Clive Cussler#Dirk Pitt Adventures

{{Short description|American novelist and underwater explorer (1931–2020)}}

{{More citations needed|date=February 2020}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}}

{{Use American English|date=July 2022}}

{{Infobox writer

| name = Clive Cussler

| image = Clive Cussler NUMA.jpg

| imagesize = 250

| caption = Clive Cussler 2012

| pseudonym =

| birth_name = Clive Eric Cussler

| birth_date = {{Birth date |1931|7|15}}

| birth_place = Aurora, Illinois, U.S.

| death_date = {{Death date and age|2020|2|24|1931|7|15}}

| death_place = Paradise Valley, Arizona, U.S.

| occupation = Novelist

| alma_mater = Pasadena City College

| period = 1973–2020

| genre = Adventure

| subject =

| movement =

| spouse = {{Plainlist|

  • {{Marriage|Barbara Knight|1955|2003|end=died}}

}}

| children = {{Plainlist|

}}

| notableworks = {{Plainlist|

  • Dirk Pitt series
  • Oregon Files series
  • NUMA Files series
  • Fargo Adventure series
  • Issac Bell Adventure series

}}

| signature =

| website = {{URL|www.cusslerbooks.com}}

| module = {{Infobox military person

|embed = yes

|embed_title = Military Service

|allegiance = United States

|branch = United States Air Force

|serviceyears = 1950–1953

|rank = Sergeant

}}

}}

Clive Eric Cussler (July 15, 1931 – February 24, 2020) was an American adventure novelist and underwater explorer.{{cite news |last1=Tall |first1=Kevin |title=Clive Cussler Dead, Bestselling Author Of 'Sahara' Dies At Age 88 |url=https://www.inquisitr.com/5912291/clive-cussler-dead/ |access-date=April 11, 2020 |work=Inquisitr |date=February 26, 2020}} His thriller novels, many featuring the character Dirk Pitt, have been listed on The New York Times fiction best-seller list more than 20 times. Cussler was the founder and chairman of the National Underwater and Marine Agency (NUMA), which has discovered more than 60 shipwreck sites and numerous other notable underwater wrecks. He was the sole author or main author of more than 80 books. He often placed himself into his books as himself.

His novels have inspired various other works of fiction.

Early life

Clive Cussler was born in Aurora, Illinois, the son of Eric Edward Cussler and Amy Adeline (née Hunnewell),{{cite book |title=Who's Who in Finance and Industry |date=1975 |isbn=9780837903194 |page=164 |publisher=Marquis Who's Who. |edition=19th |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0bFmAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Eric+Edward+and+Amy+Adeline+%28Hunnewell%29+C%3B%22 |access-date=April 11, 2020}} and grew up in Alhambra, California. His father was from Germany and his mother's ancestors were from England.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dxBMJjQA_WsC&q=amy+eric+Cussler&pg=PA20|title=Clive Cussler and Dirk Pitt Revealed|first1=Clive|last1=Cussler|first2=Craig|last2=Dirgo|date=October 1, 1998|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=9780671026226|via=Google Books}}

In his memoir The Sea Hunters: True Adventures with Famous Shipwrecks, Cussler revealed that his father served in the Imperial German Army on the Western Front during World War I. Furthermore, one of Cussler's uncles served in the Imperial German Air Service and became a flying ace, shooting down 14 Allied aeroplanes.Clive Cussler (1996),The Sea Hunters: True Adventures with Famous Shipwrecks, pages 274-275.

He was awarded the rank of Eagle Scout when he was 14 years old.{{cite book|last=Cussler|first=Clive|author2=Dirgo, Craig| title=Clive Cussler and Dirk Pitt Revealed |date=October 1998|url=https://archive.org/details/clivecusslerdirk00cuss_0 |publisher=Pocket Books|location=New York| isbn=0-671-02622-4|url-access=registration}} He attended Pasadena City College{{cite web|url=http://www.numa.net/clive-cussler-2/|title= NUMA.Net Clive Cussler Biography|access-date=October 6, 2007 |publisher=NUMA}} for two years and then enlisted in the United States Air Force during the Korean War. During his service with the Air Force, he was promoted to sergeant and worked as an aircraft mechanic and flight engineer for the Military Air Transport Service (MATS).{{cite news |title=Bestselling author Clive Cussler no more |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/books/features/bestselling-author-clive-cussler-no-more/articleshow/74335219.cms |access-date=January 2, 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=February 27, 2020}}

