China Electronics Technology Group Corporation

{{Infobox company

| name = China Electronics Technology Group Corporation

| logo = China Electronics Technology Group Corporation.png

| logo_size =

| logo_alt =

| logo_caption =

| former_name =

| type = State-owned enterprise

| industry = Defence, Electronics, Telecommunications, IT

| predecessor =

| founded = {{start date and age|2002|3|1}}

| founder =

| hq_location_city = Haidian District, Beijing

| hq_location_country = China

| locations =

| area_served = Worldwide

| key_people = Xiong Qunli (Chairman and President){{Cite web|url=http://en.cetc.com.cn/enzgdzkj/about_us/group_leader/index.html|title=Group Leader - CETC|publisher=China Electronics Technology Group Corporation|access-date=2016-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915052447/http://en.cetc.com.cn/enzgdzkj/about_us/group_leader/index.html|archive-date=2016-09-15|url-status=live}}

| products = Radars, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Electronic equipment, Telecommunications equipments, Software, Internetworking

| production =

| services =

| revenue =

| revenue_year =

| operating_income = {{increase}} CN¥ 188 billion[http://www.cetc.com.cn/zgdzkj/_300931/_301922/463036/index.html 中国电科描绘2017年发展新蓝图] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315174348/http://www.cetc.com.cn/zgdzkj/_300931/_301922/463036/index.html |date=2017-03-15 }} China Electronics Technology Group 2017-02-24 (in Chinese)

| income_year = 2016

| net_income = {{increase}} CN¥ 18.31 billion

| net_income_year = 2016

| assets = $51,672 million {{Cite web|url=https://fortune.com/global500/2019/china-electronics-technology-group/|title=China Electronics Technology Group|website=Fortune|access-date=2020-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218023158/https://fortune.com/global500/2019/china-electronics-technology-group/|archive-date=2020-02-18|url-status=live}}

| assets_year =

| equity =

| equity_year =

| owner = Central People's Government (100%)

| parent =

| num_employees = 150,000{{Cite web|url=http://www.cetcei.com/enzgdzkj/about_us/introduction29/index.html|title=Introduction - CETC|publisher=China Electronics Technology Group Corporation|access-date=2016-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915075940/http://en.cetc.com.cn/enzgdzkj/about_us/introduction29/index.html|archive-date=2016-09-15|url-status=live}}

| num_employees_year =

| subsid = CET HIK Group (100%)

| website = {{Official URL}}

}}

{{Infobox Chinese

| title = China Electronics Technology Group Corporation

| s = 中国电子科技集团公司

| t = 中國電子科技集團公司

| p = Zhōngguó Diànzǐ KējÌ Jítuán Gōngsī

| order = st

| altname = CETC

| s2 = 中国电科

| t2 = 中國電科

| p2 = Zhōngguó Diàn Kē

| l2 = China Electronics Technology

}}

File:The 2nd China (Mianyang) Science & Technology City International Hi-Tech Expo 47.jpg

China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (CETC; {{langx|zh|中国电子科技集团公司}}{{Cite news|last=Luce|first=Matthew|date=February 21, 2012|title=A Model Company: CETC Celebrates 10 Years of Civil-Military Integration|url=https://jamestown.org/program/a-model-company-cetc-celebrates-10-years-of-civil-military-integration/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013092321/https://jamestown.org/program/a-model-company-cetc-celebrates-10-years-of-civil-military-integration/|archive-date=October 13, 2019|website=Jamestown Foundation}}) is a Chinese state-owned company established in 2002. Its fields include communications equipment, computers, electronic equipment, IT infrastructure, networks, software development, research services, investment and asset management for civilian and military applications.{{Cite news |last=Allen-Ebrahimian |first=Bethany |date=June 24, 2020 |title=Defense Department produces list of Chinese military-linked companies |url=https://www.axios.com/defense-department-chinese-military-linked-companies-856b9315-48d2-4aec-b932-97b8f29a4d40.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625220923/https://www.axios.com/defense-department-chinese-military-linked-companies-856b9315-48d2-4aec-b932-97b8f29a4d40.html |archive-date=June 25, 2020 |access-date=June 24, 2020 |work=Axios}} It was founded with the stated goal of leveraging civilian electronics for the benefit of the People's Liberation Army.

