Clamator
{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = CoccystesKeulemans.jpg
| image_caption = Jacobin cuckoo, Clamator jacobinus (serratus on the left and pica to the right)
Illustration by Keulemans, 1891
| taxon = Clamator
| authority = Kaup, 1829
| type_species = Cuculus glandarius{{cite web |url= https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=70 |title= Cuculidae |author= |date= |website= aviansystematics.org |publisher= The Trust for Avian Systematics |access-date= 2023-08-05}}
| type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
C. glandarius
C. jacobinus
C. levaillantii
C. coromandus
}}
Clamator is a genus of large brood-parasitic cuckoos with crests and graduated tails.
The genus was erected by German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829 with the great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) as the type species.{{ cite book | last=Kaup | first=Johann Jakob | author-link=Johann Jakob Kaup | year=1829 | title=Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und Naturliches System der Europaischen Thierwelt | volume=c. 1 | language=German | place=Darmstadt | publisher=In commission bei Carl Wilhelm Leske | page=53 | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41576476 }} The name Clamator is Latin for "he who shouts" from clamare, "to shout".{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A. | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page = [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n110 110]}}
Species
{{Species table |genus=Clamator |authority-name=Kaup |authority-year=1829 |species-count=four|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Chestnut-winged cuckoo |binomial=Clamator coromandus
|image=File:Chestnut-winged Cuckoo in Singapore, Dec 2012, by William Lee.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus |authority-year=1766 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= northern Indian subcontinent, China and Southeast Asia
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Great spotted cuckoo|binomial=Clamator glandarius
|image=File:Clamator glandarius - Great Spotted Cuckoo.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= Africa and the Mediterranean Basin
|range-image=File:ClamatorGlandariusIUCNver2018 2.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Levaillant's cuckoo|binomial=Clamator levaillantii
|image=File:Levaillant's Cuckoo, or African Striped Cuckoo, Clamator levaillantii, at Shingwedzi, Kruger Park (14523333351).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Swainson |authority-year=1829 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= Sub-Saharan Africa
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Jacobin cuckoo or pied cuckoo |binomial=Clamator jacobinus
|image=File:Jacobin Cuckoo, Pied Cuckoo, or Pied Crested Cuckoo (Clamator jacobinus) at Zaagkuildrift Road near Kgomo Kgomo, Limpopo, South Africa (31206565610).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Boddaert|authority-year=1783 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa
|range-image=File:ClamatorJacobinusMap.svg
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
|C. j. serratus (Sparrman, 1786)
|C. j. pica (Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833)
|C. j. jacobinus (Boddaert, 1783)
}}
}}
{{Species table/end}}
Distribution
Clamator cuckoos are found in warmer parts of southern Europe and Asia, and in Africa south of the Sahara Desert. These are birds of warm open scrubby habitats, but some species are at least partially migratory, leaving for warmer and wetter areas in winter.{{cite journal|url=https://archive.org/stream/smithsonianmisce146196364smit#page/n148/mode/1up|title=Evolutionary trends in the genus Clamator|author=Friedmann, H| year= 1964| journal=Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections|volume=146| issue=4|pages=1–106}}
These are large cuckoos, all at least {{cvt|33|cm}} long, with broad chestnut wings and long narrow tails. They are strikingly patterned with black, white and brown plumage. The sexes are similar but the juvenile plumages are distinctive. The two African species each also have two distinct colour morphs, light and dark.
All the Clamator cuckoos are brood parasites, which lay a single egg in the nests of medium-sized hosts, such as magpies, starlings, shrikes, laughingthrushes, bulbuls and babblers, depending on location. Unlike the common cuckoo, neither the hen nor the hatched chick of Clamator species evict the host's eggs, but the host's young often die because they cannot compete successfully with the cuckoo for food.
These are noisy birds, with persistent and loud calls. They feed on large insects, with hairy caterpillars, which are distasteful to many birds, being a specialty.
References
{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Commons category-inline|Clamator|Clamator}}
- {{Wikispecies-inline|Clamator|Clamator}}
{{Otidimorphae|C.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q541124}}
{{Authority control}}