Career

After his discharge from the military, Cussler went to work for the advertising industry, first as a copywriter and later as a creative director for two of the nation's most successful advertising agencies. As part of his duties, Cussler produced radio and television commercials, many of which won international awards including an award at the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival.{{cite news |last1=Arnold |first1=Helen Ruth |title=The historic novels, true adventures of Clive Cussler |url=https://www.mccookgazette.com/story/2465258.html |access-date=April 11, 2020 |work=McCook Gazette |date=December 1, 2017}}

After the publication in 1996 of Cussler's first nonfiction work, The Sea Hunters, he was awarded a Doctor of Letters degree in 1997 by the Board of Governors of the State University of New York Maritime College who accepted the work in lieu of a Ph.D. thesis. This was the first time in the college's 123-year history that such a degree had been awarded.

In 2002, Cussler was awarded the Naval Heritage Award from the U.S. Navy Memorial Foundation for his efforts concerning marine exploration.{{cite web |title=Naval Heritage Award Recipients |url=https://www.navymemorial.org/previous-lone-sailor-award-recipients |publisher=The US Navy Memorial |access-date=April 11, 2020}}

Cussler was a fellow of the Explorers Club of New York, the Royal Geographical Society in London, and the American Society of Oceanographers.{{cite web|url= http://www.simonsays.com/content/destination.cfm?tab=1&pid=329146&agid=13|title= Simon Says.com Clive Cussler Biography|access-date=February 22, 2007|format=Web Article|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060629232050/http://simonsays.com/content/destination.cfm?tab=1&pid=329146&agid=13 |archive-date = June 29, 2006}}

=Literary career=

Clive Cussler began writing in 1965 when his wife took a job working nights for the local police department where they lived in California. After making dinner for the children and putting them to bed, he had no one to talk to and nothing much to do, so he decided to start writing.{{cite web|url=http://www.bookreporter.com/authors/au-cussler-clive.asp|title= Bookreporter.com Clive Cussler Biography|access-date=February 22, 2007|format=Web Article}} His most famous character is marine engineer, government agent and adventurer Dirk Pitt. The Dirk Pitt novels frequently have an alternative history premise—such as "what if Atlantis were real?" or "what if Abraham Lincoln wasn't assassinated but was kidnapped?"{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}

The first two Pitt novels, The Mediterranean Caper and Iceberg, were relatively conventional maritime thrillers. The third, Raise the Titanic!, made Cussler's reputation and established the pattern that subsequent Pitt novels would follow: a blend of adventure and advanced technology, generally involving megalomaniacal villains, lost ships, beautiful women, and sunken treasure.

Cussler's novels almost always begin with a chapter set in the past. These contain none of the novel's main characters and often seem disconnected from the plot until the main characters discover a mystery or secret relating the events of the first chapter to the rest of the story. This is almost always in the form of a long-lost artifact that is important to the villain's or hero's objectives. Often in the first chapter, a ship or airplane carrying a top-secret, important, or dangerous cargo is lost and never found, until it is recovered by a modern character later in the book.

Cussler's novels, like those of Michael Crichton, are examples of techno-thrillers that do not use military plots and settings. Where Crichton strove for scrupulous realism, however, Cussler prefers fantastic spectacles and outlandish plot devices. The Pitt novels, in particular, have the improbable quality of the James Bond or Indiana Jones movies, while also sometimes borrowing from Alistair MacLean's novels. Pitt himself is a super-hero reminiscent of Doc Savage and other characters from pulp magazines.

Cussler had seventeen consecutive titles listed on The New York Times fiction best seller list.{{cite news |last1=Cain |first1=Sian |title=Clive Cussler, bestselling adventure novelist, dies aged 88 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/feb/26/clive-cussler-novelist-dies-88 |access-date=April 11, 2020 |work=The Guardian |date=February 26, 2020}} In 2014, McFarland Publishing released The Clive Cussler Adventures: A Critical Review by Steven Philip Jones, the first critical review textbook of Cussler's novels.{{cite web |last1=Ayers |first1=Jeff |title=The Clive Cussler Adventures: A Critical Review by Steven Philip Jones |url=http://www.thebigthrill.org/2014/06/the-clive-cussler-adventures-a-critical-review-by-steven-philip-jones/ |publisher=The Big Thrill |access-date=April 11, 2020 |date=June 30, 2014}}

=NUMA=

As an underwater explorer, Cussler discovered more than 60 shipwreck sites{{cite book| last =Cussler| first =Clive| title =Valhalla Rising| publisher = Berkley Trade

|date = October 26, 2004| pages = Inside dust jacket flap| isbn = 978-0-425-20404-7| id =039914787X| no-pp =true}} and wrote non-fiction books about his findings. He was also the initiator of the National Underwater and Marine Agency (NUMA), a non-profit organization with the same name as the fictional government agency that employs Dirk Pitt.

Important finds by NUMA include:

  • {{RMS|Carpathia}}, the ship famed for being the first to come to the aid of {{RMS|Titanic}} survivors.
  • {{ship|CSS|Manassas}}, the first ironclad of the civil war, formerly the icebreaker Enoch Train.

A visual and interactive depiction of Cussler's NUMA Foundation Expeditions has been made available as an extension of NUMA's original website that has since been deleted.

Finds formerly believed to be important include:

  • Mary Celeste, the famed ghost ship that was found abandoned with cargo intact (the identification of this wreck as the Mary Celeste has since been placed into a state of question after one researcher disputed the claim's authenticity).{{cite web

|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article16409.ece

|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130114033931/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article16409.ece

|url-status=dead

|archive-date=January 14, 2013

|title=Dating of wreck's timbers puts wind in sails of the 'Mary Celeste' mystery

|access-date=July 22, 2009 |work=The Independent |author=Jonathan Thompson |date=January 23, 2005}}

Adaptations

Personal life

Clive Cussler married Barbara Knight in 1955, and they remained married for nearly 50 years until her death in 2003.{{cite web|url=http://www.tv.com/clive-cussler/person/292212/biography.html|title=Clive Cussler Biography|publisher=TV.Com|access-date=February 22, 2007|archive-date=September 30, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930121001/http://www.tv.com/clive-cussler/person/292212/biography.html|url-status=dead}} Together they had three children—Teri, Dirk, and Dayna—four grandchildren, and four great-grandchildren.

He was an avid car collector of classic automobiles that are on display at the Cussler Museum{{cite book|last1=Cussler|first1=Clive|title=Built to Thrill|date=2016|publisher=Putnam|page=198}} in Arvada, Colorado. Clive Cussler was a part-time resident of both Arizona and Colorado.{{Cite web |url=http://www.cusslerbooks.com/clive-cussler.php |title=About the Author |publisher=Clive Cussler Books |access-date=September 30, 2019}}

Cussler died at his home in Paradise Valley, Arizona, on February 24, 2020, at age 88 of undisclosed causes.{{Cite news|last=McFadden|first=Robert D.|date=2020-02-26|title=Clive Cussler, Best-Selling Author and Adventurer, Is Dead at 88|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/26/books/clive-cussler-dead.html|access-date=2021-11-24|issn=0362-4331}}

Bibliography

=Dirk Pitt Adventures=

class="wikitable sortable"
 # 

! Title

! Publication date

style="text-align:center"| 1

| The Mediterranean Caper

| style="text-align:center"| 1973

style="text-align:center"| 2

| Iceberg

| style="text-align:center"| 1975

style="text-align:center"| 3

| Raise the Titanic!

| style="text-align:center"| 1976

style="text-align:center"| 4

| Vixen 03

| style="text-align:center"| 1978

style="text-align:center"| 5

| Night Probe

| style="text-align:center"| 1981

style="text-align:center"| 6

| Pacific Vortex!

