Culebra Formation

{{Infobox rockunit

| name = Culebra Formation

| image =

| caption =

| type = Formation

| period = Burdigalian

| age = Aquitanian-Burdigalian (Late Arikareean-Hemingfordian)
{{fossil range|23|19}}

| prilithology = Sandstone, limestone, mudstone, shale

| otherlithology = Siltstone, conglomerate, lignite

| namedfor = Culebra Cut

| namedby =

| region = Colón Province

| country = Panama

| coordinates = {{coord|9.1|N|79.7|W|display=inline,title}}

| paleocoordinates = {{coord|8.4|N|77.5|W|display=inline}}

| unitof =

| subunits = Emperador Limestone

| underlies = Cucaracha Formation

| overlies = Las Cascadas Formation

| thickness = > {{convert|250|m|ft|abbr=on}}

| extent = Panama Basin

| area =

| map = {{Location map+ | Panama

| relief = 1

| width = 250

| float = center

| places =

{{Location map~ | Panama

| lat_deg = 9.1

| lon_deg = -79.7

| mark = Yellow pog.svg

| marksize = 12

}}

| map_caption =

}}

The Culebra Formation (Tcb)Geologic Map, 1980 is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene period; Early Miocene epoch, Aquitanian to Burdigalian stages (Late Arikareean to Hemingfordian in the NALMA classification).[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Culebra&group_formation_member=Culebra Culebra Formation] at Fossilworks.org Fossils of Culebrasuchus have been found in and named after the formation.[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=265588 Culebrasuchus] at Fossilworks.org The thickness of the formation is at least {{convert|250|m|ft}} thick,Kirby et al., 2008, p.7 and the age has been estimated as from 23 to 19 Ma.Kirby et al., 2008, p.11

Fossil content

Culebrasuchus mesoamericanusHastings et al., 2013
Culebratherium alemaniVélez Juarbe & Wood, 2019
DentimidesLandau et al., 2016
Panamacebus transitusSilvestro, 2017, p.14[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=339831 Panamacebus] at Fossilworks.org
Paratoceras orariusRincón et al., 2015
Purussaurus
Podocnemididae indet.Cadena et al., 2012, p.549

References

= Bibliography =

{{citation |last1=Cadena |first1=E. |last2=Bourque |first2=J.R. |last3=Rincón |first3=A.F. |last4=Bloch |first4=J.I. |author5-link=Carlos Jaramillo (geologist) |last5=Jaramillo |first5=C.A. |last6=MacFadden |first6=B.J. |year=2012 |title=New turtles (Chelonia) from the late Eocene through Late Miocene of the Panama Canal Basin |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233777124 |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=86 |issue=3 |pages=539–557 |doi=10.1666/11-106.1 |bibcode=2012JPal...86..539C |accessdate=2019-02-09 |author1-link=Edwin Cadena }}
{{Cite journal|author1=Alexander K. Hastings |author2=Jonathan I. Bloch |author3=Carlos A. Jaramillo |author4=Aldo F. Rincon |author5=Bruce J. Macfadden |year=2013 |title=Systematics and biogeography of crocodylians from the Miocene of Panama |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=239–263 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2012.713814 |bibcode=2013JVPal..33..239H |s2cid=83972694 |doi-access=free }}
{{citation |last1=Kirby |first1=Michael Xavier |last2=Jones |first2=Douglas S. |last3=MacFadden |first3=Bruce J. |year=2008 |title=Lower Miocene Stratigraphy along the Panama Canal and Its Bearing on the Central American Peninsula |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=3 |issue=7 |pages=1–14 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0002791 |doi-access=free |pmid=18665219 |pmc=2464738 |bibcode=2008PLoSO...3.2791K }}
{{Cite journal |author1=Bernard Manuel Landau |author2=Carlos Marques da Silva |author3=Antoine Heitz |year=2016 |title=Systematics of the gastropods of the lower-middle Miocene Cantaure Formation, Paraguaná Peninsula, Venezuela |journal=Bulletins of American Paleontology |volume=389–390 |pages=1–581 |url=https://www.priweb.org/downloads/pubs/item_pdf_5807.pdf |access-date=2019-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619034402/http://www.priweb.org/downloads/pubs/item_pdf_5807.pdf |archive-date=2018-06-19 |url-status=dead }}
{{cite journal |author=Aldo F. Rincon |author2=Jonathan I. Bloch |author3=Bruce J. Macfadden |author4=Carlos A. Jaramillo |name-list-style=amp |year=2015 |title=New early Miocene protoceratids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from Panama |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=35 |issue=5 |pages=e970688 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2015.970688 |bibcode=2015JVPal..35E0688R |s2cid=12659384 }}
{{citation |last1=Silvestro |first1=Daniele |last2=Tejedor |first2=Marcelo F. |last3=Serrano Serrano |first3=Martha L. |last4=Loiseau |first4=Oriane |last5=Rossier |first5=Victor |last6=Rolland |first6=Jonathan |last7=Zizka |first7=Alexander |last8=Antonelli |first8=Alexandre |last9=Salamin |first9=Nicolas |year=2017 |title=Evolutionary history of New World monkeys revealed by molecular and fossil data |url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2017/08/18/178111.full.pdf |journal=BioRxiv |volume= |pages=1–32 |accessdate=2017-09-24}}
{{citation |last1=Stewart |first1=R.H. |last2=Stewart |first2=J.L. |last3=Woodring |first3=W.P. |year=1980 |title=Geologic Map of the Panama Canal and Vicinity |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0306f/plate-1.pdf |publisher=USGS |pages=1 |accessdate=2019-02-09}}
{{citation |last1=Vélez Juarbe |first1=Jorge |last2=Wood |first2=Aaron R. |year=2019 |title=An early Miocene dugongine (Sirenia: Dugongidae) from Panama |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.2018.1511799?journalCode=ujvp20 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=e1511799 |issue=5 |pages=Online edition |doi=10.1080/02724634.2018.1511799 |accessdate=2019-02-22|url-access=subscription }}
{{citation |last=Woodring |first=W.P |year=1957 |title=Geology and Paleontology of Canal Zone and Adjoining Parts of Panama - 306A Geology and description of Tertiary mollusks (Gastropods: Trochidae to Turritellidae) |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0306a/report.pdf |publisher=USGS |pages=1–186 |accessdate=2019-02-09}}

Culebra Formation

Fossil content

See also

References

= Bibliography =

Further reading