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Danube vilayet

{{Short description|First-level administrative division of the Ottoman Empire}}

{{Infobox Former Subdivision

|native_name = {{lang|ota|ولايت طونه}}
Vilâyet-i Tûna
{{langx|bg|Дунавска област}}

|common_name = Danube Vilayet

|subdivision = Vilayet

|nation = the Ottoman Empire

|year_start = 1864

|year_end = 1878

|event_start = Vilayet Law

|event_end = Congress of Berlin

|p1 = Nis Eyalet

|flag_p1=

|p2 = Vidin Eyalet

|flag_p2=

|p3 = Ozu Eyalet

|flag_p3=

|s1 = Principality of Bulgaria

|flag_s1 = Flag of Bulgaria.svg

|s2 = Principality of Serbia

|flag_s2 = Flag of Serbia (1835–1882).svg

|s3 = Kingdom of Romania

|flag_s3 = Flag of Romania.svg

|s4 = Eastern Rumelia

|flag_s4 = Flag of Eastern Rumelia.svg

|image_flag=Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg

|flag_type=

|image_coat=

|image_map = Danube Vilayet, Ottoman Balkans (1860s).png

|image_map_caption = The Danube Vilayet in 1877

|capital = Rusçuk

|coordinates = {{Coord|43|0|N|25|0|E|display=inline,title}}

|stat_year1 = 1864

|stat_area1=

|stat_pop1 = 1,995,000{{cite book|last=Palairet|first=Michael R.|title=The Balkan Economies c.1800-1914: Evolution without Development|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hkQytxTkZcoC&pg=PA8|isbn=9780521522564|date=2003-11-13|publisher=Cambridge University Press }}

|stat_year2=

|stat_area2=

|stat_pop2=

|today = Romania
Serbia
Bulgaria

|footnotes=

|conventional_long_name=Vilayet of the Danube|title_leader=Governor|leader1=Hafiz Ahmed Midhat Shefik Pasha|year_leader1=1864-1868|leader2=Oman Mazhar Ahmed|year_leader2=1876-1877}}

The Vilayet of the Danube or Danubian Vilayet ({{langx|ota|ولايت طونه|Vilâyet-i Tuna}};[http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/003517733 Hathi Trust Digital Library - Holdings: Salname-yi Vilâyet-i Tuna] {{langx|bg|Дунавска област}}, Dunavska(ta) oblast,{{cite book |last=Strauss |first=Johann|url=https://menadoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/menalib/download/pdf/2734659?originalFilename=true |year=2010 |chapter=A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire: Translations of the Kanun-ı Esasi and Other Official Texts into Minority Languages | editor=Herzog, Christoph|editor2=Malek Sharif|title= The First Ottoman Experiment in Democracy|publisher=Orient-Institut Istanbul |location= Wurzburg|pages= 21–51 }} ([http://menadoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/urn/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:5-91645 info page on book] at Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 42 (PDF p. 44/338). more commonly Дунавски вилает, Danube Vilayet) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire from 1864 to 1878.{{Britannica|512682|Rumelia}} In the late 19th century it reportedly had an area of {{convert|34120|sqmi|km2}}.[https://archive.org/stream/earth01recluoft#page/152/mode/1up Europe] by Éliseé Reclus, page 152

The vilayet was created from the northern parts of Silistra Province along the Danube River and eyalets of Niš, Vidin and Silistra. This vilayet was meant to become a model province, showcasing all the progress achieved by the Porte through the modernising Tanzimat reforms. Other vilayets modelled on the vilayet of the Danube were ultimately established throughout the empire by 1876, with the exception of the Arabian Peninsula and the by then semi-independent Egypt. Rusçuk, today Ruse in Bulgaria, was chosen as the capital of the vilayet due to its position as a key Ottoman port on the Danube.

The province disappeared after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, when its north-eastern part (Northern Dobruja) was incorporated into Romania, some of its western territories into Serbia, while the central and southern regions made up most of the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria and a part of Eastern Rumelia.

