Cinephilia

In a review of a book on the history of cinephilia, Mas Generis writes: "Cinephilia, despite its transparent etymological meaning—love of cinema—is a term that resists ready and shared understanding."{{cite journal |last1=Generis |first1=Mas |date=11 December 2006 |title=Cinephilia now: review of Cinephilia: movies, love and memory |journal=Screening the Past |issue=20 |url=http://www.latrobe.edu.au/screeningthepast/20/cinephilia-movies-love-memory.html |publisher=La Trobe University |access-date=November 7, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110308082012/http://www.latrobe.edu.au/screeningthepast/20/cinephilia-movies-love-memory.html |archive-date=8 March 2011 |url-status=dead }} Generis also introduces a quote from film scholar Annette Michelson that states that there is, "No one such thing as cinephilia, but rather forms and periods of cinephilia." As described by Antoine de Baecque and Thierry Frémaux, "The definitive essence of cinephilia is a culture of the discarded that prefers to find intellectual coherence where none is evident and to eulogize the non-standard and the minor."Keathley, Christian. Cinephilia and history, or, The wind in the trees. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 2005.

Film historian Thomas Elsaesser writes that it "reverberates with nostalgia and dedication... more than a passion of going to the movies and only a little less than an entire attitude towards life".{{Cite web|url=https://filmschoolrejects.com/is-fandom-the-new-cinephilia-585391abb8b2/|title=Is Fandom the New Cinephilia?|first=Ciara|last=Wardlow|date=February 2, 2017|website=Film School Rejects}}

Since the beginning of the silent era, there have been film clubs and publications in which people who felt passionately about cinema could discuss their interests and see rare and older works. At the beginning of the sound era, there were more and more people interested in seeing older films, which led to the establishment of organizations such as the Cinémathèque Française, the first major archive devoted to film preservation.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinematheque.fr/informations-institutionnelles.html|title=Informations institutionnelles - La Cinémathèque française|website=www.cinematheque.fr}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.bing.com/translator/?from=fr&to=en&ref=SERP&refd=www.bing.com&dl=en&rr=UC&a=https://www.cinematheque.fr/|title=Search Microsoft Translator - Translate from French to English|website=www.bing.com}}

A notable cinephilic community of the 20th century was the one that developed in Paris in the decades following World War II. An influx of foreign films that had been withheld during the Occupation, as well as the screening programs of local film clubs and the Cinémathèque Française, generated interest in world cinema amongst the city's intellectual youth culture. In general, the cinephiles of the period set a template for future like-minded groups by having keen enthusiasm for both older and contemporary films.Le fantôme d'Henri Langlois. Dir. Jacques Richard. DVD. Kino Video, 2004.

Influential film clubs of the period included Objectif 49, whose members included Robert Bresson and Jean Cocteau, and the Ciné-Club du Quartier Latin (Cinema Club of the Latin Quarter). Revue du Cinéma, a magazine published by members of the two clubs, later evolved into the influential film magazine Cahiers du cinéma.

Many of the people who attended the screenings became film critics and later filmmakers, founding the film movement known as the French New Wave. André Bazin, François Truffaut, Jacques Doniol-Valcroze, Claude Chabrol, Jean-Luc Godard, Alexandre Astruc, Jacques Rivette, Agnes Varda, Luc Moullet and others were regulars, and several, most notably Truffaut, maintained their ties to the community after they had achieved fame.

The community fostered an interest in directors and films that had been neglected, forgotten or simply unknown in the West, and led to the development of the auteur theory. The directors the French cinephiles of the period had strong interests in included F. W. Murnau, Robert Flaherty, Sergei Eisenstein, Jean Renoir, Jean Vigo, Orson Welles, Anthony Mann, Louis Feuillade, D. W. Griffith, the Lumière brothers, Alfred Hitchcock and Georges Méliès, whose films would be screened from nitrate prints on special occasions.

File:Federico Fellini.jpg, a fashionable figure in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s, owed part of his popularity to the support of film critics and the distribution of foreign films in order to accommodate the increasingly sophisticated public.]]

With the popular success of the French New Wave, film-going became fashionable in Europe and America. Revival screenings and independently run cinemas specializing in foreign films became increasingly common. In the United States, New York City was often seen as the center of cinephile culture, due to the wide variety of films available to see at any given time. This culture was also helped by the popularity in America of figures such like Pauline Kael, Andrew Sarris and Susan Sontag. Certain writers and critics, including Sontag, would later come to view this as the "Golden Age" of film-going in the US. Directors such as Ingmar Bergman, Akira Kurosawa, Michelangelo Antonioni and Federico Fellini enjoyed a great deal of popularity in the US and influenced the young generation of film enthusiasts who would become the New Hollywood, including Martin Scorsese, Peter Bogdanovich, Francis Ford Coppola and Woody Allen. Due to growing public interest in films from other countries, specialty distributors such as Janus Films and New Yorker Films began importing and subtitling foreign movies.

The era also saw the growth of college film societies. Though some, like Doc Films at the University of Chicago, had existed since the 1930s, the 1960s saw directors of all generations regularly make appearances at college campuses, whether to revisit their old films or to discuss new ones. The Melbourne Cinematheque, founded in 1948 in Melbourne, Australia, began as the Melbourne University Film Society (MUFS), and was renamed Cinémathèque in 1984.{{cite web|title=Melbourne Cinémathèque |url=https://www.acmi.net.au/whats-on/melbourne-cinematheque/|website=acmi.com.au|access-date=2 April 2022}}

At the same time, the Parisian cinephilic culture became increasingly politicized. Critics, and by extension the cinephiles who followed their work, began to emphasize political aspects of films and directors. Though many of the major figures of the post-war community has been originally aligned with the political right—including most of the Cahiers du cinéma group—by the late 1960s Cahiers and the young cinephile public in general had aligned with various forms of the Left, with some figures, such as Jean-Luc Godard, aligning with Maoism. In this very politicized climate, cinema was often seen as directly connected to Marxism. Many members of this new generation of cinephiles would become critics{{Cite web|url=https://www.laweekly.com/cinephobia/|title=Cinephobia - LA Weekly|first=Manohla|last=Dargis|date=April 22, 1998|website=www.laweekly.com}} and directors, including Serge Daney, Philippe Garrel, and André Téchiné.

