Church of King Charles the Martyr, Falmouth

The foundations of the church were laid by Sir Peter Killigrew on 29 August 1662. Some 18 months later, on 21 February 1664, John Bedford, the Rector of Gerrans in the Roseland, preached the first sermon at the church and on 22 August 1665 it was consecrated. John Bedford's son, Francis Bedford was then appointed the first rector{{cite web|url=http://www.btinternet.com/~kcm/kcmfiles/tour.html |title=Falmouth Parish Church; The Church of King Charles the Martyr; A Short Tour of the Church |accessdate=2011-03-14 |publisher=Falmouth Parish Church, Falmouth, Cornwall, England |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629000335/http://www.btinternet.com/~kcm/kcmfiles/tour.html |archivedate=29 June 2011 |quote=The foundation stone for the Church was laid in August 1662 and it was consecrated in 1665, so in comparison with many other Cornish churches the Church of King Charles the Martyr is practically new! |url-status=dead |df=dmy }} by Seth Ward, Bishop of Exeter.

The Church was dedicated to King Charles the Martyr, a title of King Charles I commemorating his execution on 30 January 1649 after the English Civil War. At the end of the war his heir, later Charles II, fled into exile via Pendennis Castle, a mile or so from where the church now stands, and planned to build "a chapel for public worship ... and when the wars ceased, to send an able and conscientious chaplain to preach God's word therein".{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} Following the Restoration of the Monarchy however, it was Sir Peter Killigrew, of the nearby Arwenack Manor, who, having a long-standing ambition to found a town and a church on the Haven, sent an emissary to the King in London in 1660, seeking the grant of a Charter for the new town of Falmouth. He also offered land for a church, parsonage and churchyard if the King would sponsor the project. Owing partly, perhaps, to his diplomatic dedication of his new church to the King's martyred father, Sir Peter succeeded in modifying the royal vow and "received much help... through the generosity of Charles II and the Duke of York, and the liberal contributions of diverse honourable and worthy persons".{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} The new parish of Falmouth was previously part of Budock parish; the rectory (benefice) was endowed by Sir Peter with a rate on every house in the new parish. However the members of various Nonconformist sects were very unwilling to pay the rate and they were a large part of the population in the late 17th century; later rectors were "glad to make arrangements for its final extinction".Cornish Church Guide (1925) Truro: Blackford; p. 94

The church has undergone many alterations since its consecration. Originally, the building is thought to have been some 66 feet square. In 1684 the first extensions to the church were carried out by Walter Quarme, the third rector. A chancel was built at the east end and the lowest part of the tower was built. In 1686, a gallery was built at the west end, at the cost of Sir Peter Killigrew. The gallery over the north aisle was added in 1699, and in 1702 the gallery over the south aisle was built. Also in 1702, the first organ, built by John Russell of London, was installed at the west end. In 1738, the tower was raised and acquired a 12-hundredweight bell (now, after various changes, replaced by an eight bell carillon).

By 1813, the population of Falmouth had grown to over 7,000, so the 1684 chancel was demolished, the church lengthened to the east by nearly a third, and the chancel was then rebuilt. The fabric of the church slowly deteriorated during the early 19th century, and in 1896 another major reconstruction began. The three pitched roofs and the galleries were removed and the walls were raised to allow three new barred ceilings with ornamental plaster-work to be installed. The work took about a year to complete. Subsequent improvements included a new organ chamber in 1915; the area previously occupied by the organ became the Warrior Chapel. Electric lighting was introduced in 1907 and in 1936 the baptistery was formed, although the font dates from 1759.

It has been remarked by one historian{{who|date=March 2017}} that Falmouth Parish Church has probably undergone more alterations and additions than any other church in the United Kingdom.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} Charles Henderson observed in 1925: "It is interesting for its curious mixture of the Gothic and Classical styles. Its worst feature is a weak west tower in the former manner. A Wren steeple would have been far more suitable to the situation."

