Cyclone Cody
{{Short description|Category 3 tropical cyclone in 2022}}
{{Infobox weather event
| name = Severe Tropical Cyclone Cody
| image = Cody 2022-01-12 0216Z.jpg
| caption = Severe Tropical Cyclone Cody on 12 January 2022.
| formed = 5 January 2022
| dissipated = 19 January 2022
| extratropical = 14 January 2022
}}
{{Infobox weather event/FMS
| winds = 70
| gusts = 100
| pressure = 971
}}
{{Infobox weather event/JTWC
| winds = 50
| pressure = 982
| basin = Spac
}}
{{Infobox weather event/Effects
| year = 2022
| fatalities = 1 total
| damages = 12900000
| areas = Fiji
}}
{{Infobox weather event/Footer
| season = 2021–22 South Pacific cyclone season}}
Severe Tropical Cyclone Cody was a strong tropical cyclone in the South Pacific which caused widespread damage in Fiji. The second tropical cyclone and first severe tropical cyclone of the 2021–22 South Pacific cyclone season, Cody was first noted by the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS) on 5 January as Tropical Disturbance 03F. The tropical depression killed one person, and over 4,500 people were evacuated. On 10 January, the system was upgraded to a Category 1 tropical cyclone by the FMS, receiving the name Cody. While the FMS recorded a peak intensity of {{convert|130|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) only recorded a peak intensity of {{convert|95|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. Cody was the first tropical cyclone in 2022.
Meteorological history
{{storm path|Cody 2022 track.png}}
File:Tonga Volcano Eruption 2022-01-15 0450Z.jpg
The origins of Cyclone Cody can be traced back to an area of low pressure near the Fijian dependency of Rotuma late on 3 January.{{cite report|title=Fiji Climate Summary: January 2022 Volume 43 Issue 1|url=https://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Climate_Products/January%202022climateSum2022.02.08%2000.45.42.pdf|date=7 February 2022|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|access-date=7 January 2024|archive-date=26 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326142221/https://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Climate_Products/January%202022climateSum2022.02.08%2000.45.42.pdf|url-status=live}} Two days later, on 5 January, the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS) began tracking the system, now located about {{convert|640|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the north of Nadi, Fiji, and designated it as Tropical Disturbance 03F. At the time, it was embedded within a trough, with cloud bands associated to the South Pacific convergence zone wrapping into the system, while under an environment of moderate to strong divergence, low to moderate wind shear, and good outflow.{{Cite report|date=5 January 2022|title=Tropical Disturbance Summary for area Equator to 25S, 160E to 120W issued from RSMC Nadi Jan 050954 UTC|url=https://www.met.gov.fj/index.php?page=warn1#20036.txt|url-status=dead|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|access-date=5 January 2022|archive-date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://archive.today/20220105124536/https://www.met.gov.fj/index.php?page=warn1%2320036.txt}} Later that day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began monitoring the disturbance, although increasing shear slowed its development.{{cite JTWC|date=5 January 2022|type=abpw|time=2030Z|reissued=1|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/text/2022-01-05-2030-abpwweb.txt|access-date=16 January 2022}} Over the next few days, it tracked southwest under {{convert|29-30|C}} sea surface temperatures, with flaring deep convection wrapping to its centre.{{cite JTWC|date=6 January 2022|type=abpw|time=0600Z|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/text/2022-01-06-0620-abpwweb.txt|access-date=7 January 2024}}{{cite JTWC|date=7 January 2022|type=abpw|time=0600Z|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/text/2022-01-07-0610-abpwweb.txt|access-date=7 January 2024}} At 00:00 UTC on 8 January, the FMS upgraded 03F to a tropical depression, as cooling cloud tops wrapped over its centre from the northern side.{{cite report|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A1 issued from RSMC Nadi Jan 080210 UTC|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=8 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|archive-date=9 January 2022|access-date=7 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/08/text/Severe/Severe_08.txt Alt URL] At the same time, the JTWC upgraded 03F to a tropical storm;{{cite web|url={{JTWC BT URL|year=2022|id1=2022s-bsh|id2=bsh2022}}|title=JTWC 2022 best track analysis: Tropical Cyclone 05P: Cody|publisher=United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=19 August 2023|access-date=8 January 2024|format=DAT}} operationally, they issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) 14 hours later, due to gale-force winds developing over the eastern side of the system,{{cite JTWC|date=8 January 2022|type=tcfa|designation=99P|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/text/2022-01-08-1420-sh9922web.txt|access-date=7 January 2024}} before issuing advisories on the storm at 21:00 UTC the same day.