Though most of the world's major film festivals had existed for decades by this point—including the Berlin International Film Festival, the Cannes Film Festival and the Venice Film Festival—the period saw the establishment of festivals in nearly every major city. The New York Film Festival, the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival and the Chicago International Film Festival were all started during this time. The Toronto International Film Festival, often seen as second only to the Cannes Film Festival in terms of importance, was founded towards the end of this period, in 1976.

Films championed by cinephiles and Western intellectuals as "cutting-edge" and "revolutionary" from the 1960s-1970s included Lindsay Anderson's Cannes-winning epic If...., Humberto Solás's Lucía and Glauber Rocha's Antonio das Mortes alongside multiple works by Godard and the agitprop documentaries of The Newsreel.[https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/643-wr-sex-and-the-art-of-radical-juxtaposition WR, Sex, and the Art of Radical Juxtaposition|Current|The Criterion Collection]

File:Wong Kar-wai at 2008 TIFF.jpg (pictured) is a renowned arthouse film director from Hong Kong known for works such as Chungking Express (1994) and In the Mood for Love (2000).]]

As VHS tapes,{{Cite web|url=http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2018/10-best-documentaries-about-movies-every-cinephile-should-see/|title=10 Best Documentaries About Movies Every Cinephile Should See|first=Shane|last=Fraser|date=January 9, 2018}}[https://books.google.com/books?id=YJ-WEAAAQBAJ The Nineties (A Book) - Google Books (pg.107)] DVDs{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/14/movies/the-21stcentury-cinephile.html|title=The 21st-Century Cinephile|first=Manohla|last=Dargis|work=The New York Times |date=November 14, 2004|via=NYTimes.com}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.cineaste.com/spring2016/the-new-cinephilia-permanent-crisis|title=The New Cinephilia & The Permanent Crisis of Film Criticism: The Anxiety of Authority|website=Cineaste Magazine}} and later streaming digital access{{Cite web|url=https://mubi.com/notebook/posts/a-property-of-movies-a-conversation-with-brian-de-palma|title=A Property of Movies: A Conversation with Brian De Palma|date=October 1, 2012|website=MUBI}}[https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2020/aug/27/the-at-home-cinephile-experience-pandemic-has-made/ The at-home cinephile experience: Pandemic has made watching good cinema difficult but not impossible|The Spokesman-Review] became more common, cinephilia became less associated with filmgoing in theatres (much to the dismay of some cinephiles like Sontag).{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/betz_beyond-the-subtitle-remapping-european-art-cinema|title=Beyond the subtitle : remapping European art cinema|first=Mark|last=Betz|date=December 21, 2009|publisher=Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press|via=Internet Archive}}

While Japanese films have enjoyed worldwide distribution in the mid 20th century, the late 20th century saw an increase in interest amongst cinephiles in cinema from other Asian countries, especially China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and, later, Thailand.

File:Michael Mann - French Cinematheque - 4th July 2009.jpg (pictured above at Cinémathèque Française in 2009) is often considered to be a major figure of vulgar auteurism by contemporary cinephiles.{{Cite web|url=https://mubi.com/en/us|title=MUBI: Watch and Discover Movies|website=MUBI}}{{Cite web|url=http://somecamerunning.typepad.com/some_came_running/2009/07/the-mann-act-public-enemies.html|title=Some Came Running: The Mann act: "Public Enemies"}}]]

Since the beginning of the 21st century, blogging has become a large part of cinephile culture. In the English-speaking world, established critics and theorists like Dave Kehr, David Bordwell, Jonathan Rosenbaum,{{Cite web|url=https://www.splicetoday.com/moving-pictures/bad-cinephile|title=Bad Cinephile|first=John|last=Kidwell|website=Splice Today}} Glenn Kenny, Wheeler Winston Dixon and Adrian Martin, as well as non-professional cinephiles like Girish Shambu played key roles in building interest in films or theories amongst cinephiles by writing and communicating through blogs.{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmlinc.org/calendar/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211045039/http://www.filmlinc.com/fcm/nd08/fccrisis.htm|url-status=dead|title=Calendar|archivedate=December 11, 2008|website=Film at Lincoln Center}} Forums and podcasts have become popular ways to stir discussion, allowing cinephiles from different countries and cultures to discuss ideas about film. The social networking and video streaming service MUBI caters specifically to cinephiles, allowing its members access to films that sometimes haven't been distributed theatrically or on video in their home countries. Home video distribution labels and distributors such as The Criterion Collection, Masters of Cinema, Facets, Vinegar Syndrome and Kino cater to cinephiles, often including large amounts of supplemental and critical material with their releases. Another major development in contemporary cinephilia came in the form of the social cataloging application formed in 2011 known as Letterboxd.[https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/story/2024-06-17/letterboxd-rise-connecting-filmmakers-studios-audiences Letterboxd's rise from social platform to Hollywood powerhouse - Los Angeles Times] Hosting approximately 10 million users,{{Cite news |last=Mullin |first=Benjamin |date=2023-09-29 |title=Letterboxd, Online Haven for Film Nerds, Gets a New Owner |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/29/business/media/letterboxd-new-owner.html |access-date=2024-01-31 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}} Letterboxd is the largest community of online cinephiles to date, allowing users to share their taste in films{{Cite web |date=2011-10-28 |title=Letterboxd • Your life in film |url=https://letterboxd.com/about/frequent-questions/ |access-date=2024-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028162251/https://letterboxd.com/about/frequent-questions/ |archive-date=2011-10-28 }} using a five-star system.

