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Coronoid process of the mandible

{{short description|Area of the mandible (jawbone)}}

{{jargon|date=December 2019}}{{Not to be confused with|Coronoid process of the ulna}}{{Infobox bone

| Name = Coronoid process of the mandible

| Latin = processus coronoideus mandibulae

| Image = Coronoid process of mandible - lateral view.png

| Caption = Position of coronoid process in skull (shown in red)

| Image2 = Coronoid process of mandible - close up - superior view.png

| Caption2 = Position of coronoid process in mandible (shown in red)

|PartOf=Mandible|System=Skeletal}}

In human anatomy, the mandible's coronoid process ({{ety|el|korōnē|hooked}}) is a thin, triangular eminence, which is flattened from side to side and varies in shape and size. Its anterior border is convex and is continuous below with the anterior border of the ramus. Its posterior border is concave and forms the anterior boundary of the mandibular notch. The lateral surface is smooth, and affords insertion to the temporalis and masseter muscles. Its medial surface gives insertion to the temporalis, and presents a ridge which begins near the apex of the process and runs downward and forward to the inner side of the last molar tooth.

Between this ridge and the anterior border is a grooved triangular area, the upper part of which gives attachment to the temporalis, the lower part to some fibers of the buccinator.

Clinical significance

Fractures of the mandible are common. However, coronoid process fractures are very rare.{{Cite journal|last1=Shen|first1=L.|last2=Li|first2=J.|last3=Li|first3=P.|last4=Long|first4=J.|last5=Tian|first5=W.|last6=Tang|first6=W.|date=June 2013|title=Mandibular coronoid fractures: treatment options|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23602277/|journal=International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery|volume=42|issue=6|pages=721–726|doi=10.1016/j.ijom.2013.03.009|issn=1399-0020|pmid=23602277}} Isolated fractures of the coronoid process caused by direct trauma are rare, as it is anatomically protected by the complex zygomatic arch/ temporo-zygomatic bone and their associated muscles. Most fractures here are caused by strokes (contusion or penetrating injuries).{{cite journal|author=Pricop|first=Marius|last2=Urechescu|first2=Horațiu|last3=Sîrbu|first3=Adrian|date=March 2012|title=Fracture of the mandibular coronoid process — case report and review of the literature|url=http://www.revistaomf.ro/(58)|journal=Revista de chirurgie oro-maxilo-facială și implantologie{{!}}Rev. Chir. Oro-maxilo-fac. Implantol.|language=ro|volume=3|issue=1|pages=1–4|issn=2069-3850|id=58|access-date=2012-08-19}} Conservative management of minor fractures can lead to trismus (lockjaw) that can later only be corrected by removing the coronoid process. For serious fractures, a surgery involving open reduction and internal fixation can have good outcomes.

Additional images

File:Coronoid process of Mandible.gif|Position of coronoid process in skull (shown in red)

File:Coronoid process of Mandible - close-up - animation.gif| Position of coronoid process in mandible (shown in red)

File:Processuscoronoideusmandibulae.PNG|Mandible outer surface (side view; coronoid process labeled at top center)

File:Processuscoronoideusmandibulae2.png|Medial surface

File:Gray382.png| The temporalis, with the zygomatic arch and masseter removed

File:Slide8oooo.JPG|Coronoid process of mandible

File:Slide2cec.JPG|Deep dissection of the mandibular nerve and bone (anterior view)

File:Slide7cece.JPG|Deep dissection of the infratemporal fossa, showing the lingual and inferior alveolar nerve (anterolateral view)

See also

References

{{Gray's}}

External links

{{Commons category|Coronoid process of the mandible}}

  • {{NormanAnatomy|lesson1}}
  • {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|22|os|10|06}} - "Osteology of the Skull: Mandible of Intact Skull"
  • {{cite web|url=http://www.tk.de/rochelexikon/pics/s34256.000-2.html|title=Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-2|work=Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator|publisher=Elsevier|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611100749/http://www.tk.de/rochelexikon/pics/s34256.000-2.html|archive-date=2013-06-11|url-status=dead}}

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Category:Bones of the head and neck

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