Borders and administrative divisions

Upon its establishment in 1864, the Danube Vilayet included the following sanjaks:{{cite book|author1=Stanford Jay Shaw|author2=Ezel Kural. Shaw|title=History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AIET_7ji7YAC&pg=PA90|access-date=2013-05-28|year=1977|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-29166-8|page=90}}

  1. Sanjak of Tulcea
  2. Sanjak of Varna
  3. Sanjak of Ruse
  4. Sanjak of Tărnovo
  5. Sanjak of Vidin
  6. Sanjak of Sofia
  7. Sanjak of Niš

In 1868, the Sanjak of Niš was detached and made part of the Prizren Vilayet.{{cite book|last1=Grandits|first1=Hannes|title=Conflicting Loyalties in the Balkans The Great Powers, the Ottoman Empire and Nation-building.|publisher=Gardners Books|isbn=978-1-84885-477-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xHEnVxnHIHgC&pg=PA309|author2=Nathalie Clayer, Robert Pichler|access-date=5 May 2011|page=309|year=2010|quote=In 1868 the vilayet of Prizren was created with the sancaks of Prizren, Dibra, Skopje and Niš; it only existed till 1877}}

In 1876, the Sanjak of Niš and the Sanjak of Sofia were spun off into the short-lived Sofia Vilayet but were subsequently annexed to the Vilayets of Adrianople and Kosovo Vilayets only a year later, in 1877.

Government

Midhat Pasha was the first governor of the vilayet (1864–1868).{{Google books|QjzYdCxumFcC|page=172|Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire}} By Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Alan Masters During his time as a governor, steamship lines were established on the Danube River; the Ruse-Varna railroad was completed; agricultural credit cooperatives providing farmers with low-interest loans were introduced; tax incentives were also offered to encourage new industrial enterprises.

The first official vilayet newspaper in the Ottoman Empire, Tuna/Dunav, was published in both Ottoman Turkish and Bulgarian and had both Ottoman and Bulgarian editors. Its editors in chief included Ismail Kemal and Ahmed Midhat Efendi.

The vilayet had an Administrative Assembly that included state officials appointed by the Ottoman government as well as six representatives (three Muslims and three non-Muslims) elected from among the inhabitants of the province. Non-Muslims also participated in the provincial criminal and commercial courts that were based on a secular code of law and justice. Mixed Muslim-Christian schools were also introduced, but this reform was abolished after it was met by strong opposition by the populace.

Governors

File:Takvim-i Vekayi - 0773.pdf]]

Governors of the Vilayet:[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Bulgaria.html World Statesmen — Bulgaria]

Demographics

In 1865, 658,600 (40.51%) Muslims and 967,058 (59.49%) non-Muslims, including females, were living in the province (excluding Niş sanjak); some 569,868 (34.68%) Muslims, apart from the immigrants and 1.073.496 (65,32%) non-Muslims in 1859–1860.{{cite web|url=http://mobil.turkishstudies.net/mdetay.aspx?ID=7023&Detay=Ozet|title=Makale Takip Sistemi Mobile|access-date=2018-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806025155/http://mobil.turkishstudies.net/mdetay.aspx?ID=7023&Detay=Ozet|archive-date=2018-08-06|url-status=dead}} Some 250000-300000 Muslim immigrants from Crimea and Caucasus had been settled in this region from 1855 to 1864.Karpat, K.H. (1985). Ottoman population, 1830-1914: demographic and social characteristics. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Press.

Male population of the Danube Vilayet (exclusive of the Sanjak of Niš) in 1865 according to Kuyûd-ı Atîk (the Danube Vilayet printing press):{{cite journal|journal=Turkish Studies - International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic|volume=9|issue=4|first=Aşkın|last= KOYUNCU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272874328 | trans-title=Population and Demography of the Danube Vilayet (1864-1877) |title=Tuna Vilâyeti'nde Nüfus Ve Demografi (1864-1877)|language=tr|date=January 2014|doi=10.7827/TurkishStudies.7023|pages=695|doi-access=free}}

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Ethnoconfessional Groups in the Danube Vilayet as per 1865 Population Register

|radius = 80

|label1 = Bulgarians|color1 = Salmon

|value1 = 56.22

|label2 = Muslims|color2 = DodgerBlue

|value2 = 40.31

|label3 = Vlachs|color3 = Gold

|value3 = 0.92

|label4 = Armenians|color4 = DarkRed

|value4 = 0.86

|label5 = Greeks |color5 = HotPink

|value5 = 0.60

|label6 = Jews|color6 = DarkOrchid

|value6 = 0.44

|label7 = Christian Romani |color7 = Yellow

|value7 = 0.44

|label8 = Muslim Romani|color8 =Aquamarine

|value8 = 0.20

}}

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ Ethnoconfessional Groups in the Danube Vilayet as per the 1865 Population Register