{{cite JTWC|date=8 January 2022|type=warn|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Five|no=1|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/text/2022-01-08-2040-sh0522web.txt|access-date=8 January 2024}} Turning eastward within a competing steering pattern between the near-equatorial ridge to its northeast and the subtropical ridge to its south, it briefly weakened to a tropical depression by 9 January, as dry air hindered the development of its centre,{{cite JTWC|date=9 January 2022|type=prog|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Five|no=2|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/prog/2022-01-09-0220-sh0522prog.txt|access-date=8 January 2024}}{{cite JTWC|date=9 January 2022|type=prog|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Five|no=3|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/prog/2022-01-09-0800-sh0522prog.txt|access-date=8 January 2024}} before the JTWC reupgraded it to a tropical storm at 06:00 UTC. During the day, 03F passed within {{convert|180|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the southwest of Nadi.{{cite report|title=Special Weather Bulletin for Fiji Number 09 issued at 10:45 pm on Sunday the 9th of January 2022|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwfj40.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwfj40.nffn..txt|archive-date=10 January 2022|access-date=8 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/09/text/Severe/Severe_09.txt Alt URL]
At 18:00 UTC that same day, as it turned to the southwest along the periphery of the subtropical ridge to its south, the FMS reported that 03F intensified to a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian tropical cyclone scale, and named it as Cody.{{cite report|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A8 issued from RSMC Nadi Jan 092030 UTC|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|archive-date=10 January 2022|access-date=8 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/09/text/Severe/Severe_09.txt Alt URL] Cody's centre remained exposed throughout 10 January, as dry air intruded the system's core.{{cite JTWC|date=10 January 2022|type=prog|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Cody|no=7|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/prog/2022-01-10-0800-sh0522prog.txt|access-date=12 January 2024}} By the next day, convection began to reform over its centre, signaling the system's reintensification.{{cite JTWC|date=11 January 2022|type=prog|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Cody|no=10|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/prog/2022-01-11-0240-sh0522prog.txt|access-date=12 January 2024}} At 06:00 UTC, Cody intensified into a category 2 tropical cyclone, as ragged convection began to wrap around its centre.{{cite report|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A14 issued from RSMC Nadi Jan 110750 UTC|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=11 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|archive-date=12 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/11/text/Severe/Severe_11.txt Alt URL]{{cite JTWC|date=11 January 2022|type=prog|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Cody|no=11|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/prog/2022-01-11-0910-sh0522prog.txt|access-date=12 January 2024}} By 12 January, at 00:00 UTC, Cody reached its peak intensity, as it became a category 3 severe tropical cyclone with 10-minute sustained winds of {{convert|70|kn|km/h mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.{{cite report|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A16 issued from RSMC Nadi Jan 120153 UTC|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=12 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|archive-date=12 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/12/text/Severe/Severe_12.txt Alt URL] The JTWC estimated the system to have 1-minute sustained winds of {{convert|60|kn|km/h mph|round=5|abbr=on}}, just shy of a hurricane-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir-Simpson scale. At the time of its peak intensity, Cody developed a {{convert|74|km|mi|adj=mid|-wide}} banding eye, as it moved into an environment of lowering sea surface temperatures and increasing shear.{{cite JTWC|date=12 January 2022|type=prog|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Cody|no=14|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/prog/2022-01-12-0310-sh0522prog.txt|access-date=12 January 2024}}
Its peak intensity was short-lived because 12 hours later, Cody weakened to a category 2 tropical cyclone due to a dry air intrusion from the west, along with strong shear as it turned to the southeast.{{cite report|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A18 issued from RSMC Nadi Jan 121355 UTC|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=12 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|archive-date=12 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/12/text/Severe/Severe_12.txt Alt URL]{{cite JTWC|date=12 January 2022|type=prog|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Cody|no=16
|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/prog/2022-01-12-1440-sh0522prog.txt|access-date=12 January 2024}} Cody further weakened to a category 1 tropical cyclone by 18:00 UTC, before the FMS passed the responsibility of issuing warnings to the New Zealand MetService, as it left their area of responsibility by the next day.{{cite report|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A19 issued from RSMC Nadi Jan 121915 UTC|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=12 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtps11.nffn..txt|archive-date=12 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/12/text/Severe/Severe_12.txt Alt URL]{{cite report|title=Gale Warning 049 for Subtropic 130041|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtnz41.nzkl..txt|publisher=New Zealand MetService|date=13 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtnz41.nzkl..txt|archive-date=13 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/13/text/Severe/Severe_13.txt Alt URL] As it left the FMS's area of responsibility, the system's centre became broad and fully exposed, with convection sheared to the southeast.{{cite JTWC|date=13 January 2022|type=prog|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Cody|no=18
|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/prog/2022-01-13-0230-sh0522prog.txt|access-date=12 January 2024}} At 15:00 UTC, the JTWC issued their final advisory on Cody, as it transitioned to a subtropical low.{{cite JTWC|date=13 January 2022|type=warn|category=TC|designation=05P|name=Cody|no=20
|url=https://wiki.chlod.net/jtwc/text/2022-01-13-1250-sh0522web.txt|access-date=12 January 2024}} The MetService then reclassified Cody as a gale-force low 3 hours later.{{cite report|title=Gale Warning 055 for Subtropic 131822|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwnz40.nzkl..txt|publisher=New Zealand MetService|date=13 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwnz40.nzkl..txt|archive-date=13 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/13/text/Severe/Severe_13.txt Alt URL] The remnants of the system continued southeast, passing near New Zealand by 17 January,{{cite report|title=Gale Warning 093 for Subtropic and Forties 170521|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwnz40.nzkl..txt|publisher=New Zealand MetService|date=17 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwnz40.nzkl..txt|archive-date=17 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/17/text/Severe/Severe_17.txt Alt URL] before being last noted late on the same day as a gale-force low to the north of the Chatham Islands.{{cite report|title=Gale Warning 098 for Subtropic and Forties 171826|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwnz40.nzkl..txt|publisher=New Zealand MetService|date=17 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwnz40.nzkl..txt|archive-date=17 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/17/text/Severe/Severe_17.txt Alt URL]
Preparations and impact
=Fiji=
As the precursor system began to form near Fiji, the FMS issued a heavy rain alert for Vanua Levu, Taveuni and nearby islands, and the Lau and Lomaiviti group of islands on 4 January.{{cite report|title=Special Weather Bulletin for Heavy Rain Number Two issued at 03.30pm on Tuesday 4th January 2022|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj01.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=4 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj01.nffn..txt|archive-date=5 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/04/text/Severe/Severe_04.txt Alt URL] By the next day, the alert was expanded to include all of Fiji,{{cite report|title=Special Weather Bulletin for Heavy Rain Number Six issued at 03.30pm on Wednesday 5th January 2022|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj01.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj01.nffn..txt|archive-date=5 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/05/text/Severe/Severe_05.txt Alt URL] before a heavy rain warning was issued to the same initial areas early on 6 January.{{cite report|title=Special Weather Bulletin for Heavy Rain Number Nine issued at 05.30am on Thursday 6th January 2022|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj01.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj01.nffn..txt|archive-date=5 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/05/text/Severe/Severe_05.txt Alt URL] As it became a tropical disturbance on 8 January, the FMS issued a severe flood alert for low-lying areas near major rivers in Viti Levu.{{cite report|title=Special Weather Bulletin for Flood Number One issued at 06.00am Saturday 8th January 2022|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj02.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj02.nffn..txt|archive-date=8 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/08/text/Severe/Severe_08.txt Alt URL] By the afternoon, a flood warning was issued for the towns of Rakiraki, Tavua and Ba,{{cite report|title=Special Weather Bulletin for Flood Number Four issued at 03.00pm Saturday 8th January 2022|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj02.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=8 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wx/wxfj02.nffn..txt|archive-date=8 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/08/text/Severe/Severe_08.txt Alt URL] alongside flash flood warnings in most of Fiji, and tropical cyclone alerts for Yasawa and Mamanuca group of islands, northern and western Viti Levu, Kadavu, and western and northwestern Vanua Levu.{{cite report|title=Special Weather Bulletin for Fiji Number 01 issued at 3:52pm on Saturday the 8th of January 2022|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwfj40.nffn..txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=8 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ww/wwfj40.nffn..txt|archive-date=8 January 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|via=MT Archive}} [https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2022/01/08/text/Severe/Severe_08.txt Alt URL]
One person was killed as a result of the cyclone,{{cite web|author=Lice Monovo|date=9 January 2022|title=Fiji cyclone: Man drowns attempting to cross flooded river|url=https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/world/2022/01/fiji-cyclone-man-drowns-attempting-to-cross-flooded-river.html|access-date=9 January 2022|website=Newshub|publisher=RNZ Pacific|location=Fiji|archive-date=11 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111091800/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/world/2022/01/fiji-cyclone-man-drowns-attempting-to-cross-flooded-river.html|url-status=dead}} with over 4,500 people evacuated in Fiji.{{Cite web|date=12 January 2022|title=Cyclone Cody forces Fiji climate refugees to take shelter at school|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/459467/cyclone-cody-forces-fiji-climate-refugees-to-take-shelter-at-school|url-status=live|access-date=12 January 2022|website=Radio New Zealand|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112174708/https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/459467/cyclone-cody-forces-fiji-climate-refugees-to-take-shelter-at-school |archive-date=2022-01-12 }} Infrastructural damage of Cody amounted at be FJ$27.5 million (US$12.9 million).{{cite news|last=Kotobalavu|first=Josefa|url=https://maitvfiji.com/combined-damage-to-infrastructure-exceeds-27m-with-fra-hard-hit/|title=Combined damage to infrastructure exceeds $27m with FRA hard hit|work=Mai TV|date=20 January 2022|access-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121001608/https://maitvfiji.com/combined-damage-to-infrastructure-exceeds-27m-with-fra-hard-hit/|archive-date=21 January 2022|url-status=live}}
=Elsewhere=
The tsunami that was caused by the eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai on January 15 was amplified in New Zealand as a result of the storm surge created by Cyclone Cody.{{Cite web|title='No warning': Eruption surges sink 12 boats, smash marina|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/northern-advocate/news/northlands-east-coast-battered-by-effects-of-tonga-eruption-and-cyclone-cody/H6ZIYLBAH2EQ63BAO7CYOO5OXE/|access-date=2022-02-03|website=The New Zealand Herald |language=en-NZ}}
Retirement
Due to its onslaught, the name Cody was officially retired from the naming list after the 2021-22 season despite its first usage. It was replaced by Carol.{{RA V Tropical cyclone operational plan}}
See also
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{SPAC EL's}}
{{2021–22 South Pacific cyclone season buttons}}
{{Category 3 South Pacific severe tropical cyclones}}
{{Retired South Pacific cyclones}}
Category:Tropical cyclones in 2022
Category:Tropical cyclones in Fiji