As was the case with the French cinephilia of the post-war era, the international cinephilic community that has developed on the Internet often emphasizes films and figures that do not have strong critical or popular recognition, including many directors who work within genre film, in what is sometimes dubbed vulgar auteurism. These include Justin Lin,[https://www.villagevoice.com/2013/05/24/fast-furious-elegant-justin-lin-and-the-vulgar-auteurs/ Fast & Furious & Elegant: Justin Lin and the Vulgar Auteurs|Village Voice] Abel Ferrara, Michael Mann, Roland Emmerich,{{Cite web|url=http://facets.org/blog/exclusive/the-golden-age-of-tv-rise-of-the-television-auteur/|title=The Golden Age of TV: Rise of the Television Auteur|Facets Features|work=Facets Features |date=12 April 2016 }}{{Cite web|url=https://theendofcinema.net/2013/04/16/army-of-milla-resident-evil-and-modern-auteurism-3/|title=Army of Milla: Resident Evil and Modern Auteurism|date=April 16, 2013}}{{Cite web|url=https://mubi.com/notebook/posts/secret-defense-roland-emmerichs-anonymous|title=Secret Defense: Roland Emmerich's "Anonymous"|date=November 1, 2011|website=MUBI}} The Farrelly Brothers,{{cite magazine|last=Brody|first=Richard|title=A Few Thoughts on Vulgar Auteurism|url=http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/movies/2013/06/vulgar-auteurism-history-of-new-wave-cinema.html|magazine=The New Yorker}} Michael Bay,{{Cite web|url=https://www.macleans.ca/culture/movies/the-artistic-genius-of-michael-bay/|title=The artistic genius of Michael Bay - Macleans.ca|date=26 July 2013 }} John Carpenter, Kathryn Bigelow,{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmtheory.org/vulgar-auteurism/|title=Vulgar Auteurism|date=June 4, 2015}} David Fincher, M. Night Shyamalan,[https://web.archive.org/web/20130413233326/http://mubi.com/lists/vulgar-auteurism-a-guide-or-the-mann-scott-baysians Vulgar Auteurism: A Guide Or: The "Mann-Scott-Baysians"-MUBI] Brian De Palma and Tony Scott.{{Cite web|url=https://labuzamovies.com/2013/06/03/expressive-esoterica-in-the-21st-century-or-what-is-vulgar-auteurism/|title=Expressive Esoterica in the 21st Century—Or: What Is Vulgar Auteurism?|date=June 3, 2013}}{{Cite web|url=https://filmschoolrejects.com/what-the-insular-debate-on-vulgar-auteurism-says-about-contemporary-movie-criticism-and-abb52fd30c90/|title=What the Insular Debate on 'Vulgar Auteurism' Says About Contemporary Movie Criticism and…|first=Landon|last=Palmer|date=June 11, 2013|website=Film School Rejects}}

Filmmaker James N. Kienitz Wilkins's 2023 still image film Still Film argues about the nightmarish effects of cinephilia using 35mm presskit photos for blockbusters from the 1980s-90s.[https://www.bam.org/film/2023/at-the-movies BAM|Still Film + At the Movies][https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/8325-nightmare-cinephilia Nightmare Cinephilia|Current|The Criterion Collection]

A notable series of video essays by Canadian filmmaker Stephen Broomer entitled Art & Trash focuses on underground, avant-garde and cult cinema (particularly outsider and psychotronic movies).{{cite web|url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/sight-and-sound/polls/best-video-essays-2021|title=The best video essays of 2021 {{pipe}} Sight and Sound|website=bfi.org.uk|date=18 January 2022 |access-date=2024-08-02}}{{cite web|url=https://filmschoolrejects.com/wicked-wicked-split-screen/|website=Film School Rejects|title='Wicked, Wicked,' Polyrhythmic Form, and the Vicious Split-Screen |date=7 April 2023 |access-date=2024-08-02}}

Adnan Virk was the host of the podcast Cinephile that used to broadcast on ESPN until his leave in 2019.{{Cite web|url=https://awfulannouncing.com/podcasts/adnan-virk-takes-cinephile-podcast-meadowlark-media.html|title=Adnan Virk takes his Cinephile podcast to Meadowlark Media|first=Ian|last=Casselberry|date=April 7, 2021}}

In 2004, film critic Chris Gore hosted the game show Ultimate Film Fanatic.[https://www.indiewire.com/news/general/the-ultimate-film-fanatic-223984/ The Ultimate Film Fanatic - IndieWire][https://www.amcnetworks.com/press-releases/the-independent-film-channel-presents-ultimate-film-fanatic/ The Independent Film Channel Presents: Ultimate Film Fanatic - AMC Networks Inc.]

The book series Lil Cinephile is a spin-off of the successful Cinephile: A Card Game created by author Cory Everett (who was once a contestant on the aforementioned Ultimate Film Fanatic).[https://www.thewrap.com/lil-cinephile-book-series-3-sci-fi-kung-fu-midnight-movie/ 'Lil Cinephile Book Series Returns with Sci-Fi, Kung Fu, Midnight – TheWrap][https://www.cinephilegame.com/about About — Cinephile][https://www.acmi.net.au/stories-and-ideas/cory-everett-lil-cinephile-collection/ "I can't believe nobody has made this yet!": Corey Everett's 'lil Cinephile Collection|ACMI]

• The Projectionist (1970)
• Fade to Black (1980)
• The Purple Rose of Cairo (1985)
• Cinema Paradiso (1989)
• Close-Up (1990)
• American Movie (1999)
• Cinemania (2002)
• The Dreamers (2003)
• Film Geek (2005)
• Hugo (2011)
• Me and Earl and the Dying Girl (2015)
• The Wolfpack (2015)
• Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (2019)
• Film Geek (2023)
• [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt26541848/ Still Film] (2023)
• Kim's Video (2023)