Community

! Rusçuk Sanjak

! Vidin Sanjak

! Varna Sanjak

! Tırnova Sanjak

! Tulça Sanjak

! Sofya Sanjak

! Danube Vilayet

style="background:#E0F0FF;"| Islam Millet

|style="background:#E0F0FF;" |{{number and percent|138017 | 225769}}

|{{number and percent|14835 | 116899}}

|style="background:#E0F0FF; "|{{number and percent|38230 | 51975}}

|{{number and percent|77539 | 192335}}

|style="background:#E0F0FF; "|{{number and percent|38479 | 59487}}

|{{number and percent|20612 | 166364}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent|327712 | 812829}}

style="background:#E0F0FF; | Muslim Roma

|{{number and percent|312 | 225769}}

|{{number and percent|245 | 116899}}

|{{number and percent|118 | 51975}}

|{{number and percent|128 | 192335}}

|{{number and percent|19 | 59487}}

|{{number and percent|766 | 166364}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent|1588 | 812829}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Bulgar Millet

|{{number and percent|85268 | 225769}}

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"| {{number and percent|93613 | 116899}}

|{{number and percent|9553 | 51975}}

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|{{number and percent|113213 | 192335}}

|{{number and percent|12961 | 59487}}

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|{{number and percent|142410 | 166364}}

|style="background:#FFD0C0; text-align:right;"|{{number and percent|457018|812829}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Ullah Millet

|{{number and percent|0 | 225769}}

|{{number and percent| 7446| 116899}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 51975}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 192335}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 59487}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 166364}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent|7446|812829}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Ermeni Millet

|{{number and percent|926 | 225769}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 116899}}

|{{number and percent|368 | 51975}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 192335}}

|{{number and percent|5720 | 59487}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 166364}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent|7014|812829}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Rum Millet

|{{number and percent|0 | 225769}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 116899}}

|{{number and percent|2639 | 51975}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 192335}}

|{{number and percent|2215 | 59487}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 166364}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent|4908 | 812829}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Non-Muslim Romani people

|{{number and percent|145 | 225769}}

|{{number and percent|130 | 116899}}

|{{number and percent|999 | 51975}}

|{{number and percent|1455 | 192335}}

|{{number and percent|92 | 59487}}

|{{number and percent|786 | 166364}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent|3607|812829}}

style="background:#E0E0FF;"|Yahudi Millet

|{{number and percent|1101 | 225769}}

|{{number and percent|630 | 116899}}

|{{number and percent|14 | 51975}}

|{{number and percent|0 | 192335}}

|{{number and percent|1 | 59487}}

|{{number and percent|1790 | 166364}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent|3536 | 812829}}

TOTAL

!{{number and percent| 225769| 225769}}

!{{number and percent| 116899| 116899}}

!{{number and percent| 51975| 51975}}

!{{number and percent| 192335| 192335}}

!{{number and percent| 59487| 59487}}

!{{number and percent| 166364| 166364}}

!{{number and percent| 812829| 812829}}

File:LoiconstitutiveDanubeVilayet.pdf

Male Muslim & Non-Muslim population in the Danube Vilayet according to the Ottoman Salname for 1868:{{cite journal|journal=Turkish Studies - International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic|volume=9|issue=4|first=Aşkın|last= KOYUNCU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272874328 | trans-title=Population and Demography of the Danube Vilayet (1864-1877) |title=Tuna Vilâyeti'nde Nüfus Ve Demografi (1864-1877)|language=tr|date=January 2014|doi=10.7827/TurkishStudies.7023|pages=697|doi-access=free}}

class="wikitable sortable" text-align:left;

|+Male Muslim & Non-Muslim Population in the Danube Vilayet as per the 1868 Ottoman Salname

