Colias hyale
{{Short description|Species of butterfly}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Pale clouded yellow
| image =(MHNT) Colias hyale - Novy Jicin Moravie Czech Republic - male dorsal.jpg
| image_caption = Colias hyale ♂
| image2 =(MHNT) Colias hyale - Novy Jicin Moravie Czech Republic - male ventral.jpg
| image2_caption = Colias hyale ♂△
| taxon = Colias hyale
| authority = (Linnaeus, 1758)
| synonyms = {{Species_list|Papilio hyale|Linnaeus, 1758}}
}}
Colias hyale, the pale clouded yellow, is a butterfly of the family Pieridae, (also known as the yellows and whites) which is found in most of Europe and large parts of the Palearctic. It is a rare migrant to the British Isles and Scandinavia. The adult wingspan is {{convert|52|-|62|mm}}.Heath J. & Maitland Emmet A. (1989) The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 7, Part 1, Harley Books Ltd., Colchester: {{ISBN|0-946589-25-9}}
File:Britishentomologyvolume5Plate242.jpg's British Entomology Volume 5]]
Description
The upperside of the male is more or less light lemon yellow, with the black marginal and submarginal bands more or less complete on both wings; the black middle spot of the forewing large, in centre of hindwing an orange-yellow double spot; base of wings more or less dusted with black. The underside is bright yellow, being somewhat lighter on the forewing, with small marginal and larger submarginal red-brown spots; the middle spot of the forewing black with pale centre, the hindwing bearing a double spot which is mother-of-pearl colour, encircled by a double ring of red brown; fringes above and beneath, as well as head and antenna red brown. In the female the ground colour of the upperside and the proximal area of the underside of the forewing is white, being slightly yellowish.
The egg is bottle shaped, whitish, with yellowish-brown stripes. The larva is bluish green or grass green, velvety, there being on the back two rows of blackish dots which are traversed by two thin yellow longitudinal lines, above the legs a yellow or reddish longitudinal side line, head dark green; the autumnal larvae without black dorsal spots. Pupa green, with yellow lateral lines.
(MHNT) Colias hyale - Novy Jicin Moravie Czech Republic - female dorsal.jpg|Colias hyale ♀
(MHNT) Colias hyale - Novy Jicin Moravie Czech Republic - female ventral.jpg|Colias hyale ♀ △
Biology
Habitat
The species lives in flower meadows up to 2,000 metres above sea level.
Distribution
It is common throughout the Palaearctic Region. Recorded from Ireland only once, in 1868; in England it is found only in the south.Howarth, T.G. 1973. p.45. South's British Butterflies. Frederick Warne & Co Ltd. {{ISBN|0-7232-1499-9}}
Subspecies
- Colias hyale hyale Europe, Ukraine, S. Russia
- Colias hyale alta Staudinger, 1886 a large form with a broad black marginal band provisionally accepted as a full species that flies only at high altitudes in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan "but it may only be a subspecies of C. hyale". by Grieshuber & Lamas, 2007 {{cite journal |author=Josef Grieshuber & Gerardo Lamas |year=2007 |title=A synonymic list of the genus Colias Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) |journal=Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft |volume=97 |pages=131–171 |url=http://museohn.unmsm.edu.pe/body/content/departamentos/entomologia/entomologia/grieshuber_2007-Colias.pdf |access-date=2013-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083804/http://museohn.unmsm.edu.pe/body/content/departamentos/entomologia/entomologia/grieshuber_2007-Colias.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead }}
- Colias hyale altaica Verity, 1911 Altaï
- Colias hyale irkutskana Stauder, 1924
- Colias hyale palidis Fruhstorfer, 1910 East Siberia
- Colias hyale novasinensis Reissinger, 1989 Gansu
==Similar species==
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Commons}}
- {{cite book |last1=Evans |first1=W.H. |authorlink=William Harry Evans |title=The Identification of Indian Butterflies |edition=2nd |location=Mumbai, India |publisher=Bombay Natural History Society |year=1932 }}
- {{cite book |last=Gaonkar |first=Harish |authorlink=Harish Gaonkar |title=Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka) - A Biodiversity Assessment of a Threatened Mountain System |publisher=Centre for Ecological Sciences |location=Bangalore, India |year=1996 }}
- {{cite book |last1=Gay |first1=Thomas |last2=Kehimkar |first2=Isaac David |last3=Punetha |first3=Jagdish Chandra |title=Common Butterflies of India |series=Nature Guides |publisher= World Wide Fund for Nature-India by Oxford University Press |location=Bombay, India |year=1992 |isbn=978-0195631647 }}
- {{cite book |last=Kunte |first=Krushnamegh |title=Butterflies of Peninsular India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cuPPjOMcu_4C |series=India, A Lifescape |location=Hyderabad, India |publisher=Universities Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-8173713545 }}
- {{cite book|last=Wynter-Blyth |first=Mark Alexander |authorlink=Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth |title=Butterflies of the Indian Region |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yEkgAQAAMAAJ |year=1957 |location=Bombay, India |publisher=Bombay Natural History Society |isbn=978-8170192329 }}
External links
- [https://archive.today/20130701003239/http://globis.insects-online.de/species&s=7806 Global Butterfly Information System] Images of C. h. novasinensis Reissinger, 1989 holotype
{{Taxonbar|from=Q837768}}
Category:Butterflies of Europe