{{Cite web|url=http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2016/the-10-best-movies-about-cinephiles/|title=The 10 Best Movies About Cinephiles|first=Susannah|last=Farrugia|date=July 1, 2016}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2016/the-10-best-movies-about-cinephiles/2/|title=The 10 Best Movies About Cinephiles|first=Susannah|last=Farrugia|date=July 1, 2016}}{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/fade-black-movie-references-characters-killer-explained/|title=Fade To Black: Every Movie Reference (& How The Killer Relates To Each)|first=Quinn|last=Hough|date=September 22, 2020|website=ScreenRant}}[https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/16/movies/film-geek-review.html 'Film Geek' Review: A Cinephile's Guide of New York - The New York Times][https://quadcinema.com/film/kims-video/ Kim's Video|Quad Cinema][https://openscreensjournal.com/article/id/6946/ Tohline|A Supercut of Supercuts: Aesthetics, Histories, Databases|Open Screens][https://www.moma.org/calendar/events/8518 Still Film. 2023. Written and directed by James N. Kienitz Wilkins|MoMA][https://www.bam.org/film/2023/still-film BAM|Still Film][https://tiff.net/events/still-film-with-guest Still Film - TIFF]

File:Quentin Tarantino by Gage Skidmore.jpg often makes references in his work to films and directors he admires.]]

Throughout the history of cinema, there have been numerous directors who developed their understanding of cinema through filmgoing and participation in cinephile communities and organizations instead of within the formal settings of either a film school or a film studio.

The directors of the French New Wave, who learned about filmmaking by attending screenings at film clubs and discussing movies amongst themselves, are often seen as models for cinephiles. Their intellectual omnivorousness, which equated an interest in cinema with strong understandings of literature, art and sometimes philosophy, has continued to have influence on cinephiles.{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/richard-brody/the-movies-arent-dying-theyre-not-even-sick|title=The Movies Aren't Dying (They're Not Even Sick)|first=The New|last=Yorker|magazine=The New Yorker |date=September 22, 2012|via=www.newyorker.com}}

On the other hand, many directors emphasize their lack of cinephilia or interest in movies as in the cases of Miranda July,{{cite web |last1=Onstad |first1=Katrina |title=Miranda July Is Totally Not Kidding |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/17/magazine/the-make-believer.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=14 July 2011}} Abbas Kiarostami and Peter Greenaway, while acclaimed by cinephiles,{{Cite web |last=Kürten |first=Jochen |date=2022-04-05 |title=British director Peter Greenaway at 80 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/provocative-aesthetics-british-director-peter-greenaway-at-80/a-38287467 |access-date=2023-03-19 |website=Deutsche Welle |language=en}} often emphasized their disinterests in cinema when interviewed.{{Cite web|url=http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2019/10-famous-arthouse-movies-that-are-too-self-indulgent/|title=10 Famous Arthouse Movies That Are Too Self-Indulgent|first=Mert|last=Dekin|date=October 1, 2019}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/48hrs/article/1787174/inquisition-peter-greenaway-film-director|title=Peter Greenaway: I've seven productive years left to finish 30 projects|date=May 6, 2015|website=South China Morning Post}}

There have also been different forms of cinephobia (fear or hatred of cinema){{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199791286/obo-9780199791286-0278.xml|title=Cinephilia|website=obo}} from the fear of "losing" celluloid film in the digital age through anxieties about moral values on the big screen to the point of censorship.{{Cite web|url=http://www.lolajournal.com/5/cinephobia.html|title=Cinephobia: To Wonder, To Worry|website=www.lolajournal.com}}[http://www.fsgso.pitt.edu/conference/cinephilia-cinephobia/ Cinephilia / Cinephobia: New Mediations of Desire and Disgust-University of Pittsburgh]

Telephilia is the term used to refer to a passionate interest in television.{{Cite web|url=http://www.sensesofcinema.com/2004/feature-articles/telephilia/|title=Night Surfing: On Telephilia – Senses of Cinema|first=Tim|last=Groves|date=July 5, 2013}} Coined by The New York Times critic Frank Rich as a pejorative term, telephilia was defined as "the pathological longing of Americans, no matter how talentless, to be on television".{{cite web|url=http://www.namibian.com.na/print.php?id=12562&type=2|title=The Namibian|website=www.namibian.com.na|access-date=2017-09-08|archive-date=2017-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808154214/http://www.namibian.com.na/print.php?id=12562&type=2|url-status=dead}} This early definition was reflective of the negative attitude contemporary critics had toward television, which was frowned upon as inferior to film until the advent of quality television in the 1980s and 1990s.{{cite web|url=http://sciencenordic.com/cultivating-tv-aesthetics|title=Cultivating TV aesthetics|date=3 June 2014|access-date=8 September 2017|archive-date=3 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703125011/http://sciencenordic.com/cultivating-tv-aesthetics|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|url=https://uproxx.com/tv/making-a-case-for-90s-television/|title=Making A Case For The '90s, Television's "Other" Golden Age|date=September 14, 2016}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.vulture.com/2016/10/golden-age-of-tv-was-born-in-the-1980s.html|title=Why the Golden Age of TV Was Really Born in the 1980s|date=October 25, 2016|website=Vulture}}{{cite journal|jstor=41552408|title=Cinephilia/Telephilia|first1=Francesco|last1=Casetti|first2=Mariagrazia|last2=Fanchi|date=17 August 2017|journal=Framework: The Journal of Cinema and Media|volume=45|issue=2|pages=38–41}}{{Cite web |url=https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1112415581/cinephilia-telephilia |title=Cinephilia/Telephilia By Casetti, Francesco; Fanchi, Mariagrazia-Framework, Vol. 45, Issue 2, Fall 2004-Online Research Library |access-date=2018-10-28 |archive-date=2020-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027161452/https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1112415581/cinephilia-telephilia |url-status=dead }} With the rise of quality television, anti-heroic series like The Sopranos and The Wire were cited as improving television content thus earning critical praise.{{Cite journal|url=https://dspace.mic.ul.ie/handle/10395/1987|title=The television anti-hero|first=Chloe|last=Liddy-Judge|date=December 21, 2013|via=dspace.mic.ul.ie|journal=MIRR - Mary Immaculate Research Repository}}{{cite web|url=//www.researchgate.net/publication/306002105_Post-network_audiences_and_cable_crime_drama|title=Post-network audiences and cable crime drama (PDF Download Available)|website=ResearchGate}}

