Cobden Bridge
{{Use British English|date=January 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox bridge
|bridge_name = Cobden Bridge
|image = Cobden Bridge.jpg
|caption = Cobden Bridge from Bitterne Park
|official_name =
|carries = * 2 road lanes
- 2 bike lanes
|crosses = River Itchen
|locale = Bitterne Park, St Denys (both in Southampton)
|maint = Southampton City Council
|id =
|design =
|length =
|width =
|mainspan =
|height =
|load =
|clearance = open
|below =
|traffic =
|begin = 1882 (original);
1926 (current)
|complete = 1883 (original);
1928 (current)
|open = 1883 (original);
1928 (current)
|closed =
|toll =
|coordinates = {{coord|50.9244|-1.3782|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|preceded = Woodmill
|followed = St Denys Railway Bridge
}}
Cobden Bridge is a major road bridge in Southampton, UK. It crosses the River Itchen joining the suburbs of St Denys and Bitterne Park. It forms part of the A3035. The present bridge dates from 1928, but there has been a bridge on this site since 1883.
The first bridge (1883)
The National Liberal Land Company purchased the land that is now Bitterne Park in 1882, and began developing it for residential purposes.http://www.bitternepark.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=82&Itemid=70 A history of Bitterne Park An iron bridge was constructed across the Itchen to St Denys, thus improving access and vastly increasing the value of the land.
The bridge was opened with the promise to be "free to the public for ever" and was originally called the "Cobden Free Bridge".{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MY--HA8cHbkC&dq=%22Cobden+free+bridge%22&pg=PA6 |title=Engineering |date=1884 |publisher=Office for Advertisements and Publication |volume=37 |language=en}} This was in clear competition to Northam Bridge further south, which at that time was a toll bridge.
The bridge was named Cobden Bridge after Richard Cobden, a prominent Liberal politician. Cobden was notable as a campaigner for free trade, and formed the Anti-Corn Law League. The bridge was opened on 27 June 1883 by Thorold Rogers, another Liberal politician and friend of Cobden, who was also chairman of the Land Company.
The original bridge had five spans of {{Convert|72|ft|6|in|m}} with headway below the bridge of {{Convert|15|ft}} at high water and {{Convert|27|ft}} at low water. The bridge was supported by iron piers, cylindrical in shape and {{Convert|7|ft}} in diameter below the water and {{convert|4|ft|6|in|m}} above it. The two centre piers extended {{convert|23|ft}} below the water level and the outer two were {{convert|15|ft}} deep. The abutments were made of concrete and although the piers were made of cast iron, they were also filled with concrete. The piers were topped with two lattice girders {{convert|5|ft|10|in}} deep and divided into {{convert|5|ft|10|in}}-long panels, set {{convert|28|ft}} apart from one another. The bridge carried a {{convert|16|ft}}-wide carriageway with a {{convert|6|ft}}-wide footway on both sides. In all the bridge contained {{convert|287|ST}} of wrought iron and {{convert|191|ST}} of cast iron. The engineer was Corbet Woodall of Westminster.
The bridge was the site of several clashes between local gangs soon after opening.{{cite news |url=http://www.dailyecho.co.uk/heritage/hampshireheritage/display.var.1095584.0.battles_of_cobden_bridge.php |title=Battles of Cobden Bridge |newspaper=Southern Daily Echo |author=Keith Hamilton|date=29 December 2006 |accessdate=28 January 2014}}
The second bridge (1928)
File:River Itchen, Cobden Bridge (geograph 5049906).jpg
A new five arch concrete bridge, vastly superior to its predecessor, was built between 1926 and 1928, to better cope with the increases in size and volume of traffic.Brian J Ticehurst, Sights and Scenes of St Denys
The new bridge was opened on 25 October 1928 by Wilfred Ashley, then Minister of Transport.
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References
{{Reflist}}
{{Buildings in Southampton}}
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