Chinese hare
{{Short description|Species of mammal}}
{{speciesbox
| name = Chinese hare
| image = Lepus sinensis Hardwicke.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Lepus
| species = sinensis
| authority = J. E. Gray, 1832
| synonyms =
| range_map = Chinese Hare area.png
| range_map_caption = Chinese hare range
}}
The Chinese hare (Lepus sinensis) is a species of mammal in the family Leporidae.{{MSW3 Lagomorpha | id = 13500210 | page = 203}} It is found in China, Taiwan and Vietnam.
Taxonomy
The Chinese hare was first described by John Edward Gray in 1832. The Korean hare (Lepus coreanus) was at one time considered to be a subspecies of the Chinese hare but molecular studies of mtDNA have since shown that the Korean hare is in fact a separate species.{{cite journal |author1=Hung Sun Koh |author2=Kyung Hee Jang |year=2010 |title=Genetic distinctness of the Korean hare, Lepus coreanus (Mammalia, Lagomorpha), revealed by nuclear thyroglobulin gene and mtDNA control region sequences |journal=Biochemical Genetics |volume=48 |issue=7–8 |pages=706–710 |doi=10.1007/s10528-010-9353-0 |pmid=20526735 |s2cid=20926137 }}
Description
The Chinese hare is a small species growing to a length of about {{convert|40|to|76|cm}} and a weight of {{convert|1.25|to|1.94|kg}} with the females being rather larger than the males. The fur is short and coarse, the back and chest being chestnut-brown and the belly whitish. The large hind feet are furred, the tail is brown and the tips of the ears bear triangular black patches. It is distinguished from other Lepus species by the shape and details of its skull and teeth.{{cite web|title=Lepus sinensis - Chinese hare|url=http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/lepus/Lepus_sinensis.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525164436/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/lepus/Lepus_sinensis.htm|archive-date=25 May 2019|accessdate=2013-08-28|work=Living organisms|publisher=Wildpro}}
Distribution and habitat
The Chinese hare is native to the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Zhejiang. It also occurs on Taiwan and in a small area of north-eastern Vietnam.
The population of Chinese hare in Taiwan is considered as a subspecies, known as the {{Ill|Formosan hare|zh|台灣野兔|WD=}}.{{Cite web |date=2023-08-07 |title=Forest mammal sightings up |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2023/08/07/2003804383 |access-date=2024-10-11 |website=Taipei Times}} Other than the nominate subspecies L. s. sinensis, a subspecies endemic to Hunan, L. s. yuenshanensis, has been documented since 1930.{{HMW2016 Volume 6|last1=Schai-Braun|first1=S.C.|last2=Hackländer|first2=K.|chapter=Family Leporidae (Hares and Rabbits)|pages=148}}
Biology
Like other hare species, the Chinese hare's diet consists of grasses and other green plant material, buds, twigs and bark. It is mainly nocturnal and produces two types of faeces, moist and dry pellets. It eats the moist pellets immediately so as to extract the maximum nutritional value from its food. It does not live underground in a burrow but has a form or nest in long vegetation. A litter of about three precocial young are born in this and visited by the mother once a day for a few minutes to allow them to suckle. The mother's milk is particularly rich in protein and fat and the lactation period lasts for about three weeks Various carnivores prey on the Chinese hare and it relies on its fast running speed to escape from predators. It may opportunistically use burrows of other animals and pile fecal pellets outside the entrance.
Status
The IUCN lists the Chinese hare in its Red List of Threatened Species as being of "Least Concern" as it has a wide range. However, in Vietnam it occurs in a heavily populated area and is at risk from hunting and habitat loss. In China, its population trend is unknown.
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Lagomorpha|L.}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1074206}}
Category:Mammals described in 1832