Telephilia is also said to rival cinephilia for relevance, as production values are higher than ever before on shows such as Mad Men, Breaking Bad and Homeland.{{cite web|url=http://www.indiewire.com/2013/05/telephilia-has-television-become-a-more-relevant-american-medium-than-art-film-38350/|title=Telephilia: Has Television Become a More Relevant American Medium Than Art Film?|first=Celluloid Liberation|last=Front|website=IndieWire|date=17 May 2013 }} Despite this development, there are still intellectuals {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BOgUyPYw0KoC&dq=telephilia&pg=PA135|title=Roll Over Adorno: Critical Theory, Popular Culture, Audiovisual Media|first=Robert|last=Miklitsch|date=February 1, 2012|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=9780791481875 |via=Google Books}} who consider telephilia as inferior to cinephilia, particularly in cases of obsessions for modern television programs belonging to genres such as melodrama and soap opera.{{Cite book|title=Roll Over Adorno: Critical Theory, Popular Culture, Audiovisual Media|last=Miklitsch|first=Robert|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=2006|isbn=0791467333|location=New York|pages=135}} This is also explained by the view that highlighted the unattainable nature of the cinema, which makes it more desirable and extraordinary since it features a regime of presence-yet-absence filmic image, allowing a form of cinematic stardom capable of triggering a series of psychic mechanisms.{{Cite book|title=The Cinema of Takeshi Kitano: Flowering Blood|last=Redmond|first=Sean|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2013|isbn=9780231163323|location=New York|pages=74}} This is contrasted with television, which is perceived to be more present and immediate—with its stars "famous only in so far as he or she makes frequent television appearances." Some observers, however, note that there is now a destabilization of traditional notions of what constitutes cinephilic tendency due to the availability of film on home media technology.{{Cite book|title=Cult Media: Re-packaged, Re-released and Restored|last1=Wroot|first1=Jonathan|last2=Willis|first2=Andy|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2017|isbn=9783319636788|location=Cham, Switzerland|pages=40}}