In 2021, CETC became the third largest electronics and IT company in China after absorbing Potevio, with a combined revenue of $53 billion in 2019, behind only Huawei and Lenovo.{{Cite news |title=China to create 'IT aircraft carrier' through tech megamerger |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Business-deals/China-to-create-IT-aircraft-carrier-through-tech-megamerger |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314205449/https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Business-deals/China-to-create-IT-aircraft-carrier-through-tech-megamerger |archive-date=2022-03-14 |access-date=2022-03-30 |website=Nikkei Asia |language=en-GB}}

The company also handles electronic parts and systems for radars, missiles, key components for satellites in the BeiDou network, semiconductors, antennas for wireless infrastructure as well as equipment for autonomous-driving technology.

History

China Electronics Technology Group Corporation was founded in March 2002 by the Minister of Information Industry.{{Cite journal|last1=Godsey|first1=Matthew|last2=Lincy|first2=Valerie|date=2019|title=Gradual Signs of Change: Proliferation to and from China over Four Decades|url=https://strategictraderesearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Gradual-Signs-of-Change-Proliferation-to-and-from-China-over-Four-Decades.pdf|journal=Strategic Trade Review|volume=5|access-date=2020-10-11|archive-date=2020-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011035056/https://strategictraderesearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Gradual-Signs-of-Change-Proliferation-to-and-from-China-over-Four-Decades.pdf|url-status=live}} The company is located in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangdong, Sichuan, Shaanxi and 18 other provinces.{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}} CETC has been the intended recipient of several prosecuted acts of industrial espionage in the U.S.

In 2012, CETC celebrated their tenth anniversary and had 80,000 employees at the time.

In March 2016, the government tasked the company with developing software to identify potential terrorists; using data on jobs, hobbies, consumption habits, and other behaviors.{{cite news |date=3 March 2016 |title=China Tries Its Hand at Pre-Crime |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-03-03/china-tries-its-hand-at-pre-crime |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305032239/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-03-03/china-tries-its-hand-at-pre-crime |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=5 March 2016 |newspaper=Bloomberg News |publisher=}}

From 2016 to 2019, CETC built radar platforms for the People's Liberation Army in the northern part of the South China Sea between the Paracel Islands and Hainan.{{Cite web |last=Hille |first=Kathrin |last2=Sevastopulo |first2=Demetri |date=2024-05-19 |title=The battlegrounds that could decide a US-China war over Taiwan |url=https://ig.ft.com/taiwan-battlegrounds/ |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=Financial Times |language=en-gb |quote=Between 2016 and 2019, state-owned defence contractor China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (CETC) built a smattering of fixed and floating platforms studded with sensors and transmission devices in the northern part of the South China Sea, between the Paracel Islands and Hainan, where its main submarine base is located. |archive-date=2024-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520071248/https://ig.ft.com/taiwan-battlegrounds/ |url-status=live }}

In June 2017, CETC successfully launched the world's largest fixed-wing drone swarm to date. The drones in the swarm were a commercial fixed-wing model produced by Skywalker Technology, a Wuhan-based company.{{cite web |last1=Laskai |first1=Lorand |date=29 January 2018 |title=Civil-Military Fusion: The Missing Link Between China's Technological and Military Rise |url=https://www.cfr.org/blog/civil-military-fusion-missing-link-between-chinas-technological-and-military-rise |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718153255/https://www.cfr.org/blog/civil-military-fusion-missing-link-between-chinas-technological-and-military-rise |archive-date=18 July 2020 |access-date=22 July 2020 |website=Council on Foreign Relations |publisher=}}

