St Denys
{{About|a district of Southampton|the first Bishop of Paris, martyred in the 2nd century AD|Saint Denis of Paris{{!}}Denis}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2015}}
{{Infobox UK place |
|country = England
|map_type = Southampton
|official_name= St Denys
|coordinates = {{coord|50.925|-1.384|display=inline,title}}
|unitary_england= Southampton
|lieutenancy_england= Hampshire
| post_town= SOUTHAMPTON
| postcode_area= SO
| dial_code= 023
| constituency_westminster=Southampton Test
| region = South East England
| postcode_district= SO17
}}
St Denys is a partially riverside district of Southampton, England, centred {{convert|1.5|mi}} north north-east of the city centre facing variously Bitterne Park and quay across the River Itchen estuary. The river is here spanned in the mid-east extreme of the district by Cobden Bridge, one of five within the city's broad boundaries, six including the railway bridge 100 m south. It is separated from the city centre by the districts sometimes known as Bevois Valley and New Town, in turn and to the south a riverside boardwalk allows pedestrian and bicycle access to the Mount Pleasant Industrial Estate and Northam.
History
{{main|St. Denys Priory|Southampton}}
The far south has evidence of a Roman river jetty or possible crossing to Clausentum on the east of the river, and certain finds of other Roman archaeology. {{Cite web|url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1425731?section=official-list-entry | title=Historic England List Entry 1425731 ; Historic England Website}}
The area is named after the 12th-century St. Denys Priory, of minor wealth and size, of which little remains, aside from an archway of the original chapel spanning two back gardens,{{NHLE|num=1091999|desc=Remains of the Priory of St Denys in the back gardens of Nos 1 and 2|accessdate=8 December 2017}} and a counterpart moved to beside the rear wall of King John's Palace at Tudor House Museum in the city centre.{{NHLE|num=1092059|desc=Archway from St Denys Priory, in the grounds of Tudor House Museum, situated to the south of the rear wall of King John's Palace|accessdate=8 December 2017}}'Houses of Austin canons: Priory of St Denis, Southampton', in A History of the County of Hampshire: Volume 2, ed. H Arthur Doubleday and William Page (London, 1903), pp. 160-164. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/hants/vol2/pp160-164.
St Denys consisted of a very small hamlet nucleus and scattered farms throughout the medieval period. Drains and dykes improved the land for habitation and crop agriculture over many centuries.
=19th century and later=
{{Annotated image
| image = OS_Map_SU41_extract.jpg
| image-width = 1000
| image-left = -550
| image-top = -540
| width = 180
| height = 240
| float = right
| annotations =
| caption = Extract from Ordnance Survey Map of 1941
}}
The land here was extensively developed at low-rise level from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century; by 1895 it had a quite dense grid of streets which preceded most of the larger area west of the north-south railway line, namely Portswood, apart from its main road.{{Cite web|url=http://maps.nls.uk/geo/explore/#zoom=14&lat=50.9280&lon=-1.3948&layers=1&b=1|title = Explore georeferenced maps - Map images - National Library of Scotland}}
An iron railway bridge crossing the River Itchen opened in 1866, connecting St Denys (then Portswood) Station to Netley Hospital, via Bitterne and Woolston.{{Cite book |last=Ticehurst |first=Brian J. |title=Sights and Scenes of St Denys |date= |publisher=B & J Ticehurst |year=1991 |isbn=1 871733 01 4 |location=Portswood, Southampton |pages=6}} This was followed in 1883 by the first Cobden Bridge.
A history of large laundries provided employment, servicing Southampton's ocean liners until the late 20th century. A number of homes of Titanic (sank 1912) victims and survivors are in St Denys. Considerable bombing in the Southampton Blitz due to proximity to the railway connecting London and docks.
{{clear}}
Demography
The area is populated with a wide mix of younger working families, older residents and students.
A small community of houseboats is moored along the easterly border, the waterfront, conversions from World War II motor torpedo boats.
Landmarks
=St Denys Church=
The church was built in 1868, designed by George Gilbert Scott and is a listed building in the initial category;{{NHLE|num=1179120|accessdate=8 December 2017}} the parish dates from the previous year, its patron is and remains the Bishop of Winchester.{{Cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/hants/vol3/pp524-537#h3-0009|title = Southampton: Churches, public buildings and charities | British History Online}} The stained glass windows have been restored, and the congregation of the early 21st century holds events in church rooms and gardens.
