Cook Islands Federation
{{Short description|British colony (1891–1901)}}
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{{Infobox country
|native_name =
|conventional_long_name = Cook Islands Federation
|common_name = Cook Islands
|era = New Imperialism
|status = Colony
|empire = United Kingdom
|year_start = 1891
|year_end = 1901
| p1=Kingdom of Rarotonga | flag_p1=Flag of Rarotonga 1888-1893.svg
| s1=Cook Islands | flag_s1=Flag of New Zealand.svg
|image_flag = Flag of the Cook Islands Federation.svg
|image_coat = Emblem of the Cook Islands Federation.svg
|national_anthem = God Save the Queen {{center|File:Rufst du, mein Vaterland (1938).oga}}
|symbol = Coat of arms of the Cook Islands
|symbol_type = Emblem
|image_map = Map of Cook Islands Federation 4.png
|capital = Avarua (presumed)
|title_leader =
|leader1 =
|year_leader1 =
}}
The Cook Islands Federation was created in 1891,{{cite news |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH18910606.2.27 |title=ISLAND FEDERATION. |work=New Zealand Herald |page=5 |date=6 June 1891 |access-date=8 August 2023 |via=Papers Past}} after the Kingdom of Rarotonga was given the island of Aitutaki. It lasted until 1901, when it was given to New Zealand.{{cite book|title=New Zealand law journal|publisher=Butterworths|location=Wellington, New Zealand|page=358|edition=53rd|oclc= 1760288}}
Geography
Law
The laws of the Cook Islands Federation were made by the local parliament, however, they had to receive approval from a Resident from Britain.{{cite news |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH18910622.2.33 |title=RARATONGAN PARLIAMENT. |work=New Zealand Herald |page=5 |date=22 June 1891 |access-date=8 August 2023 |via=Papers Past}} In 1894, the Parliament pronounced a declaration on land, detailing Māori custom on land tenure, and stating that those customs could only be changed by each island's respective council.{{cite news |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZMAIL18940907.2.101 |title=PRIMITIVE LAND TENURE. |work=New Zealand Mail |issue=1175 |page=33 |date=7 September 1894 |access-date=8 August 2023 |via=Papers Past}}
In 1899, the Parliament of Cook Islands ruled that the high court of the Cook Islands Federation could not give any punishment worse than those outlined by the Criminal Code Act of 1893, and The Summary Jurisdiction Act of 1894, which were both laws of New Zealand, and that both acts of New Zealand were to be adopted entirely.
=Penal colonies=
In 1892, the island of Takutea was set up as a penal colony, but in 1899 its use ceased, and the island of Manuae was used instead.{{cite book|title=A Compilation of Acts and Instruments Relating to the Government of the Cook and Other Islands, Together with an Appendix Containing the Former Laws of Rarotonga and Niue|date=September 2015 |publisher=Palala Press|isbn=9781341057465|page=98}}
See also
Sources
{{reflist}}
{{British overseas territories}}
{{coord|21|12|S|159|46|W|type:city|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:States and territories established in 1893
Category:States and territories disestablished in 1901
Category:1893 establishments in the British Empire
Category:Former British colonies and protectorates in Oceania
Category:Former colonies in Oceania
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