| style="text-align:center"| 1983

style="text-align:center"| 7

| Deep Six

| style="text-align:center"| 1984

style="text-align:center"| 8

| Cyclops

| style="text-align:center"| 1986

style="text-align:center"| 9

| Treasure

| style="text-align:center"| 1988

style="text-align:center"| 10

| Dragon

| style="text-align:center"| 1990

style="text-align:center"| 11

| Sahara

| style="text-align:center"| 1992

style="text-align:center"| 12

| Inca Gold

| style="text-align:center"| 1994

style="text-align:center"| 13

| Shock Wave

| style="text-align:center"| 1996

style="text-align:center"| 14

| Flood Tide

| style="text-align:center"| 1997

style="text-align:center"| 15

| Atlantis Found

| style="text-align:center"| 1999

style="text-align:center"| 16

| Valhalla Rising

| style="text-align:center"| 2001

style="text-align:center"| 17

| Trojan Odyssey

| style="text-align:center"| 2003

style="text-align:center"| 18

| Black Wind

| style="text-align:center"| 2004

style="text-align:center"| 19

| Treasure of Khan

| style="text-align:center"| 2006

style="text-align:center"| 20

| Arctic Drift

| style="text-align:center"| 2008

style="text-align:center"| 21

| Crescent Dawn

| style="text-align:center"| 2010

style="text-align:center"| 22

| Poseidon's Arrow

| style="text-align:center"| 2012

style="text-align:center"| 23

| Havana Storm

| style="text-align:center"| 2014

style="text-align:center"| 24

| Odessa Sea

| style="text-align:center"| 2016

style="text-align:center"| 25

| Celtic Empire

| style="text-align:center"| 2019

style="text-align:center"| 26

| Clive Cussler's The Devil's Sea

| style="text-align:center"| 2021

style="text-align:center"| 27

| Clive Cussler's The Corsican Shadow

| style="text-align:center"| 2023

=The NUMA Files=

This series of books is based on the character Kurt Austin, Team Leader of NUMA's Special Assignments division and his adventures. Some characters from the Pitt novels appear such as Sandecker, Al Giordino, Rudi Gunn, Hiram Yaeger and St. Julien Perlmutter. Pitt makes brief appearances in the books Serpent, White Death, Polar Shift, Devil's Gate, The Storm, Zero Hour, and Ghost Ship and is mentioned in Lost City. Juan Cabrillo, the captain of the ship Oregon, also made a brief appearance in The Pharaoh's Secret.