rowspan="2" style="width:90pt;" "text-align="left" |Sanjak

! colspan="2" style="width:90pt;" style="background:#E0F0FF;|Muslims

! colspan="2" style="width:90pt;" style="background:#FFD0C0;" |Non-Muslims

! rowspan="2" style="width:90pt;" |Total

style="width:80pt; "|Number

! style="width:10pt;" |%

! style="width:80pt;" |Number

! style="width:10pt;" |%

Rusçuk

|align="center" style="background:#E0F0FF;|138,692

|style="background:#E0F0FF;|59.14%

|align="center"|95,834

|40.86%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|234,526}}

Varna

|align="center" style="background:#E0F0FF;|58,689

|style="background:#E0F0FF;|73.86%

|align="center"|20,769

|26.14%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|79.458}}

Vidin

|align="center"|25,338

|16.90%

|align="center" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|124,567

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|83.10%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|149,905}}

Sofya

|align="center" |24,410

|14.23%

|align="center" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|147,095

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|85.77%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|171,505}}

Tirnova

|align="center"|71,645

|40.73%

|align="center" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|104,273

|style="background:#FFD0C0;" |59.27%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|175,918}}

Tulça

|align="center" style="background:#E0F0FF;|39,133

|style="background:#E0F0FF;|68.58%

|align="center"|17,929

|41.42%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|57,062}}

Niş

|align="center"|54,510

|35.18%

|align="center" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|100,425

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|64.82%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|154,935}}

style="text-align:left;"|{{large|Grand Total}}

! {{resize|105%|412,417}}

! {{resize|105%|40.30%}}

! {{resize|105%|610,892}}

! {{resize|105%|59.70%}}

! style="text-align:right;"|{{resize|105%|1,023,309}}

Male Population of the Danube Vilayet (exclusive of the Sanjak of Niš) in 1866-1873 according to the editor of the Danube newspaper Ismail Kemal:Димитър Аркадиев. ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В БРОЯ НА НАСЕЛЕНИЕТО ПО БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ ЗЕМИ В СЪСТАВА НА ОСМАНСКАТА ИМПЕРИЯ [http://spisaniestatistika.nsi.bg/page/bg/details.php?article_id=84&tab=en] National Statistical Institute

class="wikitable sortable"

|+Male Population of the Danube Vilayet1 in 1873

Community

! style="text-align:right; width:160pt;"|Population

style="background:#E0F0FF; | Muslims

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|481798 |1141051}}

style="background:#E0F0FF; |—Established Muslims

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|392369 |1141051}}

style="background:#E0F0FF; |—Muslim settlers

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|64398 |1141051}}

style="background:#E0F0FF; |—Muslim Roma

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|25031 |1141051}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"| Christians

|style="text-align:right; background:#FFD0C0;"| {{number and percent|646215 |1141051}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Bulgarians

|style="text-align:right; background:#FFD0C0;"| {{number and percent|592573 |1141051}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Greeks

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|7655 |1141051}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Armenians

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|2128 |1141051}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Catholics

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|3556 |1141051}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —other Christians

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|40303 |1141051}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Non-Muslims Romani people

|style="text-align:right;| {{number and percent|7663 |1141051}}

style="background:#E0E0FF;"| Jews

| style="text-align:right;|{{number and percent|5375 |1141051}}

style="text-align:left;"|{{resize|110%|TOTAL Danube Vilayet}}

! style="text-align:right;"| {{number and percent|1141051|1141051}}

colspan="11" | {{smalldiv|1=1 Exclusive of the Sanjak of Niš.}}

Male Population of the Danube Vilayet (exclusive of the Sanjak of Niš) in 1868 according to Kemal Karpat:

class="wikitable sortable"
Group

! Population

style="background:#FFD0C0;"| Christian Bulgarians

| 490.467

style="background:#E0F0FF; | Muslims

| 359.907

According to the 1874 census, there were 963596 (42,22%) Muslims and 1318506 (57,78%) non-Muslims in the Danube Province excluding Nış sanjak. Together with the sanjak of Nish the population consisted of 1055650 (40,68%) Muslims and 1539278 (59,32%) non-Muslims in 1874. Muslims were the majority in the sanjaks of Rusçuk, Varna and Tulça, while the non-Muslims were in majority in the rest of the sanjaks.{{cite web |last1=KOYUNCU |first1=Aşkın |title=Population And Demographics In The Danube Province (1864-1877) |url=http://www.turkishstudies.net/English/DergiTamDetay.aspx?ID=7023&Detay=Ozet |website=www.turkishstudies.net |access-date=2018-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144518/http://www.turkishstudies.net/English/DergiTamDetay.aspx?ID=7023&Detay=Ozet |archive-date=2018-06-12 |url-status=dead }}

