Daniel Drake

{{for|the member of the US Senate from Missouri|Charles Daniel Drake}}

{{infobox person

| name = Daniel Drake

| image = Daniel Drake.jpg

| birth_date = {{birth date|1785|10|20}}

| birth_place = Plainfield, New Jersey, US

| death_date = {{death date and age|1852|11|5|1785|10|20}}

| death_place = Cincinnati, Ohio, US

| restingplace = Spring Grove Cemetery

| alma_mater = University of Pennsylvania

| children = Charles Daniel Drake

}}

File:Daniel Drake Home (1902).png

Daniel Drake (October 20, 1785 – November 5, 1852) was a pioneering American physician and prolific writer.{{cite web | url=http://www.worldcat.org/wcidentities/lccn-n50-27513 | title=Drake, Daniel 1785-1852 | publisher=OCLC WorldCat | access-date=20 December 2013}}{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mR9rAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:C_kYmiuRfJYC | title=Daniel Drake, 1785-1852: pioneer physician of the Midwest | publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press | last=Horine | first=Emmet Field | year=1961| isbn=9780598062208 }}

Early life

Drake was born in Plainfield, New Jersey, to Isaac Drake and Elizabeth Shotwell. He was the elder brother of Benjamin Drake, author of Life of Tecumseh. Daniel Drake "was predestined for the medical profession by his father. The latter, we are told by those who knew him, was a gentleman by nature and a Christian from convictions produced by a simple and unaffected study of the Word of God. His poverty he regretted, his ignorance he deplored."{{cite book |first=Edward Deering |last= Mansfield |author-link=Edward Deering Mansfield |year=2009 |title=Memoirs of the Life and Services of Daniel Drake, M.D. |publisher=Applewood Books |page=44 |isbn=9781429021968}}

Career

Drake studied under William Goforth in Cincinnati from 1800 to 1805, and received the first medical diploma west of the Allegheny Mountains.{{cite book |title=Cincinnati, the Queen City, 1788-1912 |volume=2 |first=Charles Frederic |author-link=Charles Frederic Goss|last=Goss |publisher=S J Clarke Publishing Company |location=Cincinnati |year=1912 |pages= 222–223 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=URIWAAAAYAAJ&q=surgeon&pg=PA223 }} Daniel graduated from the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania and established a medical practice in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1807.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uQg9XG6I9CsC&pg=PA10 | title=Legendary Locals of Cincinnati | publisher=Arcadia Publishing | date=4 January 2012 | access-date=2013-05-07 | last= Grace |first= Kevin | page=10| isbn=9781467100021 }}

He mainly worked on the field of medicine but also advocated social reforms and contributed to geology, botany, and meteorology, and medical geology. He is considered a relevant figure in the history of medicine in the United States.{{cite book|author-link= William H. Welch|first= William Henry |last= Welch |title= Papers and Addresses, Volume 3 |publisher= Johns Hopkins Press |page= 427}} Scholar Gert H. Brieger has called him "a heroic figure in American medicine" whose fame is due to his writings, where he also tried to improve medical education{{cite book|first= Gert H. |last= Brieger |year= 2009 |title= Medical America in the Nineteenth Century: Readings from the Literature |publisher= JHU Press |chapter= Daniel Drake}} and scientific research.{{cite book| first1= James C. |last1= Klotter |first2= Daniel |last2= Rowland |year= 2012 |title= Bluegrass Renaissance: The History and Culture of Central Kentucky, 1792-1852 |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |pages= 227–228}}

In 1818 Drake was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society and the American Philosophical Society.{{cite web | url=http://www.americanantiquarian.org/memberlistd | title=MemberListD - American Antiquarian Society | publisher=American Antiquarian Society | access-date=14 August 2016}}{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=1818&year-max=1818&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=2021-04-05|website=search.amphilsoc.org}} The library of the AAS holds original copies of around thirty texts written by Drake.{{Cite web|url=http://catalog.mwa.org/vwebv/search?searchArg=drake%2C+daniel&searchCode=OPAU&setLimit=1&recCount=10&searchType=1&page.search.search.button=Search|title = AAS Catalog Exact Search}} He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1819.{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter D|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterD.pdf|publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|access-date=September 9, 2016}}

In 1819 he helped organize the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati which later became the University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center,{{cite journal| title= New Life Members|publisher= American College of Physicians |year= 1952 |journal= Annals of Internal Medicine |volume= 37| number= 1| page= 638|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-37-3-631}} where he served as a President. He secured a state appropriation for its support and that of a hospital.