class=wikitable
 # 

! Title

! Publication date

style="text-align:center"| 1

| Serpent *

| style="text-align:center"| Jun 1, 1999

style="text-align:center"| 2

| Blue Gold *

| style="text-align:center"| Aug 1, 2000

style="text-align:center"| 3

| Fire Ice *

| style="text-align:center"| Jun 3, 2002

style="text-align:center"| 4

| White Death *

| style="text-align:center"| Jun 23, 2003

style="text-align:center"| 5

| Lost City *

| style="text-align:center"| Jul 22, 2004

style="text-align:center"| 6

| Polar Shift *

| style="text-align:center"| Aug 30, 2005

style="text-align:center"| 7

| The Navigator *

| style="text-align:center"| Jun 5, 2007

style="text-align:center"| 8

| Medusa *

| style="text-align:center"| Jul 2, 2009

style="text-align:center"| 9

| Devil's Gate

| style="text-align:center"| Nov 14, 2011

style="text-align:center"| 10

| The Storm

| style="text-align:center"| May 29, 2012

style="text-align:center"| 11

| Zero Hour

| style="text-align:center"| May 28, 2013

style="text-align:center"| 12

| Ghost Ship

| style="text-align:center"| May 27, 2014

style="text-align:center"| 13

| The Pharaoh's Secret

| style="text-align:center"| Nov 17, 2015

style="text-align:center"| 14

| Nighthawk

| style="text-align:center"| Jun 19, 2017

style="text-align:center"| 15

| The Rising Sea

| style="text-align:center"| Mar 13, 2018

style="text-align:center"| 16

| Sea of Greed

| style="text-align:center"| Nov 6, 2018

style="text-align:center"| 17

| Journey of the Pharaohs

| style="text-align:center"| Mar 10, 2020

style="text-align:center"| 18

| Fast Ice

| style="text-align:center"| Mar 9, 2021

style="text-align:center"| 19

| Clive Cussler's Dark Vector ††

| style="text-align:center"| May 24, 2022

style="text-align:center"| 20

| Clive Cussler's Condor's Fury ††

| style="text-align:center"| Sept 5, 2023

style="text-align:center"| 21

| Clive Cussler's Desolation Code ††

| style="text-align:center"| Nov 17, 2024

=The ''Oregon'' Files=

This series of books features a ship named the Oregon, which Cussler introduced in the Dirk Pitt Adventures novel Flood Tide (1997). While appearing to be a decrepit freighter, it is actually a high-tech advanced ship used by an unnamed and mysterious "Corporation" under the leadership of Juan Cabrillo. The ship is run like a business, with its crew being shareholders, taking jobs for the CIA and other agencies to help stop crime and terrorism. The crew is adept at disguises, combat, computer hacking and more to aid them in their missions. Kurt Austin, Joe Zavala, and Dirk Pitt all make cameo appearances in the fourth volume, Skeleton Coast (Cabrillo speaks to Pitt on the telephone; and Austin and Zavala appear at the end).

class=wikitable
 # 

! Title

! Publication date

style="text-align:center"| 1

| Golden Buddha

| style="text-align:center"| 2003

style="text-align:center"| 2

| Sacred Stone

| style="text-align:center"| 2004

style="text-align:center"| 3

| Dark Watch

| style="text-align:center"| 2005

style="text-align:center"| 4

| Skeleton Coast

| style="text-align:center"| 2006

style="text-align:center"| 5

| Plague Ship

| style="text-align:center"| 2008

style="text-align:center"| 6

| Corsair

| style="text-align:center"| 2009

style="text-align:center"| 7

| The Silent Sea

| style="text-align:center"| 2010

style="text-align:center"| 8

| The Jungle

| style="text-align:center"| 2011

style="text-align:center"| 9

| Mirage

| style="text-align:center"| 2013

style="text-align:center"| 10

| Piranha

| style="text-align:center"| 2015

style="text-align:center"| 11

| The Emperor's Revenge

| style="text-align:center"| 2016

style="text-align:center"| 12

| Typhoon Fury

| style="text-align:center"| 2017

style="text-align:center"| 13

| Shadow Tyrants

| style="text-align:center"| 2018

style="text-align:center"| 14

| Final Option

| style="text-align:center"| 2019

style="text-align:center"| 15

| Marauder

| style="text-align:center"| 2020

style="text-align:center"| 16

| Clive Cussler's Hellburner

| style="text-align:center"| 2022

style="text-align:center"| 17

| Clive Cussler's Fire Strike

| style="text-align:center"| 2023

style="text-align:center"| 18

| Clive Cussler's Ghost Soldier

| style="text-align:center"| 2024

=Isaac Bell Adventures=

These books are set mostly in the U.S. in the early part of the 20th century. They center around Isaac Bell, a brilliant investigator for the Van Dorn Detective Agency, which appears to be modeled after the real-life Pinkerton Agency. Like Pitt, Bell has an affinity for automobiles and is a crack shot. The first book reveals that Bell survives into 1950 with a wife and grown children. Though the setting is a century ago, the books still qualify as techno-thrillers, since they feature the advanced technology of that time such as private express trains, telegraphs, telephones, dreadnought battleships and early airplanes. Isaac Bell also is a principal character of the background story in the Fargo Adventures novel The Gray Ghost.

