Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers Network

{{short description|Public health association}}

The Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers Network (DCVMN) is a voluntary non-partisan public health alliance of health organizations and vaccine manufacturers. It has the goal of protecting people globally against known and emerging infectious diseases through the provision of a consistent supply of high quality vaccines at affordable prices for developing countries, to achieve vaccine equity.{{cite web |title=DCVMN |url=http://www.dcvmn.org/ |website=Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers Network |access-date=26 April 2022}}{{cite journal |last1=Poeloengan |first1=Thamrin |last2=Raw |first2=Isaias |last3=Martinez |first3=Luis Herrera |last4=El-Abbadi |first4=Mohamed |title=Developing Country Vaccine Manufacturers Network (DCVMN), 26–27 April 2001, Bandung, Indonesia |journal=Vaccine |date=12 November 2001 |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=285–287 |doi=10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00333-4 |pmid=11672886 |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00333-4 |access-date=26 April 2022 |language=en |issn=0264-410X}}{{cite journal |last1=Pagliusi |first1=Sonia |last2=Makhoana |first2=Morena |last3=Datla |first3=Mahima |last4=Leite |first4=Luciana |last5=Hendriks |first5=Jan |last6=Gholami |first6=Alireza |last7=Huang |first7=Weidan |last8=Gao |first8=Yongzhong |last9=Jadhav |first9=Suresh |last10=Harshavardhan |first10=Gutla V. J. A. |last11=Wu |first11=Yonglin |last12=Suhardono |first12=Mahendra |last13=Homma |first13=Akira |title=Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers Network (DCVMN): engaging to step up for vaccine discovery and access. Meeting report 2012 |journal=Vaccine |date=28 June 2013 |volume=31 |issue=31 |pages=3111–3115 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.082 |pmid=23684836 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23684836/ |access-date=26 April 2022 |issn=1873-2518}} DCVMN includes manufacturers in Brazil, China, Cuba, India, Indonesia, Mexico, South Africa and other low and middle income countries (LMICs). It was established in 2000/2001,{{cite journal |last1=Hendriks |first1=Jan |last2=Blume |first2=Stuart |title=Why might regional vaccinology networks fail? The case of the Dutch-Nordic Consortium |journal=Globalization and Health |date=7 July 2016 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=38 |doi=10.1186/s12992-016-0176-6 |pmid=27388678 |pmc=4936226 |issn=1744-8603 |doi-access=free }} and is headquartered in Switzerland.{{cite web |title=Developing Countries Vaccine Manufactures Network (DCVMN) International |url=https://www.devex.com/organizations/developing-countries-vaccine-manufactures-network-dcvmn-international-68701 |website=Devex |access-date=26 April 2022}} As of 2021, the President is Sai D. Prasad,{{cite news |last1=Mascarenhas |first1=Anuradha |title=Great success in vaccine development, but inequity has to be addressed, says expert |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/great-success-in-vaccine-devpt-but-inequity-has-to-be-addressed-says-expert-7676769/ |access-date=27 April 2022 |work=The Indian Express |date=17 December 2021 |language=en}} and the CEO is Rajinder Suri.{{cite web |title=Challenges and solutions to scaling-up COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing capacity |url=https://www.ifpma.org/global-health-matters/challenges-and-solutions-to-scaling-up-covid-19-vaccine-manufacturing-capacity/ |website=IFPMA |access-date=27 April 2022}}

In 2018, DCVMN members supplied more than half of the 2.36 billion doses of vaccines used globally by UNICEF.{{cite journal |last1=Hayman |first1=Benoit |last2=Pagliusi |first2=Sonia |title=Emerging vaccine manufacturers are innovating for the next decade |journal=Vaccine: X |date=29 April 2020 |volume=5 |pages=100066 |doi=10.1016/j.jvacx.2020.100066 |pmid=32462140 |pmc=7242873 |issn=2590-1362}} In 2019, a survey of 41 DCVMN members assessed their ability to use technology platforms, cell cultures and filling technologies for the manufacture of drug products. DCVMN members reported that they had the capability to supply over 50 distinct vaccines to 170 countries, totalling more than 3.5 billion vaccine doses annually.

At least 15 manufacturer members have achieved WHO prequalification for their vaccines.

Members are developing and producing novel vaccines for illnesses including neglected tropical diseases:{{cite journal |last1=Jadhav |first1=S. |last2=Gautam |first2=M. |last3=Gairola |first3=S. |title=Role of vaccine manufacturers in developing countries towards global healthcare by providing quality vaccines at affordable prices |journal=Clinical Microbiology and Infection |date=May 2014 |volume=20 |pages=37–44 |doi=10.1111/1469-0691.12568 |pmid=24476201 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259984191 |access-date=26 April 2022 |language=en|doi-access=free }} rotavirus, Japanese encephalitis, pertussis,{{cite journal |last1=Pagliusi |first1=Sonia |last2=Leite |first2=Luciana C.C. |last3=Datla |first3=Mahima |last4=Makhoana |first4=Morena |last5=Gao |first5=Yongzhong |last6=Suhardono |first6=Mahendra |last7=Jadhav |first7=Suresh |last8=Harshavardhan |first8=Gutla V.J.A. |last9=Homma |first9=Akira |title=Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers Network: Doing good by making high-quality vaccines affordable for all |journal=Vaccine |date=April 2013 |volume=31 |pages=B176–B183 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.060 |pmid=23598479 |url=https://www.bio.fiocruz.br/en/images/stories/pdfs/articles/doing-good-by-making-high-quality-vaccines-affordable-for-all.pdf |access-date=27 April 2022}} haemophilus influenzae, hepatitis B,{{cite journal |last1=Jadhav |first1=Suresh |last2=Datla |first2=Mahima |last3=Kreeftenberg |first3=Hans |last4=Hendriks |first4=Jan |title=The Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers' Network (DCVMN) is a critical constituency to ensure access to vaccines in developing countries |journal=Vaccine |date=20 March 2008 |volume=26 |issue=13 |pages=1611–1615 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.034 |pmid=18294742 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18294742/ |access-date=26 April 2022 |issn=0264-410X}} hepatitis E, meningitis A, cholera, poliovirus, human papillomavirus infection, dengue fever, Chikungunya virus and COVID-19.{{cite journal |last1=Pagliusi |first1=Sonia |last2=Jarrett |first2=Stephen |last3=Hayman |first3=Benoit |last4=Kreysa |first4=Ulrike |last5=Prasad |first5=Sai D. |last6=Reers |first6=Martin |last7=Hong Thai |first7=Pham |last8=Wu |first8=Ke |last9=Zhang |first9=Youn Tao |last10=Baek |first10=Yeong Ok |last11=Kumar |first11=Anand |last12=Evtushenko |first12=Anatoly |last13=Jadhav |first13=Suresh |last14=Meng |first14=Weining |last15=Dat |first15=Do Tuan |last16=Huang |first16=Weidan |last17=Desai |first17=Samir |title=Emerging manufacturers engagements in the COVID −19 vaccine research, development and supply |journal=Vaccine |date=22 July 2020 |volume=38 |issue=34 |pages=5418–5423 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.06.022 |pmid=32600908 |pmc=7287474 |issn=0264-410X}}