File:Seafront Chapel.jpg

The Rev. William John Coope (born c. 1810) was rector from 1838 to 1869. He was the pioneer of Tractarianism in Cornwall. While studying at Oxford Coope had been greatly influenced by the Oxford Movement. When he came to Falmouth the church was in a poor state of repair. Coope introduced changes in ritual in accordance with Tractarian ideas and aroused some opposition from a section of the parishioners. This opposition had abated by 1847; in 1849 a letter appeared in the West Briton complaining about the conduct of services at Falmouth. Coope was the author of many publications which emphasised the Catholicity of the Church of England. The church was much improved during his time: there were new vestries, a north porch, stained east window and a new reredos and pulpit. Opposition to Coope's practices led eventually to a dispute with the Archdeacon, W. J. Phillpotts, in 1866. Coope was supported by the newly formed English Church Union and the Archdeacon who had planned legal action did not proceed.Brown, H. Miles (1980) The Catholic Revival in Cornish Anglicanism. St Winnow: H. M. Brown; pp. 60-63

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}

• Francis Bedford 1664–76
• John Quarme 1676–79
• Walter Quarme 1679–1728
• John Millington 1728–35
• Edward Walmsley 1735–95
• John Watkin Wilbraham 1795–1824
• Lewis Mathias 1824–28
• Hon. William Wodehouse 1828–38
• William John Coope 1838–70
• Joseph Baley 1870–72
• John Wright 1872–82
• Brian Christopherson 1882–1912
• Henry Hugh King 1912–18
• Montague Blamire Williamson 1918–1924 (later Archdeacon of Bodmin)
• Bertram Liddell Hope 1924–36
• Osmund Ralph Maude Roxby 1936–46
• Joseph Percy Hodges 1946–55
• Thomas Barfett 1955–77 (later Archdeacon of Hereford)
• William John Peter Boyd 1977–85{{cite web |title=Deaths |url=https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2016/28-october/gazette/deaths/deaths |website=www.churchtimes.co.uk |publisher=Church Times |access-date=5 August 2023}}
• Roger Geoffrey Gilbert 1986–2002[http://archive.smallholder.co.uk/2002/6/14/37901.html ]{{dead link|date=May 2019}}
• Stephen John Tudgey 2003–Present

{{div col end}}

For many years the church had an all-male choir which was disbanded in the late 1960s due to chorister recruitment difficulties.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} The choir now consists of adult SATB who sing two services each Sunday. There is also a Lunchtime Concert Series on Saturdays between May and October which was launched by the Director of Music, Lance Foy, in 2012.

File:FalmouthKing CharlesOrgan.jpg

The church has a three manual organ built by Lance Foy of Truro. It is the largest organ in Cornwall after the Father Willis organ at Truro Cathedral.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

The first pipe organ was installed in the west gallery of the church in the spring of 1703 and was built by John Russell, a London-based organ builder, costing £200.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} It was not met with universal acclamation. One local lampoonist versified: "Arrived at the church, 'tis diverting to see Them all strut to Ned Kendall's [the organist's] vile twiddle dum dee, whose bass and whose treble, comparatively speaking, are like old pigs grunting and little pigs squeaking."{{cite book

|last=Thomas|first=R

|title=History and description of the town and harbour of Falmouth

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XC5RAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA81

|publisher=J. Trathan|location=Falmouth

|year=1827|page=81}}

After 95 years service with little maintenance, the organ was dismantled and sold and a contract for a new instrument was placed with London organ builder Hugh Russell in 1798. The new organ had fifteen stops and a swell manual enclosed in a box with 'Nag Head' shutters (a recent innovation of the time) and also a short compassed pedal department.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

In 1881, the second organ was in a bad state of repair and was sold and replaced by a three manual pipe organ built by Hele and Co. of Plymouth. This was situated in the Warrior Chapel (the south east corner of the church). The organ was played at floor level with the console directly behind the choir stalls. In 1910, £120 was spent on some tonal alterations made by Hele & Co; a Posaune reed stop (a typical Edwardian measure) and Small Open Diapason were added and the two original mixtures were removed from the Great and the Swell. In 1914, work on more tonal adjustments began - a Vox Humana rank was added, part of the organ was converted to Tubular Pneumatic action, a Tremulant stop to the Choir manual, and a new organ chamber was built and the organ moved from the Warrior Chapel to its present position. This work costed a total of £204 and was completed by Christmas 1915. The Organ had 30 speaking stops and a total of 1,886 pipes. In 1949 the instrument was cleaned and overhauled and the present 'Discus' blower installed in the fifties.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