class=wikitable
 # 

! Title

! Publication date

style="text-align:center"| 1

| The Chase

| style="text-align:center"| 2007

style="text-align:center"| 2

| The Wrecker

| style="text-align:center"| 2009

style="text-align:center"| 3

| The Spy

| style="text-align:center"| 2010

style="text-align:center"| 4

| The Race

| style="text-align:center"| 2011

style="text-align:center"| 5

| The Thief

| style="text-align:center"| 2012

style="text-align:center"| 6

| The Striker

| style="text-align:center"| 2013

style="text-align:center"| 7

| The Bootlegger

| style="text-align:center"| 2014

style="text-align:center"| 8

| The Assassin

| style="text-align:center"| 2015

style="text-align:center"| 9

| The Gangster

| style="text-align:center"| 2016

style="text-align:center"| 10

| The Cutthroat

| style="text-align:center"| 2017

style="text-align:center"| 11

| The Titanic Secret §  

| style="text-align:center"| 2019

style="text-align:center"| 12

| The Saboteurs §  

| style="text-align:center"| 2021

style="text-align:center"| 13

| Clive Cussler's The Sea Wolves §§  

| style="text-align:center"| 2022

style="text-align:center"| 14

| Clive Cussler's The Heist §§  

| style="text-align:center"| 2024

style="text-align:center"| 15

| Clive Cussler's The Iron Storm §§  

| style="text-align:center"| 2025

=Fargo Adventures=

The series focuses on Sam and Remi Fargo, a married couple who are professional treasure hunters.

class=wikitable
 # 

! Title

! Publication date

style="text-align:center"| 1

| Spartan Gold ^  

| style="text-align:center"| 2009

style="text-align:center"| 2

| Lost Empire ^

| style="text-align:center"| 2010

style="text-align:center"| 3

| The Kingdom ^

| style="text-align:center"| 2011

style="text-align:center"| 4

| The Tombs +

| style="text-align:center"| 2012

style="text-align:center"| 5

| The Mayan Secrets +

| style="text-align:center"| 2013

style="text-align:center"| 6

| The Eye of Heaven ×

| style="text-align:center"| 2014

style="text-align:center"| 7

| The Solomon Curse ×

| style="text-align:center"| 2015

style="text-align:center"| 8

| Pirate **

| style="text-align:center"| 2016

style="text-align:center"| 9

| The Romanov Ransom **

| style="text-align:center"| 2017

style="text-align:center"| 10

| The Gray Ghost **

| style="text-align:center"| 2018

style="text-align:center"| 11

| The Oracle **

| style="text-align:center"| 2019

style="text-align:center"| 12

| Wrath of Poseidon **

| style="text-align:center"| 2020

=Non-fiction=

class=wikitable
Title

! Publication date

The Sea Hunters: True Adventures With Famous Shipwrecks

| style="text-align:center"| 1996

Clive Cussler and Dirk Pitt Revealed

| style="text-align:center"| 1998

The Sea Hunters II: Diving the World's Seas for Famous Shipwrecks

| style="text-align:center"| 2002

Built for Adventure: The Classic Automobiles of Clive Cussler and Dirk Pitt

| style="text-align:center"| 2011

Built to Thrill: More Classic Automobiles from Clive Cussler and Dirk Pitt

| style="text-align:center"| 2016

=Children's books=

class=wikitable
Title

! Publication date

The Adventures of Vin Fiz

| style="text-align:center"| 2006

The Adventures of Hotsy Totsy

| style="text-align:center"| 2010

(*) indicates books co-authored with Paul Kemprecos.

(†) indicates books co-authored with Graham Brown.

(††) indicates books authored by Graham Brown.

(‡) indicates books co-authored with Craig Dirgo.

(§) indicates books co-authored with Jack Du Brul.

(§§) indicates books authored by Jack Du Brul.

(‖) indicates books co-authored with Justin Scott.

(^) indicates books co-authored with Grant Blackwood.

(+) indicates books co-authored with Thomas Perry.

(×) indicates books co-authored with Russell Blake.

(≠) indicates books co-authored with Boyd Morrison.

(**) indicates books co-authored with Robin Burcell.

(***) indicates books authored by Robin Burcell.

(╛) indicates books authored by Mike Maden.

Awards

class="wikitable"
YearAwardCategoryWorkResultRef.
1974Edgar Allan Poe AwardBest Paperback OriginalThe Mediterranean CaperNominated
1992Japan Adventure Fiction Association Prize-SaharaWon
2006International Thriller Writers Awards"Thrillermaster" Award-Won

References

{{Reflist}}