DFMA
{{Short description|Product design methodology}}
DFMA (also sometimes rendered as DfMA) is an acronym for design for manufacture and assembly. DFMA is the combination of two methodologies; design for manufacture, which means the design for ease of manufacture of the parts that will form a product, and design for assembly, which means the design of the product for ease of assembly deriving creative ideas at the same time. The approach has been applied by engineering businesses and in the construction industry.
Usage
=Engineering product design and manufacturing=
DFMA is used as the basis for concurrent engineering studies to provide guidance to the design team in simplifying the product structure, to reduce manufacturing and assembly costs, and to quantify improvements. The practice of applying DFMA is to identify, quantify and eliminate waste or inefficiency in a product design. DFMA is therefore a component of lean manufacturing. DFMA is also used as a benchmarking tool to study competitors' products, and as a 'should cost' tool to assist in supplier negotiations. Boothroyd, G., Dewhurst, P. and Knight, W., “Product Design for Manufacture and Assembly, 2nd Edition”, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2002.
=DfMA in construction=
While modernist architect Le Corbusier advocated industrialisation of construction in 1923, proposing "A house is a machine to live in", DfMA as a concept in construction began to emerge in the 1990s, as construction industry critics applied cross-sectoral learning, looking at production theory, integration of design, manufacture and assembly, and lean concepts and tools.Lu, Weisheng & Tan, Tan & Xu, Jinying & Wang, Jing & Chen, Ke & Shang, Gao & Xue, Fan. (2020). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341148029_Design_for_Manufacture_and_Assembly_DfMA_in_construction_the_old_and_the_new/citation/download Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) in construction: the old and the new]". Architectural Engineering and Design Management. In the early 21st century, DfMA began to be advocated by government and industry organisations including, in the UK, the Royal Institute of British Architects (2016,Royal Institute of British Architects (2016), [https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/resources-landing-page/dfma-overlay-to-the-riba-plan-of-work DfMA Overlay to the Plan of Work]. RIBA Publishing. updated in 2021){{cite web |title=RIBA publishes new Design for Manufacture and Assembly guidance (15 September 2021) |url=https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/riba-publishes-new-design-for-manufacture-and-assembly-guidance |website=RIBA |access-date=8 August 2024}} and the Infrastructure and Projects Authority (IPA, 2018),IPA (2018), [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/759222/CCS207_CCS1118987248-001_National_Infrastructure_and_Construction_Pipeline_2018_Accessible.pdf Analysis of the National Infrastructure and Construction Pipeline], IPA, p.39. in Singapore, the Building and Construction Authority (2016), and, in Hong Kong, the SAR Development Bureau (2018).
UK government construction industry policy continued to advocate DfMA approaches; it was included in the 2019 Construction Sector Deal,{{cite web |title=HM Government Industrial Strategy: Construction Sector Deal |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5b646b40e5274a7716686009/construction-sector-deal-print-single.pdf |website=UK Gov |access-date=18 March 2024}} the Construction Playbook (2020, 2022),{{cite web |title=The Construction Playbook: Government Guidance on sourcing and contracting public works projects and programmes |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6312222de90e075880923330/14.116_CO_Construction_Playbook_Web.pdf |website=UK Gov |access-date=18 March 2024}} and the IPA's 2021 TIP Roadmap to 2030,{{cite web |title=Transforming Infrastructure Performance: Roadmap to 2030 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/transforming-infrastructure-performance-roadmap-to-2030/transforming-infrastructure-performance-roadmap-to-2030 |website=Infrastructure and Projects Authority |access-date=18 March 2024}} and in 2018 the IPA and HM Treasury consulted about an expansion of the approach.{{cite web |title=Proposal for a New Approach to Building: Call for Evidence |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/calls-for-evidence/proposal-for-a-new-approach-to-building-call-for-evidence |website=UK.Gov |access-date=8 August 2024}} The 2022 Playbook and TIP Roadmap subsequently encouraged procurement of construction projects based on product 'platforms' ("Platform Design for Manufacture and Assembly, PDfMA") comprising kits of parts, production processes, knowledge, people and relationships required to deliver all or part of construction projects.
The PDfMA approach has been applied to prison projects constructed by Kier Group for the Ministry of Justice,{{cite web |title=PDfMA Unlocks Continuous Improvement at HMP Millsike Project |url=https://constructingexcellence.org.uk/pdfma-unlocks-continuous-improvement-at-hmp-millsike-project/ |website=Constructing Excellence |access-date=8 August 2024}}{{cite news |last1=Chevin |first1=Denise |title=How Bryden Wood is evolving the platform approach |url=https://www.bimplus.co.uk/how-bryden-wood-is-evolving-the-platform-approach/ |access-date=8 August 2024 |work=BIMplus |date=14 June 2024}} and to delivery of a commercial office building for Landsec, The Forge in central London,{{cite news |last1=Mann |first1=Will |title=Landsec forges ahead with platform DfMA lessons |url=https://www.bimplus.co.uk/landsec-forges-ahead-with-platform-dfma/ |access-date=8 August 2024 |work=BIMplus |date=2 September 2022}} constructed by manufacturing and assembly managers Mace and Sir Robert McAlpine, and designed by architects Bryden Wood,{{cite web |title=The Forge: The world's first P-DfMA commercial office building opens in London |url=https://www.brydenwood.com/pdfma-commercial-building/s190278/ |website=Bryden Wood |access-date=8 August 2024}} long-time proponents of DfMA.{{cite web |title=Design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) |url=https://www.brydenwood.com/what-we-do/design-for-manufacture-and-assembly-dfma/s91293/ |website=Bryden Wood |access-date=8 August 2024}}
Software
DFMA is the name of the integrated set of software products from Boothroyd Dewhurst, Inc. used by companies to implement its DFMA methodology.{{cite news |title=DFMA Hits the Jackpot |url=https://www.digitalengineering247.com/article/dfma-hits-the-jackpot/fea |access-date=8 August 2024 |work=Digital Engineering |date=1 July 2010}} DFMA is a registered trademark of Boothroyd Dewhurst, Inc.[https://www.dfma.com/ DFMA]. Retrieved 8 August 2024.
See also
References
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External links
- {{Official website|www.dfma.com}}
- [http://www.designnews.com/article/510393-DFMA_Takes_a_Back_to_Basics_Product_Simplification_Strategy_to_Cut_Costs.php “DFMA Takes a Back-to-Basics Product Simplification Strategy to Cut Costs” September 2010 article from Design News magazine]{{Dead link|date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
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