In December 2017, CETC was reported to be soliciting government contracts to deploy facial recognition systems in Hotan Prefecture.{{cite news |last=Shih |first=Gerry |date=December 18, 2017 |title=Digital police state shackles Chinese minority |url=https://apnews.com/1ec5143fe4764a1d8ea73ce4a3e2c570 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171219013807/https://apnews.com/1ec5143fe4764a1d8ea73ce4a3e2c570 |archive-date=December 19, 2017 |access-date=December 19, 2017 |work=Associated Press |publisher= |quote=The facial scanner is made by China Electronics Technology Group (CETC), a state-owned defense contractor that has spearheaded China’s fast-growing field of predictive policing with Xinjiang as its test bed. The AP found 27 CETC bids for Xinjiang government contracts, including one soliciting a facial recognition system for facilities and centers in Hotan Prefecture.}}

In September 2020, a CETC subsidiary named Zhenhua Data was implicated in a leak of intelligence gathering information on individuals worldwide.{{Cite news|last1=Probyn|first1=Andrew|last2=Doran|first2=Matthew|date=September 14, 2020|title=China's 'hybrid war': Beijing's mass surveillance of Australia and the world for secrets and scandal|work=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-09-14/chinese-data-leak-linked-to-military-names-australians/12656668|url-status=live|access-date=September 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915003435/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-09-14/chinese-data-leak-linked-to-military-names-australians/12656668|archive-date=September 15, 2020}}{{Cite news|date=September 15, 2020|title=NZ academic's info in huge leak of data from firm linked to Chinese intelligence|work=Radio New Zealand|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/426118/nz-academic-s-info-in-huge-leak-of-data-from-firm-linked-to-chinese-intelligence|url-status=live|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925204621/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/426118/nz-academic-s-info-in-huge-leak-of-data-from-firm-linked-to-chinese-intelligence|archive-date=September 25, 2020}}

In 2021, it was reported that Potevio had been absorbed into China Electronics Technology Group (CETC).{{Cite news |title=CETC starts integrating Potevio |url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/cetc-starts-integrating-potevio_18884 |access-date=2022-03-30 |website=Janes.com |language=en |archive-date=2022-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331170834/https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/cetc-starts-integrating-potevio_18884 |url-status=live }}

CETC partners with Siemens and is the most important shareholder of Hikvision.{{Cite news |last=tagesschau.de |date=2020-11-23 |title=China Cables - Unterdrückung ohne Konsequenzen |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/uiguren-china-menschenrechte-101.html |access-date=2021-04-13 |website=tagesschau.de |language=de |archive-date=2021-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413214124/https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/uiguren-china-menschenrechte-101.html |url-status=live }}

