Demecarium bromide

{{Short description|Chemical compound}}

{{Distinguish|Decamethonium}}

{{Drugbox

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 460775208

| IUPAC_name = Trimethyl-[3-[methyl-[10-[methyl-(3-trimethylammoniophenoxy)carbonyl-amino]decyl]carbamoyl]oxyphenyl]ammonium dibromide

| image = Demecarium bromide.svg

| width = 300

| tradename = Humorsol

| pregnancy_category =

| legal_status =

| routes_of_administration = Topical (ophthalmic solution)

| bioavailability =

| protein_bound =

| metabolism =

| elimination_half-life =

| excretion =

| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CAS_number = 56-94-0

| ATC_prefix = S01

| ATC_suffix = EB04

| ATC_supplemental =

| PubChem = 5965

| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}

| DrugBank = DB00944

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 5750

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = 61D5V4OKTP

| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}

| KEGG = D00667

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| ChEBI = 4391

| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}

| ChEMBL = 1200514

| C=32 | H=52 | Br=2 | N=4 | O=4

| smiles = [Br-].[Br-].O=C(Oc1cccc(c1)[N+](C)(C)C)N(CCCCCCCCCCN(C(=O)Oc2cccc(c2)[N+](C)(C)C)C)C

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/C32H52N4O4.2BrH/c1-33(31(37)39-29-21-17-19-27(25-29)35(3,4)5)23-15-13-11-9-10-12-14-16-24-34(2)32(38)40-30-22-18-20-28(26-30)36(6,7)8;;/h17-22,25-26H,9-16,23-24H2,1-8H3;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = YHKBUDZECQDYBR-UHFFFAOYSA-L

}}

Demecarium bromide, trade name Humorsol, is a carbamate parasympathomimetic drug that acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, and is used as a glaucoma medication. It is applied directly to the eye in order to reduce elevated intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma.{{cite book | veditors = Jeske AH |title=Mosby's dental drug reference |date=2014 |publisher=Elsevier Mosby |location=St. Louis, Missouri |isbn=978-0-323-16916-5 |page=374 |edition=11th |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OcU0AwAAQBAJ&pg=PR548 |chapter=Demecarium bromide}}

Demecarium causes constriction of the pupil (miosis), which improves the drainage of the fluid in the eye (aqueous humour).{{cite book | vauthors = Stein HA, Stein RM, Freeman M |title=Ophthalmic dictionary and vocabulary builder for eye care professionals |date=2012 |publisher=Jaypee Brothers Medical |location=New Delhi |isbn=9789350253656 |page=103 |edition=4th | chapter = Demecarium bromide (Humorsol) | chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-xnRmiZBzqwC&pg=PA103}} As demecarium reversibly inhibits cholinesterase, it can be administered less frequently than other parasympathomimetic drugs, such as carbachol.

Commercially produced demecarium bromide solution, previously sold under the trade name Humorsol,{{cite book | vauthors = Edmunds MW, Mayhew MS |title=Pharmacology for the primary care provider |date=2013 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-08790-2 |page=174 |edition=4th |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8FwdEsvnw8oC&pg=PA174}} is no longer available,{{cite book | vauthors = Maggs DJ, Miller PE, Ofri R |title=Slatter's Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophthalmology |date=2013 |publisher=Elsevier |location=St. Louis, Missouri |isbn=978-1-4377-2367-0 |page=51 |edition=5th |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8QCduRN3zR0C&pg=PA51 |chapter=Indirect-acting parasympathomimetic agents}} although solutions of demecarium can be compounded.{{cite journal | vauthors = Alario AF, Strong TD, Pizzirani S | title = Medical Treatment of Primary Canine Glaucoma | journal = The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice | volume = 45 | issue = 6 | pages = 1235–59, vi | date = November 2015 | pmid = 26319445 | doi = 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.06.004 }}