{{cols|colwidth=19em}}

• Thom Andersen[https://www.sensesofcinema.com/2018/feature-articles/red-hollywood-an-interview-with-thom-andersen/ Red Hollywood: An Interview with Thom Andersen - Senses of Cinema]
• Paul Thomas Anderson{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/paul-thomas-anderson-favorite-films-movies/|title=Paul Thomas Anderson's Favorite Films: Over 35 Movies the Director Wants You to See|first=Zack|last=Sharf|date=August 13, 2021}}{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/static/longform/pta|title=Paul Thomas Anderson's LA|magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}
• Wes Anderson{{Cite web|url=https://lwlies.com/articles/brian-de-palma-noah-baumbach-infuence/|title=How Brian De Palma influenced the films of Noah Baumbach|website=Little White Lies}}
• Ari Aster{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/ari-aster-movies-inspired-midsommar/|title=Ari Aster Breaks Down 9 Movies That Inspired 'Midsommar,' from 'The Red Shoes' to 'Climax'|first=David|last=Ehrlich|date=June 25, 2019}}
• Sean Baker{{Cite web|url=https://thecreativeindependent.com/people/filmmaker-sean-baker-on-not-giving-up/|title=On not giving up|website=thecreativeindependent.com}}{{Cite web|url=https://filmmakermagazine.com/112652-sean-baker-red-rocket/|title="Embracing the Male Gaze": Sean Baker on Red Rocket | Filmmaker Magazine|first=Sophie Monks|last=Kaufman|date=December 9, 2021}}
• Noah Baumbach{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/noah-baumbach-influences-filmmaker-spielberg-scorsese-max-ophuls-1201883274/|title=Noah Baumbach Reveals the Key Movies That Made Him Want to Be a Filmmaker|first=Eric|last=Kohn|date=October 3, 2017}}
• Ingmar Bergman[https://variety.com/2014/film/festivals/film-review-trespassing-bergman-1201111348/ Film Review: 'Trespassing Bergman' Review: Ingmar Bergman's Legacy - Variety]
• Brad Bird{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-ca-mn-sneaks-incredibles-2-brad-bird-20180429-story.html|title=After 14 long years, 'Incredibles 2' picks up with its family of suburban superheroes|date=April 26, 2018|website=Los Angeles Times}}
• Peter Bogdanovich[https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/8655-paper-moon-partners-in-crime Paper Moon: Partners in Crime|Current|The Criterion Collection]
• Kevin Brownlow{{cite news |last1=Horne |first1=Philip |title=Kevin Brownlow: a life in the movies |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/jul/22/kevin-brownlow-academy-award-oscar |access-date=21 February 2023 |work=The Guardian |date=22 July 2011}}
• Bong Joon Ho{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/bong-joon-ho-favorite-movies-watch/|title=Bong Joon Ho's Favorite Movies: 47 Films the Director Wants You to See|first1=Christian Zilko,Alison|last1=Foreman|first2=Christian|last2=Zilko|first3=Alison|last3=Foreman|date=March 29, 2023}}
• Joel and Ethan Coen{{Cite web|url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/coen-brothers-30-favourite-films-list/|title=From Kubrick to Polanski: A list of the Coen Brothers' 30 favorite films|Far Out Magazine}}
• Sofia Coppola{{Cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6394-sofia-coppola-looks-back-on-growing-up-cinephile|title=Sofia Coppola Looks Back on Growing Up Cinephile | Current | The Criterion Collection}}
• Brian De Palma{{Cite web|url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/movies/blow-out-cynical-patriotism/|title=Blow Out Remains Brian De Palma's Politically Cynical Masterpiece - Paste Magazine|work=Paste Magazine }}
• Greta Gerwig{{Cite web|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/11/12/movies-greta-gerwig-shows-off-directing-talent-with-debut-lady-bird/|title=Movies: Greta Gerwig shows off directing talent with debut, 'Lady Bird'|author=Jake Coyle|agency=Associated Press|date=November 12, 2017}}
• Jean-Luc Godard[https://www.thenation.com/article/culture/jean-luc-godard-obituary/ Godard Was Cinema|The Nation]
• James Gray{{Cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6567-james-gray-s-ad-astra|title=James Gray's Ad Astra | Current | The Criterion Collection}}
• James Gunn{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2546944/james-gunns-favorite-superhero-movie-might-surprise-you|title=James Gunn's Favorite Superhero Movie Might Surprise You|author1=Erik Swann|date=May 26, 2020|website=CINEMABLEND}}
• Todd Haynes{{Cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/film/todd-haynes-all-my-movies-are-critical-and-financial-disappointments-initially-1.4176420|title=Todd Haynes: 'All my movies are critical and financial disappointments initially'|newspaper=The Irish Times}}
• Joanna Hogg[https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6357-joanna-hogg-revisits-her-past-selves Joanna Hogg Revisits Her Past Selves|Current|The Criterion Collection]
• Jim Jarmusch{{Cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/567-stranger-than-paradise-enter-jarmusch|title=Stranger Than Paradise: Enter Jarmusch | Current | The Criterion Collection}}
• Barry Jenkins{{Cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/5133-adventures-in-moviegoing-with-barry-jenkins|title=Adventures in Moviegoing with Barry Jenkins | Current | The Criterion Collection}}
• Martin Koolhoven[https://www.vpro.nl/programmas/de-kijk-van-koolhoven.html De kijk van Koolhoven], VPRO
• Stanley Kubrick{{Cite web|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/sight-sound-magazine/polls-surveys/stanley-kubrick-cinephile|title=Stanley Kubrick, cinephile|date=November 22, 2019|website=British Film Institute}}{{Cite web|url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/stanley-kubrick-93-favourite-films-list/|title=A definitive list of Stanley Kubrick's 93 favourite films|date=June 19, 2022|website=faroutmagazine.co.uk}}