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Ethnoconfessional Groups in the Danube Vilayet as per 1873-74 Vilayet Census{{citation|title=État Présent De L'empire Ottoman: Statistique, Gouvernement, Administration, Finances, Armée, Communautés Non Musulmanes, Etc., Etc. d'Apres Le Salnameh (Annuaire Imperial) Pour l'Annee 1293 de l'Hegire (1875-76)|trans-title=Present State Of The Ottoman Empire: Statistics, Government, Administration, Finances, Army, Non-Muslim Communities, Etc., Etc. according to the Salnameh (Annual Imperial Register) for the Year 1293 of the Hegira (1875-76)|first1=Abdolonyme|last1=Ubicini|first2=Abel|last2=de Courteille|pages=91|publisher=Dumaine|year=1876|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rfpXhDl1qLwC}}

|radius = 80

|label1 = Bulgarians|color1 = Salmon

|value1 = 52.02

|label2 = Establ. Muslims|color2 = DodgerBlue

|value2 = 34.44

|label3 = Circassian Muhacir|color3 = Indigo

|value3 = 5.65

|label4 = Misc. Christians|color4 = Red

|value4 = 3.53

|label5 = Muslim Romani|color5 = Aquamarine

|value5 = 2.19

|label6 = Christian Romani|color6 = Yellow

|value6 = 0.68

|label7 = Greeks|color7 = DeepPink

|value7 = 0.67

|label8 = Jews|color8 = DarkOrchid

|value8 = 0.48

|label9= Roman Catholics|color9 = Orange

|value9 = 0.31

}}

Total population of the Danube Vilayet by ethnoconfessional group according to French orientalist Ubicini on the basis of the official Ottoman Census of the Danube Vilayet of 1873-1874 (exclusive of the Sanjak of Niš) , then part of the Prizren Vilayet:

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ Ethnoconfessional Groups in the Danube Vilayet1 as per the 1873-74 Census

style="width:130pt;"|Community

! style="text-align:center;"style="width:100pt;"|Number

! style="text-align:center;"style="width:100pt;"|Percentage

style="background:#E0F0FF; | Muslimsstyle="text-align:right;|963,596style="text-align:right;| 42.28%
style="background:#E0F0FF;"| —Established Muslimsstyle="text-align:right;| 784,731style="text-align:right;| 34.44%
style="background:#E0F0FF;"| —Circassian Muhacirstyle="text-align:right;| 128,796style="text-align:right;| 5.65%
style="background:#E0F0FF;"| —Muslim Romanistyle="text-align:right;| 50.069style="text-align:right;| 2.19%
style="background:#FFD0C0;"| Christiansstyle="text-align:right;| 1,303,944style="text-align:right; background:#FFD0C0;"| 57.23%
style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Bulgar milletstyle="text-align:right;"| 1,185,146style="text-align:right; background:#FFD0C0;"| 52.02%
style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Rum milletstyle="text-align:right;| 15,310style="text-align:right;| 0.67%
style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Ermeni milletstyle="text-align:right;| 450style="text-align:right;| 0.02%
style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Roman Catholicsstyle="text-align:right;| 7,112style="text-align:right;| 0.31%
style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Christian Romanistyle="text-align:right;| 15,524style="text-align:right;| 0.68%
style="background:#FFD0C0;"| —Miscellaneous Christians2style="text-align:right;| 80,402style="text-align:right;| 3.53%
style="background:#E0E0FF;"| Yahudi milletstyle="text-align:right;| 10,752style="text-align:right;| 0.48%
style="text-align:left;" |{{resize|110%|GRAND TOTAL}} || {{resize|105%|2,278,290}} || {{resize|105%|100%}}
colspan="11" | {{smalldiv|1=1 Exclusive of the Sanjak of Niš.
2 Vlachs, Lipovans, Cossacks, Germans, etc., mostly in Sanjak of Tulça.}}

