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Crimson-backed tanager

{{Short description|Species of bird}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Crimson-backed tanager

| image = Crimson-backed Tanager - Panama H8O8413 (22954596730).jpg

| image_caption = Male R. d. isthmicus, Panama

| image2 = Crimson-backed tanager (Ramphocelus dimidiatus molochinus) female Cundinamarca.jpg

| image2_caption = female R. d. molochinus, Colombia

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=Ramphocelus dimidiatus |volume=2018 |page=e.T22722500A132154364 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22722500A132154364.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}

| genus = Ramphocelus

| species = dimidiatus

| authority = Lafresnaye, 1837

| synonyms =

| range_map = Ramphocelus dimidiatus map.svg

}}

The crimson-backed tanager (Ramphocelus dimidiatus) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is found in Colombia, Panama, and Venezuela, and introduced to French Polynesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest. A nickname in Panama is sangre de toro ("Blood of the bull").

The crimson-backed tanager was first described by French naturalist Frédéric de Lafresnaye in 1837. It is one of nine species of brightly coloured tanagers of the genus Ramphocelus. Mitochondrial DNA evidence indicates its closest relative is the masked crimson tanager (R. nigrogularis), and the two split around 800,000 years ago.

Image: Crimson-backed_Tanager.tif

Measuring around {{convert|18|cm|in|abbr = on}} in length, the adult male has a silver sheen on its lower mandible. Its whole head and chest are a maroon red, brightening to a bright red on its lower back and abdomen. Its wings and tail are black. The female is duller with blackish underparts.

It is found in northern and western Colombia (south to Chocó where it is uncommon), the Maracaibo Basin in Venezuela, and over most of Panama, where it extends to Chiriquí and Veraguas Provinces in the west of the country, as well as Coiba, where it is abundant, and Pearl Islands. It inhabits forest, scrub and gardens.

A nest with a clutch of two blue eggs with fine dark dots has been recorded.

A field study on blood parasites found that two individual crimson-backed tanagers (out of twelve tested) bore Plasmodium, with the study concluding the overall rate was low compared with studies done elsewhere.

References

{{Reflist|refs=

{{cite web |url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=9306&m=1 |title=BirdLife Species Factsheet (additional data): Crimson-backed Tanager |publisher=BirdLife International |access-date=25 July 2009}}

{{cite journal |last1=Burns |first1=Kevin J. |last2=Racicot |first2=Rachel A. |year=2009 |title=Molecular phylogenetics of a clade of lowland tanagers: implications for avian participation in the great American interchange |journal=The Auk |volume=126 |issue=3 |pages=635–648 |url=http://www.bio.sdsu.edu/pub/burns/Burns%26Racicot2009.pdf |doi=10.1525/auk.2009.08195 |s2cid=32907534 |access-date=2011-05-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929075823/http://www.bio.sdsu.edu/pub/burns/Burns%26Racicot2009.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-29 |url-status=dead }}

{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gC_A2fpBl1gC&q=%22Masked+Crimson+Tanager%22&pg=PA614 |title=Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America: The Passerines |page=614 |first1=Robert S. |last1=Ridgely |first2=Guy |last2=Tudor |year=2009 |publisher=University of Texas Press |isbn=978-0-292-71979-8}}

{{cite book |first1=Steven L. |last1=Hilty |first2=Bill |last2=Brown |title=A guide to the birds of Colombia |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1986 |page=624 |isbn=0-691-08372-X |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kHa6tJNKGDAC&q=%22Crimson-backed+Tanager%22&pg=PA624 |access-date=1 June 2011}}

{{cite book |first1=Robert S. |last1=Ridgely |first2=John A. |last2=Gwynne |title=A Guide to the Birds of Panama: With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1992 |page=403 |isbn=0-691-02512-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H9INVOMUgOAC&q=%22Crimson-backed+Tanager%22&pg=PA403}}

{{cite journal |last1=Londoño |first1=Aurora |last2=Pulgarin-R. |first2=Paulo C. |last3=Blair |first3=Silvia |year=2007 |title=Blood Parasites in Birds From the Lowlands of Northern Colombia |journal=Caribbean Journal of Science |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=87–93 |doi=10.18475/cjos.v43i1.a8 |s2cid=87907947 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228511165 |format=PDF}}

}}

Further reading

{{refbegin}}

  • {{ cite book | last=Skutch | first=Alexander F. | author-link=Alexander Skutch | date=1954 | chapter=Crimson-backed tanager | title=Life Histories of Central American Birds | series=Pacific Coast Avifauna, Number 31 | location=Berkeley, California | publisher=Cooper Ornithological Society | chapter-url=https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/pca/pca_031.pdf#page=166 | pages=166–175 | ref=none }}

{{refend}}

External links

{{Commons category|Ramphocelus dimidiatus}}

{{Wikispecies|Ramphocelus dimidiatus}}

  • {{BirdLife|22722500|Ramphocelus dimidiatus}}
  • {{InternetBirdCollection|crimson-backed-tanager-ramphocelus-dimidiatus|Crimson-backed tanager}}
  • {{VIREO|crimson-backed+tanager}}
  • {{NeotropicalBirds|crbtan1|Crimson-backed tanager}}
  • {{IUCN_Map|22722500/167762422|Ramphocelus dimidiatus}}
  • {{Xeno-canto species|Ramphocelus|dimidiatus|Crimson-backed tanager}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q684954}}

crimson-backed tanager

Category:Birds of Panama

Category:Birds of Colombia

Category:Birds of Venezuela

crimson-backed tanager

Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot