Clacton Pier

File:The pier, Clacton-on-Sea, England-LCCN2002696554.jpg

The first Clacton Pier, which opened on 27 July 1871 was the first public building officially opened in the all-new resort of Clacton-on-Sea. A wooden structure {{convert|160|yd|m}} in length and {{convert|4|yd|m}} wide,{{Cite web |url=http://www.clactonhistory.com/pier.htm |title=Clacton And District Local History Society |access-date=14 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204090429/http://www.clactonhistory.com/pier.htm |archive-date=4 February 2009 |url-status=usurped }} the pier served as a landing point for goods and passengers, a docking point for steamships operated by the Woolwich Steam Packet Company, and a focal and meeting-point for promenading.{{Cite web |url=http://www.theheritagetrail.co.uk/piers/clacton%20pier.htm |title=The Heritage Trail |access-date=14 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419131351/http://www.theheritagetrail.co.uk/piers/clacton%20pier.htm |archive-date=19 April 2012 |url-status=dead }} By 1893, Clacton had become such a popular destination for day trippers that the pier was lengthened to 1180 ft (360m) and entertainment facilities, including a pavilion and a waiting room, were added to accommodate them.

At the end of the First World War, the pier was bought by Ernest Kingsman, and it remained in the ownership of his family until 1971.

Kingsman added some major improvements to the pier including an RNLI lifeboat house, theatre called the Ocean Theatre, Blue Lagoon Dance Hall, Crystal Casino, open-air stage, open-air swimming pool and roller coaster called Steel Stella.

During World War II, the Pier was breached to prevent it being used as a landing stage. A floating German mine also caused considerable damage.

Following the war, after significant refurbishment, the 1946 season began with Gene Durham headlining the traditional seaside show The Ocean Review, supported by Betty Martin and Gordon Norville. Gene Durham continued to headline until 1950, when Tony Hancock took over. In later years, season-long headline acts included Ted Rogers and Roy Hudd.{{cite web |last1=Westwood |first1=Peter |title=A Clacton Childhood- Memories and Trivia from 1936 to 1955 (2) |url=http://peterwestwood.xanga.com/ |website=PeterWestwood Weblog |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216023906/http://peterwestwood.xanga.com/ |archive-date=16 February 2012 |date=12 March 2008 |url-status=dead}}

By 1971, the pier was under the control of Barney Kingsman (Earnest Kingsman's Son) and with visitor numbers declining a decision was made to sell the Pier. It was sold privately during the year to Michael Goss. The Goss family already had the majority share in neighbouring Walton Pier. Goss ran the pier as a successful amusement centre until he eventually grew frustrated with the lack of support from the local authority and decided it was time to sell up and retire.

From 1971 to 1985, dolphins and killer whales were kept and displayed on the pier at the site of the former open-air swimming pool.[http://www.dolphin-art.co.uk/Pages/clactondolphins%20page.html The Whales & Dolphins of Clacton-on-Sea] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819113303/http://www.dolphin-art.co.uk/Pages/clactondolphins%20page.html |date=2009-08-19 }}

In 1973, a fire caused significant structural damage to the pier, particularly the roller coaster. In 1978, a severe storm caused additional significant structural weakness.

File:End Bit of Clacton Pier (20158182204).jpgFile:Clacton Pier helter-skelter and Gunfleet wind farrm.JPG visible beyond the pier]]August 1981 saw local businessmen Francis McGinty, John Treadwell, Denis McGinty and David Howe take ownership of the pier from Michael Goss with plans for a major redevelopment, including the possibility of a bar and disco, reintroduction of the dolphins to the dolphinarium and an upgrade of the pier ride offering. In the succeeding years there were major additions to the pier, including the Whirlwind roller coaster, a circus, ice rink, a roller rink and even a water slide; unfortunately not all of the additions were a success and the pier company struggled financially on a couple of occasions until eventually in around 1993 the operating company went into receivership which is where it remained for around about one year.

In 1994, a local businessman and his family, the Harrisons, bought the pier. They embarked on an ambitious and successful modernisation project to attract 20th century day trippers. The pier emerged as a modern amusement park, unusual in that there are rides as you first enter, with the rest dotted throughout the length of the pier.

In March 2009 the pier was purchased by the Clacton Pier Company, who installed a new focal point, a 50 ft helter-skelter. Originally built in 1949 and used in a travelling show, it was featured in a 2008/2009 Marks & Spencer television advert.[http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/4257303.New_arrival_at_Clacton_Pier_is_not_just_any_helter_skelter___/ New arrival at Clacton Pier is not just any helter skelter...] The helter-skelter collapsed during the St Jude storm on 28 October 2013.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-24904118 |title=Storm-hit Clacton Pier helter-skelter 'back in 2014' |publisher=BBC |date=12 November 2013 |accessdate=21 February 2014}}

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• List of piers in the United Kingdom

{{reflist}}

• [https://www.dolphin-art.co.uk/clacton-dolphins The Whales & Dolphins of Clacton Pier (1971-1985)]
• [http://www.clactonpier.co.uk/ Clacton Pier Official Website]
• [http://www.the-pier.co.uk/clacton-pier Details on Clacton Pier]

{{Commons category|Clacton Pier}}

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{{Succession box| before = Worthing Pier | title = {{nowrap|National Piers Society
Pier of the Year}} | years = 2020| after = Clevedon Pier}}

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{{Piers in the United Kingdom}}

Pier

Category:Grade II listed buildings in Essex

Category:Piers in Essex

Category:Coastal Essex