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Davazdah Rokh

Davāzdah Rokh{{cite web|last1=Khaleghi-Motlagh|first1=Djalal|title=DAVĀZDAH ROḴ|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/davazdah-rok|publisher=ENCYCLOPÆDIA IRANICA|access-date=6 March 2016}} ({{langx|fa|دَوازدَه رُخ}}) (Twelve combats) is a story in Shahnameh. This relatively long story (almost 2,500 verses) is described as one of the finest stories of Shahnameh in terms of "plot, dramatic description, and insight into human nature".

Image:Baysonghori Shahnameh battle-scene.jpg, and Turan, under the command of Afrasiab. The Bayasanghori Shâhnâmeh, made in 1430 for Prince Bayasanghor (1399–1433), a registered Heritage of UNESCO.{{cite web |url=http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=22385&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html |access-date=April 23, 2009 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805015115/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D22385%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html |archive-date=August 5, 2009 |title=?Bayasanghori Sh?hn?meh? (Prince Bayasanghor?s Book of the Kings) }}]]

It takes place on the border between Iran and Turan, where a number of Iranian heroes fight with a number of Turanian heroes. In all cases, Iranian heroes defeat their Turanian competitors. Goudarz is the chief of Iranian heroes and Piran Viseh is the chief of Turanian heroes. The battle begins when Piran's brother, Houman, challenges the Iranians and is killed by Bizhan in a single combat. The two armies then join battle, without either side prevailing. Finally they agree to abide by the outcomes of a series of single combats (mard o mard) between the greatest heroes of the two armies:

Heroes of the two armies

  1. Fariburz vs Golbad Viseh
  2. Giv vs Goruye Zereh
  3. Gorazeh vs Siamak the Turanian
  4. Foruhal vs Zangolah
  5. Rohham vs Barman
  6. Bizhan vs Rooyin
  7. Hojir vs Sepahram
  8. Zange-ye Shavaran vs Akhvast
  9. Gorgin vs Andariman
  10. Bartah vs Kohram
  11. Goudarz vs Piran
  12. Gostaham vs Lahhak and Farshad

In all battles, the winner is the Iranian hero. At the end, Goudarz kills Piran and the war ends. However, Gostaham, who has not been chosen by Kay Khosrow to fight with Turanians, chases Lahhāk and Faršēd, brothers of Piran, and kills them, although he himself is severely injured in the process, whereupon Bizhan takes him to Kay Khosrow, who saves his life by the expedient of binding a healing amulet to his arm. The war ends with the death of Afrasiab, Turan's king. In some manuscripts of Shahnameh the story is entitled az Yazdah Rokh (Eleven combats), not counting the last fight between Gostaham and Piran's brothers.

The campaign ends with the victory of Iran and the implementation of a festival in honour of the empire’s noble ruler Kai Khosrow and Goudarz the valiant commander of his sovereign’s army.

Location of Davazdah Rokh

According to shahnameh the place of war was in the area near Zibad Castle or black mountain of Gonabad in Iran state of Greater Khorasan .[http://ganjoor.net/ferdousi/shahname/12rokh/sh1/]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201219101215/http://parssea.org/?p=274]

[https://www.hamshahrionline.ir/x5sV6 (Location of Davazdah Rokh): Zibad]

Gallery

The Sixth Joust of the RooksBizhan Versus Ruyyin, Painting attributed to 'Abd al-Vahhab- Painting (H. 21.7 x W. 17.1 cm).jpg|Bizhan Versus Ruyyin

Harvardmagazine.jpg|Kay Khosrow Reviews His Army

KayKhosrowMotherandGrandmother.jpg|Kay Khosrow arrival in IranDeparture of Kai Khosrow mother and grandmother toward Iran. (Kay Khosrow is seen with the old man in the middle)

Davazdah Rokh.jpg|Davazdah Rokh victory

The Night Battle of Kai Khusrau and Afrasiyab,Painting attributed to Bashdan Qara (active ca. 1525–35)-Painting ; (H. 30.8 x W. 18.4 cm).jpg|Kay Khosrow and Afrasiyab

Gustaham Slays Lahhak and Farshidvard,Painting attributed to Bashdan Qara (active ca. 1525–35)-Painting (H. 17.2 x W. 17.5 cm).jpg|Lahhak and Farshidvard

The Tenth Joust of the Rooks Barta versus Kuhram,Painting attributed to Bashdan Qara (active ca. 1525–35)-Painting ; (H. 23 x W. 17.3 cm).jpg|Barta versus Kuhram

File:IRAN Miniatur by UNESCO 1957 (8).jpg|BATTLE OF 12 Rokh)

See also

References

{{reflist}}

Sources

  • Ferdowsi university Simorgh Magazine,No 9 August 28, 2018 page 81-89 Location of Davazdah Rokh combats

[http://sanad.um.ac.ir/index.php?option=com_mag&view=magpage&id=1004&lang=fa&pno=81]

External links

  • hamshahrionline: a festival in the place of Davazdah Rokh war [https://www.hamshahrionline.ir/x5sV6]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20201219101215/http://parssea.org/?p=274]

{{Shahnameh}}

{{Other Shahnameh characters}}

Category:Shahnameh stories