= U.S. sanctions =

In August 2020, the Bureau of Industry and Security placed four CETC subsidiaries on its Entity List for their work to militarize artificial islands in the South China Sea.{{Cite news|last=Long|first=Drake|date=August 26, 2020|title=US Sanctions Chinese Companies Over South China Sea Island-Building|work=Radio Free Asia|url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/sanctions-08262020115604.html|url-status=live|access-date=August 26, 2020|archive-date=August 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828010845/https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/sanctions-08262020115604.html}}{{Cite news |last=O’Keeffe |first=Kate |date=2020-08-26 |title=U.S. Sanctions Chinese Firms and Executives Active in Contested South China Sea |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-imposes-visa-export-restrictions-on-chinese-firms-and-executives-active-in-contested-south-china-sea-11598446551 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200826134752/https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-imposes-visa-export-restrictions-on-chinese-firms-and-executives-active-in-contested-south-china-sea-11598446551 |archive-date=2020-08-26 |access-date=2020-08-26 |work=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US |issn=0099-9660}}{{Cite web |date=2020-08-26 |title=Commerce Department Adds 24 Chinese Companies to the Entity List for Helping Build Military Islands in the South China Sea |url=https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2020/08/commerce-department-adds-24-chinese-companies-entity-list-helping-build |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200826213019/https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2020/08/commerce-department-adds-24-chinese-companies-entity-list-helping-build |archive-date=2020-08-26 |access-date=2020-08-26 |website=U.S. Department of Commerce |language=en}} In November 2020, Donald Trump issued an executive order prohibiting any American company or individual from owning shares in companies that the United States Department of Defense has listed as having links to the People's Liberation Army, which included CETC.{{Cite news|last1=Pamuk|first1=Humeyra, Alexandra Alper, Idrees|last2=Alper|first2=Alexandra|last3=Ali|first3=Idrees|date=2020-11-13|title=Trump bans U.S. investments in companies linked to Chinese military|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-china-securities-idUSKBN27T1MD|url-status=live|access-date=2020-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211160118/https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-china-securities-idUSKBN27T1MD|archive-date=2020-12-11}}{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=August 28, 2020 |title=DOD Releases List of Additional Companies, in Accordance with Section 1237 of FY99 NDAA |url=https://media.defense.gov/2020/Aug/28/2002486659/-1/-1/1/LINK_2_1237_TRANCHE_1_QUALIFIYING_ENTITIES.PDF |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218035158/https://media.defense.gov/2020/Aug/28/2002486659/-1/-1/1/LINK_2_1237_TRANCHE_1_QUALIFIYING_ENTITIES.PDF |archive-date=2020-12-18 |access-date=2020-12-18 |website=U.S. Department of Defense |language=en-US}} In August 2022, CETC's 43 and 58 Research Institutes were added to the United States Department of Commerce's Entity List.{{Cite news |last=Edwards |first=Jane |date=2022-08-24 |title=Commerce Announces Addition of 7 Chinese Tech Institutions to Entity List |language=en-US |website=executivegov.com |url=https://executivegov.com/2022/08/commerce-announces-addition-of-7-chinese-tech-institutions-to-entity-list/ |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2022-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825150532/https://executivegov.com/2022/08/commerce-announces-addition-of-7-chinese-tech-institutions-to-entity-list/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |last= |date=2022-08-23 |title=U.S. adds seven China-related entities to export control list |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/us-adds-seven-china-related-entities-export-control-list-2022-08-23/ |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2022-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825211614/https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/us-adds-seven-china-related-entities-export-control-list-2022-08-23/ |url-status=live }} In December 2022, CETC's 28 Research Institute and other CETC subsidiaries were added to the Entity List.{{Cite news |last=Alper |first=Alexandra |date=2022-12-15 |title=Biden blacklists China's YMTC, crackdowns on AI chip sector |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/biden-blacklist-chinas-ymtc-crackdown-ai-chip-sector-2022-12-15/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |archive-date=2023-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230806215540/https://www.reuters.com/technology/biden-blacklist-chinas-ymtc-crackdown-ai-chip-sector-2022-12-15/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |last= |date=2022-12-15 |title=Factbox: Chinese companies added to U.S. entity list |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/chinese-companies-added-us-entity-list-2022-12-15/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |archive-date=2022-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215231611/https://www.reuters.com/business/chinese-companies-added-us-entity-list-2022-12-15/ |url-status=live }}

Following the 2023 Chinese balloon incident, the U.S. Commerce Department added CETC's 48 Research Institute to the Entity List for supporting "China's military modernization efforts, specifically the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) aerospace programs including airships and balloons."{{Cite news |last=Alper |first=Alexandra |last2=Freifeld |first2=Karen |date=2023-02-10 |title=U.S. adds 6 Chinese entities tied to balloon program to export blacklist |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-add-chinese-entities-tied-balloon-program-export-blacklist-source-2023-02-10/ |access-date=2023-02-11 |archive-date=2023-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211090734/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-add-chinese-entities-tied-balloon-program-export-blacklist-source-2023-02-10/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |last=Swanson |first=Ana |date=2023-02-10 |title=U.S. Blacklists 6 Chinese Entities Involved in Spy Balloon Programs |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/10/business/economy/china-spy-balloon-sanctions.html |access-date=2023-02-11 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=2023-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211000122/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/10/business/economy/china-spy-balloon-sanctions.html |url-status=live }} In May 2024, the U.S. Commerce Department added further units of CETC to the Entity List.{{Cite news |last=Alper |first=Alexandra |last2=Freifeld |first2=Karen |date=May 9, 2024 |title=Chinese companies hit with US trade restrictions over spy balloon incident |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-administration-adds-37-chinese-entities-trade-restriction-list-2024-05-09/ |access-date=May 9, 2024 |work=Reuters}}