Constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia

Constitutional drafting began in June 1975. It was ratified on October 1, 1978, and took effect on May 10, 1979; May 10 is celebrated as Constitution Day. The constitution has been amended once, in 1990.{{cite book | url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/micronesia-federated-states-of/ | title=The World Factbook 2013-14 | publisher=Central Intelligence Agency | year=2014 | location=Washington, D.C. | section=Micronesia, Federated States of | access-date=25 July 2014}}

The constitution is based on that of the United States, Micronesia's former trustee. It provides for a separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, as well as a federal system.

However, unlike the United States, Micronesia has a unicameral legislature, called the National Congress, with fourteen senators. Four of them represent the four states for four-year terms, and the other ten representatives apportioned by population and serve two-year terms. Also, the National Congress is responsible for electing the President and Vice President.{{cite web | url=http://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/fsm/fsm_brief.html | title=Federated States of Micronesia country brief | publisher=Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade | date=March 2014 | access-date=25 July 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727175430/http://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/fsm/fsm_brief.html | archive-date=27 July 2014 | url-status=dead }} Most government functions other than foreign policy and national defense are carried out by the State governments. The constitution prohibits non-citizens from owning land in FSM.{{cite web|title=Chapter 7: The Federated States of Micronesia|url=http://www.doi.gov/oia/reports/Chapter-7-The-Federated-States-of-Micronesia.cfm|website=Office of Insular Affairs|publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior|access-date=30 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202204724/http://www.doi.gov/oia/reports/Chapter-7-The-Federated-States-of-Micronesia.cfm|archive-date=2 December 2014|url-status=dead}}

The constitution consists of a preamble, and sixteen articles.

Article I defines the territory of the Federated States of Micronesia.

Article II ensures the constitution's supremacy over other laws.

Article III is the nationality law of the Federated States of Micronesia.

Articles IV, V, and VI act as the bill of rights for the Federated States of Micronesia, with Article V specifically protecting traditional rights of tribal leaders, and Article VI granting suffrage to those over eighteen years of age.

Articles VII-XI set out of the government of the Federated States of Micronesia, with a separation of powers among three branches—the executive (Article X), legislative (Article IX), and judicial (article XI). Article VII creates a federal system with a national government, as well as state and local ones. Article VIII separates powers among these three levels.

Article XII concerns government finance.

Article XIII consists of general provisions.

Article XIV sets out the process of amending the constitution.

Articles XV and XVI are transitional provisions.

{{Wikisource|Constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia}}

{{reflist|30em}}

• {{cite web |title=FSM Constitution |url=https://www.fsmlaw.org/fsm/constitution/ |website=www.fsmlaw.org}}

{{Oceania in topic|Constitution of}}

Micronesia

Category:Law of the Federated States of Micronesia

Category:Government of the Federated States of Micronesia

Category:1979 documents