Male Population of the Danube Vilayet (exclusive of the Sanjak of Niš) in 1875 according to Tahrir-i Cedid (the Danube Vilayet printing press):{{cite journal|journal=Turkish Studies - International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic|volume=9|issue=4|first=Aşkın|last= KOYUNCU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272874328 | trans-title=Population and Demography of the Danube Vilayet (1864-1877) |title=Tuna Vilâyeti'nde Nüfus Ve Demografi (1864-1877)|language=tr|date=January 2014|doi=10.7827/TurkishStudies.7023|pages=717|doi-access=free}}

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Ethnoconfessional Groups in the Danube Vilayet as per 1875 Ottoman Salname

|radius = 80

|label1 = Bulgarians|color1 = Salmon

|value1 = 54.04

|label2 = Establ. Muslims|color2 = DodgerBlue

|value2 = 36.23

|label3 = Misc. Christians|color3 = Red

|value3 = 2.74

|label4 = Çerkes Muhacir|color4 = Indigo

|value4 = 2.73

|label5 = Muslim Romani|color5 = Aquamarine

|value5 = 2.22

|label6 = Christian Romani|color6 = Yellow

|value6 = 0.68

|label7 = Armenians|color7 = DarkRed

|value7 = 0.51

|label8 = Jews|color8 = DarkOrchid

|value8 = 0.44

|label9 = Greeks|color9 = DeepPink

|value9 = 0.37

}}

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ Male Population of the Danube Vilayet (exclusive of the Sanjak of Niš) in 1875

Community

! Rusçuk Sanjak

! Vidin Sanjak

! Varna Sanjak

! Tırnova Sanjak

! Tulça Sanjak

! Sofya Sanjak

! Danube Vilayet

style="background:#E0F0FF;"|Islam Millet

|style="background:#E0F0FF;"|{{number and percent| 164455| 309797}}

|{{number and percent| 20492| 178823}}

|style="background:#E0F0FF;"|{{number and percent| 52742| 85805}}

|{{number and percent| 88445|245894}}

|style="background:#E0F0FF;"|{{number and percent| 53059|87455}}

|{{number and percent| 27001|213180}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent| 406194|1120954}}

style="background:#E0F0FF;"|Circassian Muhacir

|{{number and percent| 16588| 309797}}

|{{number and percent| 6522| 178823}}

|{{number and percent| 4307| 85805}}

|{{number and percent| 0|245894}}

|{{number and percent| 2954|87455}}

|{{number and percent| 202|213180}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent| 30573|1120954}}

style="background:#E0F0FF;"|Muslim Roma

|{{number and percent| 9579| 309797}}

|{{number and percent| 2783| 178823}}

|{{number and percent| 2825| 85805}}

|{{number and percent| 6545|245894}}

|{{number and percent| 139|87455}}

|{{number and percent| 2964|213180}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent| 24835|1120954}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Bulgar Millet

|{{number and percent| 114792| 309797}}

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|{{number and percent| 131279| 178823}}

|{{number and percent| 21261| 85805}}

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|{{number and percent| 148713 |245894}}

|{{number and percent| 10553 |87455}}

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|{{number and percent| 179202 |213180}}

|style="text-align:right; background:#FFD0C0;"|{{number and percent| 605800 |1120954}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Vlachs, Catholics, etc.

|{{number and percent| 500| 309797}}

|{{number and percent| 14690| 178823}}

|{{number and percent| 0| 85805}}

|{{number and percent| 0|245894}}

|{{number and percent| 15512|87455}}

|{{number and percent| 0|213180}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent| 30702|1120954}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Ermeni Millet

|{{number and percent| 991| 309797}}

|{{number and percent| 0| 178823}}

|{{number and percent| 808| 85805}}

|{{number and percent| 0|245894}}

|{{number and percent| 3885|87455}}

|{{number and percent| 0|213180}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent| 5684|1120954}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Rum Millet

|{{number and percent| 0| 309797}}

|{{number and percent| 0| 178823}}

|{{number and percent| 3421| 85805}}

|{{number and percent| 494|245894}}

|{{number and percent| 217|87455}}

|{{number and percent| 0|213180}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent | 4132|1120954}}

style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Non-Muslims Romani people