• Spike Lee{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2021/film/awards/spike-lee-reflects-career-on-eve-of-american-cinematheque-honor-1234881668/|title=Spike Lee Reflects on Eve of American Cinematheque Honor|first=Clayton|last=Davis|date=January 14, 2021}}{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/movies-general-news-f4052c5bb8ac43ea91d378587fd5a219|title=Tragedy hits and Spike Lee rewrites 'BlacKkKlansman'|date=May 16, 2018|website=AP News}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/awards/industry/spike-lee-american-cinematheque-award-da-5-bloods-1234609652/|title=Spike Lee Accepts American Cinematheque Award from 'Da 5 Bloods' Cast|first=Anne|last=Thompson|date=January 15, 2021}}
• Richard Linklater{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/21-years-richard-linklater-film-747224/|title='21 Years: Richard Linklater': Film Review|first=T. H. R.|last=Staff|website=The Hollywood Reporter |date=November 6, 2014}}
• David Lynch[https://variety.com/2025/film/global/david-lynch-remembered-cannes-thierry-fremaux-1236277328/ David Lynch Remembered by Cannes' Thierry Fremaux - Variety]
• Jean-Pierre Melville{{Cite web|url=https://mubi.com/notebook/posts/jean-pierre-melville-the-moral-dimension-of-crime|title=Jean-Pierre Melville: The Moral Dimension of Crime|date=May 2, 2017|website=MUBI}}
• Alexander Payne{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/08/magazine/the-bard-of-omaha.html|title=The Bard of Omaha|first=John|last=Hodgman|work=The New York Times |date=December 8, 2002|via=NYTimes.com}}
• Sam Raimi{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/evil-dead-movie-sam-raimi-equinox-comparison-inspiration/|title=The Evil Dead: How Sam Raimi's Movie Compares To Equinox (Did He Rip It Off?)|first=Daniel|last=Kurland|date=September 15, 2020|website=ScreenRant}}
• Mark Rappaport[https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/the-strange-and-sad-saga-of-how-filmmaker-mark-rappaport-lost-his-movies-and-what-he-can-do-to-get-them-back-39582/ The Strange and Sad Saga of How Filmmaker Mark Rappaport Lost His Movies (And What He Can Do To Get Them Back)|IndieWire]
• Josh and Ben Safdie{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/590b385a-2575-11ea-9f81-051dbffa088d|title=The Safdie brothers on making crime thriller Uncut Gems|website=www.ft.com|date=3 January 2020 |last1=Leigh |first1=Danny }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.lecinemaclub.com/archives/johns-gone/|title=Le Cinéma Club | JOHN'S GONE}}
• Paul Schrader{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/retrospective-the-directorial-career-of-paul-schrader-95164/|title=Retrospective: The Directorial Career Of Paul Schrader|first=The Playlist|last=Staff|work=IndieWire |date=August 5, 2013}}
• Martin Scorsese{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/martin-scorsese-favorite-films-movies/|title=Martin Scorsese's Favorite Movies: 80 Films the Director Wants You to See|first1=Wilson Chapman,Alison|last1=Foreman|first2=Wilson|last2=Chapman|first3=Alison|last3=Foreman|date=November 25, 2023}}[https://www.closeupfilmcentre.com/library/films/a-personal-journey-with-martin-scorsese-through-american-movies-martin-scorsese-michael-henry-wilson/5885 A Personal Journey With Martin Scorsese Through American Movies|CLOSE-UP]
• Kevin Smith{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/kevin-smith-leaves-the-star-wars-7-set-in-tears-9576664.html|title=Kevin Smith leaves the Star Wars 7 set in tears|date=July 1, 2014|website=The Independent}}
• Steven Spielberg{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/steven-spielberg-favorite-movies/|title=Steven Spielberg's Favorite Movies: 28 Films the Director Wants You to See|first=Alison|last=Foreman|date=August 8, 2023}}
• Quentin Tarantino{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/quentin-tarantino-favorite-movies/|title=Quentin Tarantino's Favorite Movies: 59 Films the Director Wants You to See|first1=Christian Zilko,Alison Foreman,Wilson|last1=Chapman|first2=Christian|last2=Zilko|first3=Alison|last3=Foreman|first4=Wilson|last4=Chapman|date=December 6, 2023}}
• Guillermo del Toro{{Cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/3472-guillermo-del-toro-on-watership-down|title=Guillermo del Toro on Watership Down | Current | The Criterion Collection}}
• François Truffaut{{Cite web|url=https://mubi.com/en/us/collections/truffaut-auteur-and-cinephile|title=TRUFFAUT: AUTEUR AND CINEPHILE|website=MUBI}}
• Lilly and Lana Wachowski{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/09/10/beyond-the-matrix|title=The Wachowskis, Beyond the Matrix|first=Aleksandar|last=Hemon|magazine=The New Yorker |date=September 3, 2012|via=www.newyorker.com}}
• John Waters{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/john-waters-favorite-movies-top-ten-2017-1201902534/|title=John Waters' Favorite Movies of 2017 Include 'Baby Driver,' 'Wonderstruck' and 'The Strange Ones'|first=Jude|last=Dry|date=November 30, 2017}}
• Ben Wheatley[https://www.criterion.com/shop/collection/471-ben-wheatley-s-closet-picks Ben Wheatley's Closet Picks|The Criterion Collection]
• Nicolas Winding Refn{{Cite web|url=https://www.dga.org/Craft/DGAQ/All-Articles/1203-Summer-2012/Independent-Voice-Nicolas-Winding-Refn.aspx|title=Anger Management - Nicolas Winding Refn|website=www.dga.org}}
• Edgar Wright{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2020/03/edgar-wright-how-cinemas-can-win-netflix-battle-1202873061/|title=Edgar Wright On How Cinemas Can Win The Netflix Battle|first=Tom|last=Grater|date=March 3, 2020}}

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{{cols|colwidth=19em}}

• Pamela Anderson[https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/28/movies/pamela-anderson-last-showgirl.html Perhaps You Didn't Know Pamela Anderson Is a Cinephile – The New York Times]
• James Baldwin{{Cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6174-james-baldwin-and-the-movies|title=James Baldwin and the Movies | Current | The Criterion Collection}}
• David Bordwell[https://tonemadison.com/articles/a-small-tribute-to-the-titanic-david-bordwell-a-real-cinephile/ A small tribute to the titanic David Bordwell, "a real cinephile" - Tone Madison]
• David Bowie{{cite web|url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/david-bowie-film-fan|title=David Bowie, film fan|website=British Film Institute|author=Stephen Dalton|date=5 January 2022|accessdate=23 August 2023|language=English}}
• Ray Carney
• Lana Del Rey{{Cite web|last=Lockett|first=Dee|date=2017-07-21|title=The Most Lana Del Rey Things Lana Del Rey Says on Lust for Life|url=https://www.vulture.com/2017/07/the-most-lana-del-rey-things-lana-says-on-lust-for-life.html|access-date=2021-07-17|website=Vulture|language=en-us}}
• Roger Ebert{{cite web | url=https://apnews.com/article/8f8f3b1ff15b439ca7eeecf354744373 | title=Review: Thumbs up for Ebert doc 'Life Itself' | website=Associated Press News | date=July 2014 }}
• Tatsuki Fujimoto{{cite web | url=https://www.cbr.com/chainsaw-man-pays-homage-to-tarantino-coen-bros-more/ | title=Chainsaw Man Opening Pays Homage to Tarantino, Coen Bros. Movies and More | date=12 October 2022 }}
• Ayo Edebiri{{cite web | url=https://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/ayo-edebiris-reacts-after-her-letterboxd-movie-reviews-go-viral/ | title=Ayo Edebiri's Viral Letterboxd Reviews Show Her 'Love' for Movies: 'I'm a Comedian' | date=16 January 2024 }}
• Bill Hader{{cite web | url=https://collider.com/bill-hader-favorite-movies-list/ | title=Bill Hader Lists the Movies That Inspired Him to Become a Filmmaker | website=Collider | date=19 September 2019 }}
• George Harrison{{cite web | url=https://www.clashmusic.com/news/george-harrison-helped-save-monty-pythons-the-life-of-brian/ | title=George Harrison Helped Save Monty Python's The Life Of Brian | date=6 April 2023 |access-date=2024-05-09}}
• Jerry Harvey{{cite web | url=https://www.radiotimes.com/movie-guide/b-8hkrhr/z-channel-a-magnificent-obsession/ | title=Z Channel: A Magnificent Obsession (2004) }}
• Adolf Hitler{{cite news | url=https://www.historytoday.com/miscellanies/adolf-hitler-film-fanatic | title=Adolf Hitler, Film Fanatic | work=History Today | date=14 March 2018 }}
• Kim Jong Il{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-16245174 | title=Kim Jong-il: The cinephile despot | work=BBC News | date=19 December 2011 }}
• Hideo Kojima{{cite web|last=Parkin|first=Simon|date=May 23, 2012|title=Hideo Kojima: video game drop-out – interview part 1|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2012/may/23/hideo-kojima-interview-part-1|access-date=September 7, 2020|issn=0261-3077}}
• Luka Magnotta{{cite web | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/netflix-dont-fk-with-cats-hunting-an-internet-killer-zodiac-killer-catch-me-if-you-can-2-6188070/ | title=Don't F**k with Cats Hunting an Internet Killer review: Catch me if you can | date=28 December 2019 }}
• Frank Ocean{{Cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/4197-did-you-see-this|title=Did You See This? | Current | The Criterion Collection}}{{cite web | url=https://www.indiewire.com/2016/08/frank-ocean-100-favorite-films-blue-velvet-solaris-annie-hall-1201719610/ | title=Frank Ocean's 100 Favorite Films: 'Blue Velvet,' 'Solaris,' 'Annie Hall' and 97 More | date=23 August 2016 }}
• Patton Oswalt{{cite web | url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/patton-oswalt-his-new-memoir-761257 | title=Patton Oswalt on His New Memoir, 'Silver Screen Fiend,' and His Dream Dinner Guests | website=The Hollywood Reporter | date=6 January 2015 }}
• Trent Reznor{{cite web | url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/trent-reznors-five-favourite-films-of-all-time/ | title=Trent Reznor's five favourite films of all time | date=17 May 2022 }}
• J. D. Salinger{{Cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/1367-j-d-salinger-movie-lover|title=J. D. Salinger, Movie Lover | Current | The Criterion Collection}}
• Cindy Sherman[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrP8TKQdzWs CINDY SHERMAN SELECTS - Presented in Partnership with HAUSER & WIRTH - Metrograph on YouTube]
• Ivan Smagghe{{cite web | url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/xykbyd/electro-house-producer-ivan-smagghe-is-a-cinephile | title=Ivan Smagghe is a Cinephile | date=25 June 2014 }}
• Stephen Sondheim{{cite web | url=https://www.americantheatre.org/2023/11/09/sondheim-the-cinephile-how-film-shaped-his-work/ | title=Sondheim the Cinephile: How Film Shaped His Work | date=9 November 2023 }}{{cite web | url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/stephen-sondheim-40-favourite-films-of-all-time/ | title=Stephen Sondheim named his 40 favourite films of all time | date=29 November 2021 }}
• Susan Sontag{{cite web|url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/susan-sontag-50-favourite-films-list-kubrick-godard/|title=From Stanley Kubrick to Jean-Luc Godard: Susan Sontag's list of top 50 favourite films of all time|website=Far Out Magazine|date=18 April 2020|accessdate=29 November 2023|language=en}}
• David Stratton{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/feb/07/david-stratton-a-cinematic-life-review-a-poignant-portrait-of-a-beloved-cinephile | title=David Stratton: A Cinematic Life review – a poignant portrait of a beloved cinephile | newspaper=The Guardian | date=6 February 2017 | last1=Buckmaster | first1=Luke }}
• Yoshihiro Tatsumi{{Cite web|last=Ee-Meyers|first=Elaine|date=2 December 2010|url=http://www.timeoutsingapore.com/film/feature/life-in-cartoon-motion|title=Eric Khoo's latest labour of love: Tatsumi|work=Time Out Singapore|accessdate=2 April 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217035119/http://www.timeoutsingapore.com/film/feature/life-in-cartoon-motion |archivedate=2011-02-17 |url-status=dead}}
• Abel Tesfaye (The Weeknd){{cite web | url=https://variety.com/2019/music/news/the-weeknd-acting-safdie-brothers-uncut-gems-1203329975/ | title=How the Weeknd Came to Play Himself in the Safdie Brothers' Berserk 'Uncut Gems' | date=10 September 2019 }}
• Thé Tjong-Khing{{cite web|url=https://literatuurmuseum.nl/nl/ontdek-en-beleef/literatuurlab/online-exposities/the-tjong-khing/film|title=Thé Tjong-Khing - Film|website=literatuurmuseum}}
• Alex Turner{{cite web|last=Lobb|first=Adrian|date=September 22, 2022|title=Exclusive: 7 things we learned from Alex Turner about new Arctic Monkeys album The Car|language=en-GB|work=The Big Issue|url=https://www.bigissue.com/culture/music/exclusive-7-things-alex-turner-revealed-to-us-about-new-arctic-monkeys-album-the-car/|access-date=October 16, 2022}}{{cite web|last=Azadeh|first=Darius|date=May 22, 2022|title=10 Films That Majorly Inspired Arctic Monkeys' Tranquility Base Hotel and Casino|language=en|work=Taste of Cinema|url=http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2021/10-films-that-majorly-inspired-arctic-monkeys-tranquility-base-hotel-and-casino/|access-date=October 16, 2022}}

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{{portal|Film}}

• Auteur – film equivalent of a literary author
• Audiophilia – love of high-fidelity sound reproduction
• Vulgar auteurism – A latter-day resurgent focus on mainstream directors of modern popcorn cinema
• Bibliophilia – love of books
• Comicphilia – love of comic books
• The Snob's Dictionary – a humorous look at snobbery by author Dave Kemp
• Videophilia – love of high-quality image reproduction
• Postmodern film and television – similar in content
• Mystery Science Theater 3000 – Cult TV show featuring films considered the worst
• The Incredibly Strange Film Show – Another cinema-based series featuring notable cult filmmakers
• Z Channel – Los Angeles-based TV channel which featured popular and obscure films that was also the subject of a 2004 documentary

{{reflist}}

• [https://asalallena.com.ar/en/the-quest-for-lost-cinephilia-0/ The quest for lost cinephilia - article at A Sala Llena]

{{Fandom}}

Category:Film and video terminology

Category:Hobbies

Category:Film preservation

Category:Fandom

Category:Film fandom