In 1827 Drake and Guy W. Wright M.D. founded The Western Medical and Physical Journal, of which they were editors. Then in 1828 he founded another journal, with a similar name, The Western Journal of the Medical and Physical Sciences, of which Drake was sole editor. He continued to edit this journal until 1848. In 1846 he, William Maclay Awl and other members of the Ohio medical profession established the Ohio State Medical Society. He was a founding member of the Commercial Hospital and Lunatic Asylum in Ohio, and a fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. He was connected, either as a lecturer or professor, at different times, at the University of Louisville (Louisville, Kentucky) and Jefferson Medical College (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). He was Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine at Transylvania University.{{cite journal |last=Beck |first=John Brodhead |year=1828 |title=Quarterly Bibliographical Notices |journal=The New York Medical and Physical Journal |volume=7 |page=613}} In 1852, he rejoined the faculty at the Medical College of Ohio but died a few days after receiving his appointment.{{cite web | url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Drake,_Daniel?r | title=Daniel Drake | publisher=Ohio History Central | access-date=20 December 2013}} He is buried at Spring Grove Cemetery.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_D3qf9b1s-gC&q=1880+cincinnati&pg=PA35 | title=Cincinnati: From River City to Highway Metropolis | publisher=Arcadia Publishing | date=1 October 2003 | access-date=2013-05-25 | last= Stradling |first=David | pages=35| isbn=9780738524405 }}

Personal life

He was the father of Charles Daniel Drake. Drake's home was located at 429 East Third Street in Cincinnati.

A religious man, he was a founding Member of Christ Church in Cincinnati, and he advocated the combination of Christian feelings and literature.Drake, Daniel (1834). Discourse on the History, Character, and Prospects of the West: Delivered to the Union Literary Society of Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, at Their Ninth Anniversary, September 23, 1834. Truman and Smith. p. 31

He is the namesake of Cincinnati's Daniel Drake Park{{sfn|Juettner|p=10}} and the Daniel Drake Rehabilitation Center at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center.

William Osler was a great admirer of Drake:

"It was his custom when he met anyone from Cincinnati to ask if a statue to Daniel Drake had been erected, for he had made a vow never to visit that city until Drake had been accorded the honour which was his due."W.R.Bett, Osler: The Man and the Legend, Heinemann, London 1951, p.89.

Works

Notices Concerning Cincinnati (1810; 1908)
[https://archive.org/details/naturalandstati00drakgoog Natural and statistical view; or picture of Cincinnati and the Miami country] (1815){{cite book|last=Squier|first=E.G.|title=Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley|year=1848|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|location=Washington, D.C.|page=43|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/4301/view/1/43/}}
[http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/2552026R An account of the epidemic cholera : as it appeared in Cincinnati] (1832)
[http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/2552035R Practical treatise on the history, prevention, and treatment of epidemic cholera] (1832)
Practical Essays on Medical Education (1832)
[http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/62650140R An introductory lecture on the means of promoting the intellectual improvement of the students and physicians of the valley of the Mississippi] (1844)
Systematic Treatise on the Principal Diseases of the Interior Valley of North America, (1850-54)
[http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001684621 Pioneer Life in Kentucky: A series of reminiscential letters from Daniel Drake ... to his children] (1870); edited by his son Charles D. Drake

References

External links

[https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Drake%2C+Daniel%2C+1785-1852%22 Drake's works available on Internet Archive]
{{cite book |title=Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography |title-link=Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography|volume=2|year=1887 |page=223|chapter=Daniel Drake |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sgZLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA223|last1=Wilson|first1=James Grant|last2=Fiske|first2=John}}
[http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Daniel_Drake Daniel Drake] at Ohio History Central
{{find a Grave|18132265}}

Category:1785 births

Category:1852 deaths

Category:American essayists

Category:American male journalists

Category:Physicians from Ohio

Category:American botanists

Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

Category:University of Cincinnati faculty

Category:Transylvania University faculty

Category:American science writers

Category:Physicians from Cincinnati

Category:Writers from Plainfield, New Jersey