Developing countries that have the capacity for production of whole inactivated virus (WIV) and protein-based vaccines may be critical in addressing COVID-19 vaccine access gaps and achieving vaccine equity for LMICs.{{cite journal |last1=Hotez |first1=Peter J. |last2=Bottazzi |first2=Maria Elena |title=Whole Inactivated Virus and Protein-Based COVID-19 Vaccines |journal=Annual Review of Medicine |date=27 January 2022 |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1146/annurev-med-042420-113212 |pmid=34637324 |s2cid=238747462 |issn=0066-4219|doi-access=free }}

As of 29 December 2020, 18 DCVMN members were involved in preclinical or clinical trials for possible COVID-19 vaccines, three of them in Phase III trials.{{cite journal |last1=Hayman |first1=Benoit |last2=Dennehy |first2=Maureen |title=Developing-country vaccine manufacturers' technical capabilities can make a difference in global immunization |journal=Vaccine |date=23 August 2021 |volume=39 |issue=36 |pages=5153–5161 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.044 |pmid=34362602 |pmc=8330991 |issn=1873-2518}} The DCVMN is a vaccine manufacturers partner of COVAX, a worldwide initiative for equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines.{{cite web |title=Biotech, Developing and Developed Countries Vaccine Manufacturers COVID-19 Press Briefing (16 December 2021) |url=https://www.ifpma.org/events-2/biotech-developing-and-developed-countries-vaccine-manufacturers-covid-19-press-briefing-16-december-2021/ |website=International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations |access-date=26 April 2022}}{{cite web |title=COVAX Manufacturing Task Force to tackle vaccine supply challenges |url=https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/covax-manufacturing-task-force-tackle-vaccine-supply-challenges |website=GAVI |access-date=26 April 2022 |language=en}}

As of 2016, the timeline from a vaccine's first regulatory submission in its country of origin to its approval for use in Sub-Saharan Africa could take up to seven years.{{cite journal |last1=Ahonkhai |first1=Vincent |last2=Martins |first2=Samuel F. |last3=Portet |first3=Alexandre |last4=Lumpkin |first4=Murray |last5=Hartman |first5=Dan |title=Speeding Access to Vaccines and Medicines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Case for Change and a Framework for Optimized Product Market Authorization |journal=PLOS ONE |date=16 November 2016 |volume=11 |issue=11 |pages=e0166515 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0166515 |pmid=27851831 |pmc=5112794 |bibcode=2016PLoSO..1166515A |language=en |issn=1932-6203|doi-access=free }}

The DCVMN is active in identifying obstacles in the processes of vaccine registration and use. It works to increase coordination of requirements and procedures to improve the prequalification, procurement and supply of vaccines. This can involve governments in different countries, the World Health Organization (WHO), and United Nations agencies such as UNICEF.{{cite journal |last1=Dellepiane |first1=Nora |last2=Pagliusi |first2=Sonia |title=Opportunities for improving access to vaccines in emerging countries through efficient and aligned registration procedures: An industry perspective |journal=Vaccine |date=21 May 2019 |volume=37 |issue=23 |pages=2982–2989 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.03.025 |pmid=31027928 |s2cid=135439603 |language=en |issn=0264-410X|doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |last1=Dellepiane |first1=Nora |last2=Pagliusi |first2=Sonia |title=Challenges for the registration of vaccines in emerging countries: Differences in dossier requirements, application and evaluation processes |journal=Vaccine |date=7 June 2018 |volume=36 |issue=24 |pages=3389–3396 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.049 |pmid=29724510 |pmc=6278877 |language=en |issn=0264-410X}}{{cite journal |last1=Hayman |first1=Benoit |last2=Bowles |first2=Alex |last3=Evans |first3=Beth |last4=Eyermann |first4=Elizabeth |last5=Nepomnyashchiy |first5=Lyudmila |last6=Pagliusi |first6=Sonia |title=Advancing innovation for vaccine manufacturers from developing countries: Prioritization, barriers, opportunities |journal=Vaccine |date=22 February 2021 |volume=39 |issue=8 |pages=1190–1194 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.085 |pmid=33487466 |pmc=7909323 |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.085 |access-date=26 April 2022 |language=en |issn=0264-410X}}

The Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers Network has received funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.