointed on 19 April 2000. He formally took office on 1 January 2001, but came from 1 July 2000 to help the then newly appointed Supreme Commander, General Johan Hederstedt.{{cite news |url=https://tidningar.kb.se/8224221/2000-04-20/edition/11184/part/1/page/10/ |newspaper=Dagens Nyheter |title=Försvaret |agency=TT |page=A 10 |date=20 April 2000 |access-date=7 May 2020 |language=sv |url-access=limited}}}}

| term_end = 31 October 2004

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2001|1|1|2004|10|31}}

| ref = {{cite press release |url=https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/forsvarsdepartementet/pressreleases/staellfoeretraedande-oeb-i-foersvarsmakten-33985 |publisher=Ministry of Defence |title=Ställföreträdande ÖB i Försvarsmakten |date=25 March 2004 |access-date=18 February 2022 |via=Mynewsdesk |language=sv}}

| cabinet = Göran Persson

}}

{{Officeholder table

| order = -

| image = Jan Salestrand01.jpg

| military_rank = Lieutenant General

| officeholder = Jan Salestrand

| officeholder_sort = Salestrand, Jan

| born_year = 1954

| died_year =

| defence_branch = 50px
Air Force

| term_start = 31 January 2013

| term_end = 18 March 2013

| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2013|1|31|2013|3|18}}

| ref = {{cite web |url=http://www.regeringen.se/sb/d/17025/a/208197 |publisher=Ministry of Defence |title=Generallöjtnant Jan Salestrand vikarierande överbefälhavare och chef för Försvarsmakten |access-date=21 November 2017 |language=sv}}{{dead link|date=July 2020|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}{{cite news |url=http://www.svt.se/nyheter/sverige/ob-ater-pa-jobbet |publisher=Sveriges Television |agency=TT |title=ÖB åter på jobbet |newspaper=SVT Nyheter |date=18 March 2013 |access-date=21 November 2017 |language=sv}}

| cabinet = Fredrik Reinfeldt

}}

{{Officeholder table end}}

See also

Footnotes

{{Notelist}}

References

=Notes=

{{Reflist}}

=Print=

  • {{cite news |url=https://tidningar.kb.se/1767385/1994-07-07/edition/0/part/1/page/8/ |newspaper=Svenska Dagbladet |title=FN-svenskar försvarar livsviktig "kostig" |first=Fredrik |last=Braconier |date=7 July 1994 |access-date=7 May 2020 |language=sv |url-access=limited}}
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