Craugastor raniformis
{{Short description|Species of amphibian}}
{{Redirect|Robber frog}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Craugastor raniformis.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| taxon = Craugastor raniformis
| authority = (Boulenger, 1896)
| synonyms = Hylodes raniformis Boulenger, 1896
Eleutherodactylus raniformis (Boulenger, 1896)
}}
Craugastor raniformis (common name: robber frog) is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in Colombia and Panama.{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Craugastoridae/Craugastorinae/Craugastor/Craugastor-raniformis |title=Craugastor raniformis (Boulenger, 1896) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2014 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |accessdate=22 April 2014}}
It is a reasonably common species found in humid lowland and montane forests up to {{convert|1500|m|abbr=on}} asl. It is also common in wet pastureland. Furthermore, it is one of the dominant frogs in abandoned mixed farming areas in the coastal Pacific rainforests in Colombia.{{cite journal |author=Cortés-Gómez, Angela M. |author2=Fernando Castro-Herrera |author3=J. Nicolás Urbina-Cardona |name-list-style=amp |year=2013 |title=Small changes in vegetation structure create great changes in amphibian ensembles in the Colombian Pacific rainforest |journal=Tropical Conservation Science |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=749–769 |doi=10.1177/194008291300600604 |s2cid=88968381 |url=http://tropicalconservationscience.mongabay.com/content/v6/TCS-2013-Vol6(6)_749-769_Cortes-et-al.pdf|doi-access=free }} This adaptable species is not considered threatened.
Description
Craugastor raniformis is a relatively large frog with a rather pointed snout.{{cite web |url=http://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/amphibians/en/species/69/ |title=Craugastor raniformis Boulenger 1896 |work=Amphibians of Panama |publisher=Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute |accessdate=22 April 2014}} Adult females are much larger (snout–vent length {{convert|52|-|74|mm|abbr=on}}) than males ({{convert|27|-|43|mm|abbr=on}}).
Habitat
This frog has been observed between 0 and 1500 meters above sea level in montane and lowland forests with high humidity. People have also seen it in pastureland. However, people do not often see it in primary forest.
The frog's range includes at least one protected park, including the Ranita Dorada Amphibian Reserve,{{cite web|url=https://proaves.org/en/ranita-dorada-amphibian-reserve/|accessdate=July 27, 2024|title=Ranita Dorada Amphibian Reserve|date=July 15, 2010|publisher=ProAves}} Parque Nacional Darién, and Area de Manejo Especial Nusagandi.
Diet
The robber frog's diet consists primarily of crickets, millipedes, spiders and ants.{{Cite journal |last1=Blanco-Torres |first1=Argelina |last2=Duré |first2=Marta |last3=Bonilla |first3=María Argenis |date=2015-08-16 |title=Dieta de Craugastor raniformis Boulenger (Anura: Craugastoridae) en un area con bosque seco tropical del norte de Colombia |url=https://azm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/azm/article/view/994 |journal=Acta Zoológica Mexicana |series=New Series |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=331–332 |doi=10.21829/azm.2015.312994 |issn=2448-8445|hdl=11336/25665 |hdl-access=free }}
Behaviour and reproduction
During the day individuals are found on the forest floor concealed in leaf litter. At night they may climb to vegetation to heights of 2.5 m above ground or more. Males and juveniles climb more than the larger females. The call of males has been described as a "ha ha ha ha".{{Cite journal| last1 = Lynch| first1 = John D.| last2 = Myers| first2 = Charles W.| year = 1983| title = Frogs of the fitzingeri group of Eleutherodactylus in eastern Panama and Chocoan South America (Leptodactylidae)| journal = Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History| volume = 175| pages = 481–568| hdl = 2246/980| url = http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/980}}
Female C. raniformis have been observed to guard their eggs. Along with other species in the genus Craugastor, C. raniformis lays terrestrial eggs that hatch directly into small froglets. Guarding probably protects eggs against predators and fungi.{{cite journal |author=Valencia-Zuleta, Alejandro |author2=Andres Felipe Jaramillo |author3=Fernando Castro-Herrera |year=2013 |title=Craugastor raniformis (Robber Frog). Parental Behavior |journal=Herpetological Review |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=654–655}}
References
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3002329}}
Category:Amphibians of Colombia