=St Denys Primary School=
Originally built in the Victorian era for approximately 900 pupils,{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailyecho.co.uk/news/16223206.st-denys-school-celebrates-2-5-million-expansion/|title = St Denys School Celebrates 2.5 Million Expansion ; Southampton Daily Echo}} St Denys Primary School, located opposite St Denys Church on Dundee Road, is now a Foundation school serving up to 210 pupils aged between 4 and 11.
Industry
The area is bounded in part by the Portswood Waste Water Treatment Works built on former salt meadows and now owned by Southern Water, supplementing another for the west side of the city.
In recent years part of the Waste Water Treatment Works estate was converted into industrial units and the area is bounded to the south west by the Empress Road industrial estate.
[https://www.southamptononline.co.uk/info/3252/ Dyer Bros Boatyard] is located to the southwest of Cobden Bridge and has provided marine services from this location since 1903, prior to the construction of the existing Cobden Bridge. {{Cite web|url=https://iwalkalone.co.uk/misty-st-denys-morning/|title=Misty St Denys Morning ; I walk Alone Blog}}
Boundaries
;Church parishes and local government ward(s) history
St Denys is bounded by the estuary (east and south), a mainline railway (west), the far side of buildings on the north side of the start of Kent Road (north) and the A335 bypass, which when built in the late 20th century meant removing part of the original parish. Today the area is roughly equivalent to a third of the ward of Portswood;[http://www.publichealth.southampton.gov.uk/Images/SC%20PCT%20Ward%20and%20Locality%20Boundaries%20Map.JPG Wards map colour-coded and re-used by Public Health England] it remains a whole ecclesiastical parish in the Church of England.[https://www.achurchnearyou.com/search/?lat=50.92218&lon=-1.3877499999999827&place=ChIJzwrZPv1zdEgRN2dyl4D5Npk&text= Parish finder (C of E). Parish of St Denys in the church of England] In the Catholic Church it is grouped with Portswood to the north into a parish.[http://www.portsmouthdiocese.org.uk/docs/schools/Diocesan-Map-2014-Colour-Showing-Deaneries.jpg The (Roman Catholic) Diocese of Portsmouth] Deaneries showing parish subdivisions for schools purposes
Public Transport & Active Travel Zone
{{main|St Denys railway station|Southampton City Council}}
The area is connected by a minor passenger stop on the site of a junction with the coastal line to Portsmouth or Brighton of the South West Main Line. The area is connected by a high-frequency timetable of buses to Southampton city centre, including its railway station, where the mainline continues to Weymouth and has dedicated parking bays in the surrounding streets for a Scooter-sharing system, currently provided by Voi [https://www.voi.com/city-guides/southampton/]
Between 2020 and 2023 the area received investment in measures to improve the safety and promote the use of Active Travel through the St Denys Active Travel Zone (ATZ) scheme. [https://transport.southampton.gov.uk/tcf/eastleigh-to-southampton-corridor/st-denys-atz/]
Arts, Culture & Recreation
The grassroots All Aboard Festival has taken place annually since 2019,{{Cite web|url=https://www.allaboardfest.co.uk/the-festival|title=All Aboard Festival ;Festival Website}} showcasing local musical acts and visual artists in various locations throughout St Denys including some performances taking place on pontoons and vessels on the River Itchen itself.
The proximity to the river affords easy access for popular water pursuits such as sailing and paddle boarding. St Denys Boat Club was founded in 1889 originally using Dyer Bros. Boatyard before relocating to its own premises to the north west of Cobden Bridge. Boats can also be launched at high tide from the public hard located to the south of Priory Road.
There are a number of small parks within St Denys and the St Denys Community Centre has an outdoor court which can be used for football or other ball games.
Notable residents
Major General Daniel Beak, a recipient of the Victoria Cross, attended St Denys School prior to graduating to Tauntons Grammar School in Southampton.{{Cite book |last=Ticehurst |first=Brian J. |title=Sights and Scenes of St Denys |publisher=B & J Ticehurst |year=1991 |isbn=1 871733 01 4 |location=Portswood, Southampton |pages=39-41}}
The singer, songwriter and model Foxes lived in the area and attended St Denys Primary School in her early life.
Gallery
File:StDenysStation-Platforms.jpg|St Denys railway station platforms, canopies and homes and gardens in the hilly western part of Portswood and Bevois Mount beyond
File:Cobden Bridge.jpg|Six large arches of Cobden Bridge across the sky-reflecting estuary of the chalkland-fed Itchen