Delftia lacustris

Delftia lacustris is a Gram-negative, nonfermentative, motile bacterium. The cells are rod shaped, and are 2.3±0.7 μm long and 0.7±0.1 μm in diameter. Growth occurs at pH 5–10, temperatures of 3–37 °C, and salinities of 0–6 g/L. Growth is ideal at pH 6–7, 25 °C, and 1 g/L NaCl. D. lacustris is capable of nitrate reduction, but not denitrification. It is positive for acid and alkaline phosphatases, chitinases, and phosphohydrolase. Many compounds can be used as carbon and energy sources.

Delftia lacustris is resistant to heavy metal toxicity from Cr(VI), Hg(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II).{{Cite journal|last1=Wu|first1=Wenyang|last2=Huang|first2=Haiying|last3=Ling|first3=Zhenmin|last4=Yu|first4=Zhengsheng|last5=Jiang|first5=Yiming|last6=Liu|first6=Pu|last7=Li|first7=Xiangkai|date=2016-01-01|title=Genome sequencing reveals mechanisms for heavy metal resistance and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation in Delftia lacustris strain LZ-C|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-015-1583-9|journal=Ecotoxicology|language=en|volume=25|issue=1|pages=234–247|doi=10.1007/s10646-015-1583-9|pmid=26589947|s2cid=7203751|issn=1573-3017|url-access=subscription}} It can also neutralize selenite and selenate through intracellular reduction that produces red elemental-Se.{{Cite journal|last1=Wadgaonkar|first1=Shrutika L.|last2=Nancharaiah|first2=Yarlagadda V.|last3=Jacob|first3=Claus|last4=Esposito|first4=Giovanni|last5=Lens|first5=Piet N. L.|date=2019|title=Microbial transformation of Se oxyanions in cultures of Delftia lacustris grown under aerobic conditions|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12275-019-8427-x|journal=Journal of Microbiology|language=en|volume=57|issue=5|pages=362–371|doi=10.1007/s12275-019-8427-x|pmid=30900147|s2cid=84847016|issn=1225-8873|url-access=subscription}} Selenite detoxification is facilitated by glutathione-bound thiol groups.{{Cite journal|last1=Chakraborty|first1=Samayita|last2=Rene|first2=Eldon R.|last3=Lens|first3=Piet N. L.|date=2019|title=Reduction of selenite to elemental Se(0) with simultaneous degradation of phenol by co-cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Delftia lacustris|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12275-019-9042-6|journal=Journal of Microbiology|language=en|volume=57|issue=9|pages=738–747|doi=10.1007/s12275-019-9042-6|pmid=31376106|s2cid=199388008|issn=1225-8873|url-access=subscription}} Selenite concentrations can be reduced by 60-72% under ideal conditions.

The LC-Z strain of Delftia lacustris isolated from polluted wastewaters is able to degrade naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, benzene, and toluene. This strain is halotolerant and resistant to heavy metals Cr(VI), Hg(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II). LC-Z has been proposed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation in combined pollution environments due to its ability to degrade organic compounds in the presence of heavy metals and high salinity.

Co-cultures Delftia lacustris with Phanerochaete chrysosporium could be used for the bioremediation of petrochemical wastewaters by simultaneously neutralizing selenite and phenols. Bacterial reduction of selenite protects P. chrysosporium against toxicity, while fungal degradation of phenols protects D. lacustris against toxicity.

Delftia lacustris has been proposed for use as a biocontrol agent to protect tomato plants against phytopathogens. Plants growing in soil that contains D. lacustris are less susceptible to root rot and wilt disease. Enzymatic chitinase and local nutrient depletion reduce the risk of phytopathogenic infections.{{Cite journal|last1=Janahiraman|first1=Veeranan|last2=Anandham|first2=Rangasamy|last3=Kwon|first3=Soon W.|last4=Sundaram|first4=Subbiah|last5=Karthik Pandi|first5=Veeranan|last6=Krishnamoorthy|first6=Ramasamy|last7=Kim|first7=Kiyoon|last8=Samaddar|first8=Sandipan|last9=Sa|first9=Tongmin|date=2016-11-07|title=Control of Wilt and Rot Pathogens of Tomato by Antagonistic Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophic Delftia lacustris and Bacillus spp.|journal=Frontiers in Plant Science|volume=7|page=1626|doi=10.3389/fpls.2016.01626|issn=1664-462X|pmc=5097904|pmid=27872630|doi-access=free }}

Delftia lacustris has been reported as a causative agent for nosocomial bacteremia, endocarditis, keratitis, and ocular infections.{{Cite journal|last1=Shin|first1=S. Y.|last2=Choi|first2=J. Y.|last3=Ko|first3=K. S.|date=2012-12-01|title=Four cases of possible human infections with Delftia lacustris|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-012-0339-1|journal=Infection|language=en|volume=40|issue=6|pages=709–712|doi=10.1007/s15010-012-0339-1|pmid=23055149|s2cid=31739408|issn=1439-0973|url-access=subscription}}{{Cite journal|last1=Sohn |first1=K. M. |last2=Baek |first2=J.-Y. |last3=Cheon |first3=S. |last4=Kim |first4=Y.-S. |last5=Koo |first5=S. H.|date=2015-07-01|title=Ocular infection associated with Delftia lacustris: first report|journal=The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases|language=en|volume=19|issue=4|pages=449–450|doi=10.1016/j.bjid.2015.05.001|pmid=26095905 |pmc=9427517 |issn=1413-8670|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=Sohn|first1=Kyung Mok|last2=Baek|first2=Jin-Yang|date=2015-05-04|title=Delftia lacustris septicemia in a pheochromocytoma patient: case report and literature review|url=https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.993422|journal=Infectious Diseases|volume=47|issue=5|pages=349–353|doi=10.3109/00365548.2014.993422|pmid=25712727|s2cid=30239926|issn=2374-4235|url-access=subscription}} Four possible and two confirmed cases of D. lacustris infections have been reported to have occurred in men of at least 40 years of age. Multidrug resistance to aminoglycosides and other antibiotics has been reported. Infections caused by D. lacustris, D. acidovorans, and D. tsuruhatensis are difficult to distinguish using commercial methods and are often mistaken for one another.

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• [http://bacdive.dsmz.de/index.php?search=2954&submit=Search Type strain of Delftia lacustris at BacDive – the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase]

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Category:Comamonadaceae

Category:Bacteria described in 2009