|{{number and percent| 1790| 309797}}

|{{number and percent| 2048| 178823}}

|{{number and percent| 331| 85805}}

|{{number and percent| 1697|245894}}

|{{number and percent| 356|87455}}

|{{number and percent| 1437|213180}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent| 7659|1120954}}

style="background:#E0E0FF;"|Yahudi Millet

|{{number and percent| 1102| 309797}}

|{{number and percent| 1009| 178823}}

|{{number and percent| 110| 85805}}

|{{number and percent| 0|245894}}

|{{number and percent| 780|87455}}

|{{number and percent| 2374|213180}}

|style="text-align:right;"|{{number and percent| 5375|1120954}}

TOTAL

! {{number and percent| 309797| 309797}}

! {{number and percent| 178823| 178823}}

! {{number and percent| 85805| 85805}}

! {{number and percent| 245894|245894}}

! {{number and percent| 87455|87455}}

! {{number and percent| 213180|213180}}

! {{number and percent| 1120954|1120954}}

Total population of the Danube Vilayet according to Russian diplomat Vladimir Cherkassky from the Ottoman population register:{{cite journal|journal=Turkish Studies - International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic|volume=9|issue=4|first=Aşkın|last= KOYUNCU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272874328 | trans-title=Population and Demography of the Danube Vilayet (1864-1877) |title=Tuna Vilâyeti'nde Nüfus Ve Demografi (1864-1877)|language=tr|date=January 2014|doi=10.7827/TurkishStudies.7023|pages=725|doi-access=free}}

class="wikitable sortable" text-align:left;

|+Total Population of the Danube Vilayet according to Cherkassky from the register, ca. 1876:

rowspan="2" style="width:120pt;" "text-align="left" |Sanjak

! colspan="2" style="width:90pt;" style="background:#E0F0FF;|Muslims

! colspan="2" style="width:90pt;" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|Bulgarians

! colspan="2" style="width:90pt;" style="background:#FFD700;"|Others

! rowspan="2" style="width:90pt;" |Total

style="width:80pt; "|Number

! style="width:10pt;" |%

! style="width:80pt;" |Number

! style="width:10pt;" |%

! style="width:80pt;" |Number

! style="width:10pt;" |%

Rusçuk

|align="center" style="background:#E0F0FF;|381,224

|style="background:#E0F0FF;|61.53%

|align="center"|233,164

|37.63%

|align="center"|5,186

|0.84%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|619,574}}

Vidin

|align="center"|59,654

|17.66%

|align="center" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|246,654

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|73.04%

|align="center"|31,398

|9.30%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|337,706}}

Tirnova

|align="center"|189,980

|38.71%

|align="center" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|300,820

|style="background:#FFD0C0;" |61.29%

|align="center"|0

| -

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|490,800}}

Tulça

|align="center" style="background:#E0F0FF;|112,300

|style="background:#E0F0FF;|63.34%

|align="center"|26,212

|14.78%

|align="center"|38,788

|21.88%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|177,300}}

Varna

|align="center" style="background:#E0F0FF;|119,754

|style="background:#E0F0FF;|69.78%

|align="center"|43,180

|25.16%

|align="center"|8,678

|5.06%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|171,612}}

Sofya

|align="center" |59,930

|14.02%

|align="center" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|362,714

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|84.87%

|align="center"|4,748

|1.11%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|427,392}}

Niş

|align="center"|77,500

|21.63%

|align="center" style="background:#FFD0C0;"|270,000

|style="background:#FFD0C0;"|75.36%

|align="center"|10,800

|3.01%

|align="right"|{{resize|105%|358,300}}

style="text-align:left;"|{{resize|110%|Danube Vilayet Total}}

! {{resize|105%|1,000,342}}

! {{resize|105%|38.73%}}

! {{resize|105%|1,482,744}}

! {{resize|105%|57.41%}}

! {{resize|105%|99,598}}

! {{resize|105%|3.86%}}

! style="text-align:right;"|{{resize|105%|2,582,684}}

Male population of the Danube Vilayet in 1876 according to the Ottoman officer Stanislas Saint Clair:

class="wikitable sortable"
Community

! Population

Turk Muslims

| {{number and percent|457018|1274282}}

Other Muslims

| {{number and percent|104639|1274282}}

Bulgarian Christians

| {{number and percent|639813 |1274282}}

Armenian Christians

| {{number and percent|2128 |1274282}}

Vlach and Greek Christians

| {{number and percent|56647 |1274282}}

Gypsies

| {{number and percent|8220 |1274282}}

Jews

| {{number and percent|5847 |1274282}}

TOTAL Danube Vilayet

|{{number and percent|1274282 |1274282}}

Total population of the Danube Vilayet (including Niş and Sofia sanjaks) according to the 1876 edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica:{{cite book |last1=Kellogg |first1=Day Otis |title=Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature |date=1876 |publisher=J.M. Stoddart |page=462 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y98qPa8-2VkC&pg=PA462 }}

class="wikitable sortable"
Group

! Population

Bulgarians

| {{number and percent|1500000|2369000}}

Turks

| {{number and percent|500000|2369000}}

Tatars

| {{number and percent|100000|2369000}}

Circassians

| {{number and percent|90000|2369000}}

Albanians

| {{number and percent|70000|2369000}}

Romanians

| {{number and percent|40000|2369000}}

Gypsies

| {{number and percent|25000|2369000}}

Russians

| {{number and percent|10000|2369000}}

Armenians

| {{number and percent|10000|2369000}}

Jews

| {{number and percent|10000|2369000}}

Greeks

| {{number and percent|8000|2369000}}

Serbs

| {{number and percent|5000|2369000}}

Germans, Italians, Arabs and others

| {{number and percent|1000|2369000}}

TOTAL Danube Vilayet

| {{number and percent|2369000|2369000}}

Total Population of the Danube Vilayet (excluding Niş sanjak) in 1876 estimated by the French counsel Aubaret from the register:{{cite book|last1=Suleiman|first1=Yasir|title=Language and Identity in the Middle East and North Africa|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136787843|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ugVeAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA102|page=102|date=2013-12-16}}{{cite book|last1=ENGİN DENİZ TANIR|title=THE MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY OTTOMAN BULGARIA FROM THE VIEWPOINTS OF THE FRENCH TRAVELERS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY|url=https://www.scribd.com/document/188315570/THE-MID-NINETEENTH-CENTURY-OTTOMAN-BULGARIA-FROM-THE-VIEWPOINTS-OF-THE-FRENCH-TRAVELERS-pdf|pages=52–55|access-date=2018-08-05|archive-date=2017-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202055057/https://www.scribd.com/document/188315570/THE-MID-NINETEENTH-CENTURY-OTTOMAN-BULGARIA-FROM-THE-VIEWPOINTS-OF-THE-FRENCH-TRAVELERS-pdf|url-status=dead}}

class="wikitable sortable"
Community

! Population

Muslims

| {{number and percent|1120000 |2353000}}

incl. Turks

| {{number and percent|774000 |2353000}}

incl. Circassians

| {{number and percent|200000 |2353000}}

incl. Tatars

| {{number and percent|110000 |2353000}}

incl. Gypsies

| {{number and percent|35000 |2353000}}

Non-Muslims

| {{number and percent|1233500 |2353000}}

incl. Bulgarians

| {{number and percent|1130000 |2353000}}

incl. Gypsies

| {{number and percent|12000 |2353000}}

incl. Greeks

| {{number and percent|12000 |2353000}}

incl. Jews

| {{number and percent| 12000|2353000}}

incl. Armenians

| {{number and percent|2500 |2353000}}

incl. Vlachs and others

| {{number and percent|65000 |2353000}}

TOTAL Danube Vilayet

| {{number and percent|2353000 |2353000}}

References

{{reflist}}

External links

  • {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/loiconstitutive00turkgoog|title=Loi constitutive du département formé sous le nom de vilayet du Danube|language=fr|publisher=Ottoman Empire Imprimerie Centrale|date=1865}}

{{Subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire|expanded = Vilayets}}

Category:Vilayets of the Ottoman Empire in Europe

Category:Modern history of Ukraine

Category:Ottoman period in the history of Bulgaria

Category:Ottoman period in Romania

Category:Ottoman Serbia

Category:1860s in the Ottoman Empire

Category:1870s in the Ottoman Empire

Category:States and territories established in 1864

Category:1864 establishments in the Ottoman Empire

Category:1878 disestablishments in the Ottoman Empire