Login
Login

Cutlassfish

{{Short description|Common name for several species of fish}}

{{Redirect|Hairtails|the butterflies with this name|Anthene{{!}}Anthene}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Early Eocene|present|earliest=63|Early Eocene to present}} Potential Paleocene occurrence

| image = Trichiurus lepturus.jpg

| image_caption = Trichiurus lepturus

| taxon = Trichiuridae

| authority = Rafinesque, 1810

| subdivision_ranks = Genera

| subdivision = *Aphanopus

See text for species.

}}

{{multiple image

| align = right

| caption_align = center

| direction = vertical

| width = 254

| image1 = Drawing_of_Lepidopus_caudatus_from_The_Royal_Natural_History_(1896).jpg

| alt1 =

| caption1 = Silver scabbardfish, Lepidopus caudatus

| image2 = Benthodesmus simonyi.jpg

| alt2 =

| caption2 = Benthodesmus simonyi

| image3 = Aphanopus carbo.jpg

| alt3 =

| caption3 = Aphanopus carbo

}}

The cutlassfishes are about 45 species of predatory ray-finned fish in the family Trichiuridae of the order Scombriformes found in seas throughout the world. Fish of this family are long, slender, and generally steely blue or silver in colour, giving rise to their name. They have reduced or absent pelvic and caudal fins, giving them an eel-like appearance, and large fang-like teeth.{{cite book |editor=Paxton, J.R. |editor2=Eschmeyer, W.N.|author1=Johnson, G.D. |author2=Gill, A.C.|year=1998|title=Encyclopedia of Fishes|publisher=Academic Press|location=San Diego|page=190|isbn= 0-12-547665-5}}

Some of the species are known as scabbardfishes or hairtails; others are called frostfishes because they appear in late autumn and early winter, around the time of the first frosts.

The earliest known remains of cutlassfish are isolated teeth assigned to Eutrichiurides from the Early Paleocene of Morocco, the United States, and Angola,{{Cite journal |last1=Cvancara |first1=Alan M. |last2=Hoganson |first2=John W. |date=1993-03-18 |title=Vertebrates of the Cannonball Formation (Paleocene) in North and South Dakota |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.1993.10011484 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=1–23 |doi=10.1080/02724634.1993.10011484 |issn=0272-4634|url-access=subscription }} although their affinities are subject to question. The earliest known body fossil of a cutlassfish is a specimen tentatively assigned to Anenchelum from the Early Eocene of Italy.{{Cite journal |last1=Beckett |first1=Hermione T. |last2=Giles |first2=Sam |last3=Johanson |first3=Zerina |last4=Friedman |first4=Matt |date=2018 |title=Morphology and phylogenetic relationships of fossil snake mackerels and cutlassfishes (Trichiuroidea) from the Eocene (Ypresian) London Clay Formation |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/spp2.1221 |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |language=en |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=577–603 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1221 |issn=2056-2802|hdl=2027.42/146609 |hdl-access=free |url-access=subscription }}

Classification

This list of species follows FishBase:{{FishBase family|family = Trichiuridae|month = January|year = 2006}}

Timeline of genera

ImageSize = width:1000px height:auto barincrement:15px

PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px

Period = from:-65.5 till:10

TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:-65.5

ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-65.5

TimeAxis = orientation:hor

AlignBars = justify

Colors =

#legends

id:CAR value:claret

id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196)

id:HER value:teal

id:HAD value:green

id:OMN value:blue

id:black value:black

id:white value:white

id:cenozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258)

id:paleogene value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32)

id:paleocene value:rgb(0.99,0.65,0.37)

id:eocene value:rgb(0.99,0.71,0.42)

id:oligocene value:rgb(0.99,0.75,0.48)

id:neogene value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1)

id:miocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.999999,0)

id:pliocene value:rgb(0.97,0.98,0.68)

id:quaternary value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.5)

id:pleistocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.95,0.68)

id:holocene value:rgb(0.999,0.95,0.88)

BarData=

bar:eratop

bar:space

bar:periodtop

bar:space

bar:NAM1

bar:NAM2

bar:space

bar:period

bar:space

bar:era

PlotData=

align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25

shift:(7,-4)

bar:periodtop

from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene

from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene

from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene

from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene

from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:Plio.

from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist.

from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:H.

bar:eratop

from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene

from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene

from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:Q.

PlotData=

align:left fontsize:M mark:(line,white) width:5 anchor:till align:left

color:paleocene bar:NAM1 from: -65.5 till: -28.4 text: Eutrichiurides

color:eocene bar:NAM2 from: -48.6 till: 0 text: Lepidopus

PlotData=

align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25

bar:period

from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene

from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene

from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene

from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene

from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:Plio.

from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist.

from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:H.

bar:era

from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene

from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene

from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:Q.

References

{{Reflist}}

  • {{cite journal|last=Sepkoski |first=Jack |title=A compendium of fossil marine animal genera |journal=Bulletins of American Paleontology |volume=364 |page=560 |year=2002 |url=http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class |access-date=2011-05-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723131237/http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class |archive-date=2011-07-23 }}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20040113103118/http://f15.aaacafe.ne.jp/~ichthy/eat/saba2tati.html Listing of Trichiuridae in English and Japanese 2003-10-27]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q480817}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque

Category:Long stubs with short prose

{{Scombroidei-stub}}