Cirata Dam
{{Short description|Dam in West Java, Indonesia}}
{{Infobox dam
| name = Cirata Dam
| name_official =
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| image_alt =
| location_map = Indonesia
| location_map_size =
| location_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|6|42|02|S|107|22|01|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| country = Indonesia
| location = Cadassari, Purwakarta
| status = O
| construction_began = 1984
| opening = 1988
| demolished =
| cost =
| owner =
| dam_type = Embankment, concrete-face rock-fill
| dam_height = {{Convert|125|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| dam_height_thalweg =
| dam_height_foundation =
| dam_length = {{Convert|453|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| dam_width_crest =
| dam_width_base =
| dam_volume = {{Convert|3900000|m3|cuyd|0|abbr=on}}
| dam_elevation_crest =
| dam_crosses = Citarum River
| spillway_count =
| spillway_type =
| spillway_capacity =
| res_name =
| res_capacity_total = {{Convert|2165000000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}}
| res_capacity_active = {{Convert|796000000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}}
| res_capacity_inactive =
| res_catchment = {{Convert|4119|km2|mi2|0|abbr=on}}
| res_surface = {{Convert|62|km2|mi2|0|abbr=on}}
| res_elevation =
| res_max_depth =
| res_max_length =
| res_max_width =
| res_tidal_range =
| plant_name = Cirata Power Station
| plant_coordinates = {{coord|6|40|52.19|S|107|20|48.48|E|type:landmark}}
| plant_operator = PT. PLN Nusantara Power
| plant_commission = 1988–1998, Floating solar: 2023
| plant_decommission =
| plant_type = R
| plant_turbines = 8 x 126 MW Francis-type
| plant_capacity = 1,008 MW of Hydroelectricity + 192 MW of Floating solar
| plant_annual_gen =
| website =
| extra =
}}The Cirata Dam is an embankment dam on the Citarum River in West Java, Indonesia. It is located {{Convert|100|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} southeast of Jakarta. It was constructed between 1984 and 1988 for the primary purpose of hydroelectric & photovoltaic power generation. Other purposes include flood control, aquaculture, water supply and irrigation. The {{Convert|125|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall concrete-face rock-fill dam is situated just before a sharp bend in the river and withholds a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of {{Convert|2165000000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}}. The reservoir has a surface area of {{Convert|62|km2|mi2|0|abbr=on}} which caused the relocation of 6,335 families. The construction of the dam resulted in involuntary resettlement of 56,000 people.B. Terminski, Development-Induced Displacement and Resettlement: Theoretical Frameworks and Current Challenges, Geneva 2013.
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Hydroelectricity
The hydroelectric power station is located on the north side of the river bend and contains eight 126 MW Francis turbine-generators. It has a total installed capacity of 1,008 MW and an annual generation of 1,426 GWh. The power station was completed in two phases, the second was completed in 1998. It serves mostly as a peaking power plant and is the largest hydroelectric power station in Indonesia.{{cite web |title=IEA Hydropower Implementing Agreement Annex VIII – Cirata Dam |url=http://www.ieahydro.org/reports/Annex_VIII_CaseStudy1405_Cirata_Indonesia.pdf |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319212438/http://www.ieahydro.org/reports/Annex_VIII_CaseStudy1405_Cirata_Indonesia.pdf |archivedate=19 March 2012 |accessdate=19 January 2012 |work=Case Study 14-05: Development of Regional Industries – Cirata Hydro Electric Power Project, Indonesia |publisher=IEA Hydropower}}{{cite web |title=Hydroelectric Power Plants in Indonesia |url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-indonesia.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907163927/http://www.industcards.com/hydro-indonesia.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=September 7, 2012 |accessdate=19 January 2012 |publisher=IndustCards}}
Floating solar panels
On 9 November 2023, the floating solar panels that were built above the dam became operational. It has the capacity of 192 MW, making it the largest floating solar power plant in Southeast Asia.{{Cite web |last=Media |first=Kompas Cyber |date=2023-11-09 |title=PLTS Terapung Cirata Diresmikan, Potensi Waduk Lain Menanti Digarap |url=https://lestari.kompas.com/read/2023/11/09/170000386/plts-terapung-cirata-diresmikan-potensi-waduk-lain-menanti-digarap |access-date=2023-11-12 |website=KOMPAS.com |language=id}}
The solar power plant alone is giving a contribution to the Net zero emissions of 245 Gigawatt-hours (GWh) of clean & renewable energy and reducing carbon emissions by 210,000 tons of CO2 annually.{{Cite web |last=Muliawati |first=Firda Dwi |title=PLTS Terapung Cirata Cuma Makan Lahan Waduk 4% |url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20231110182335-4-488169/plts-terapung-cirata-cuma-makan-lahan-waduk-4 |access-date=2023-11-12 |website=CNBC Indonesia |language=id-ID}}
See also
{{Portal|Indonesia|Water|Renewable energy}}