By the 1970s the organ had deteriorated to such an extent that it was becoming unplayable and in January 1978, Lance Foy of Truro started work on a new instrument. In 1979 a new organ was installed using parts of the organ from the redundant church of St. Thomas, Bristol, and much of the Hele pipework from the previous organ. In 1993, the organ was rebuilt again by Lance Foy, with various tonal improvements including the provision of a 16’ 8’ and 4’ Ophicleide and Trumpet unit, new upper work to the Great and Choir organs, the addition of a 4’ Flute, Oboe 8’ and Vox Humana 8’, a refurbished console and a new piston capture system.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

A specification of the current organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.{{cite web

|url=http://www.npor.org.uk/cgi-bin/Rsearch.cgi?Fn=Rsearch&rec_index=D04831

|title=Cornwall Falmouth, King Charles the Martyr [D04831]

|work=The National Pipe Organ Register

|accessdate=2 January 2014}}

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}

• William West 1703–29
• Charles West 1729–60
• Edward Kendall 1760–1808 Catalogue of Rare Books By Ellis, 29 New Bond Street, p. 28
• Anthony Williams 1808–10
• Mathias Cisteraansz 1810–12
• Miss Jane Petherick 1812–15
• Mr. Parnell 1815–24 A Falmouth Guide, Richard Thomas, 1815
• Mr. Sharp 1824–30
• George James Webb 1830–42 The American History and Encyclopedia of Music; by W. L. Hubbard (later organist of Old South Church)
• Professor Joseph Hale Coggins 1842–62
• Charles William Reed 1864–78
• William Treweeke 1878–80
• Professor C. W. Robinson 1880–95 Royal Cornwall Gazette - Friday 19 January 1877Royal Cornwall Gazette - Thursday 22 June 1893
• Robert E. Clark 1895–1911 Thornsby, Frederick W., ed. (1912) Dictionary of Organs and Organists. 1st ed. (formerly organist of Winkfield Parish Church, Windsor)
• Ewart West 1911–24 Thornsby, Frederick W., ed. (1921) Dictionary of Organs and Organists. 2nd ed. G. A. Mate (London) (previously organist of Moreton-in-Marsh).
• E. Arthur West 1924–27
• Richard Glendinning 1927
• Gordan Hall 1927–72 {{cite web|url=http://www.bt.com/sorrypages/sorry/platform/btinternet.html|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121202063250/http://www.bt.com/sorrypages/sorry/platform/btinternet.html|url-status=dead|title=BT's free web hosting service is now closed|date=2 December 2012|archivedate=2 December 2012|website=archive.is}}
• Ernest Green 1972–74
• Edward Goldsmith 1974–91{{cite web |url=http://www.priory.lancs.ac.uk/lpc_ejg.html |title=Mr. Edward Goldsmith |accessdate=2008-10-27 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611125026/http://www.priory.lancs.ac.uk/lpc_ejg.html |archivedate=11 June 2008 |df=dmy }}
• Peter Young 1991–2001
• John Charles Winter 2001–07 (formerly organist of Truro Cathedral)
• Christopher Uren 2007–10
• Lance Foy 2010–14
• Richard Bailey 2015–Present

{{div col end}}

• James Cunningham, 14th Earl of Glencairn

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category|Church of King Charles the Martyr, Falmouth}}

• The Buildings of England, Cornwall. Nikolaus Pevsner

• [http://kcm.aspier.co.uk/wordpress/ Church of King Charles the Martyr, Falmouth website]
• [https://www.facebook.com/kcmchoir/ Choir of Church of King Charles the Martyr, Falmouth Facebook page]
• [https://www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-dict/england/pp209-213#h3-0008 Falmiuth (King Charles the Martyr) from https://www.british-history.ac.uk website]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Falmouth, Church of King Charles the Martyr}}

Category:Church of England church buildings in Cornwall

Category:Churches completed in 1665

Category:Grade II* listed churches in Cornwall

Church of King Charles the Martyr

Category:1665 establishments in England

{{cornwall|state=collapsed}}

{{Portal bar|Cornwall|United Kingdom|Architecture|border=no}}

Category:English churches dedicated to King Charles the Martyr